BULLETIN 60. 
4 
seventy varieties. A few varieties disappeared from the 
test-plats during the last three years, other varieties planted 
failed to become established, and still others were planted 
only last spring. 
The older plantation was set in 1896. Other plants and 
other varieties were added in 1897 and ' m 1898, and a new 
plantation set in 1900. In so far as the blackberries and 
raspberries are concerned, these latter years enter compar¬ 
atively little into the. description or tests of plants or fruit 
which follow. The season of 1898 was so extremely dry 
that the water for irrigation purposes was entirely inade¬ 
quate to the development of either fruit or vine. 
This season of drought was followed by the extremely 
early and severe winter of 1898-9 which prevented the 
proper covering of the vines, resulting in the complete kill¬ 
ing to the ground of all the raspberry and blackberry canes, 
thus preventing a crop in 1899. 
The canes of all the raspberry and blackberry vines 
were pinched back when about 18 inches in height, the 
result being a fine growth of vvell-matured stocky canes. 
They were laid down by removing the earth from under¬ 
neath one side of the hill and forcing the tops in that 
direction with a fork, then covering to a depth of about 3 
inches with earth. By a yearly practice of this method the 
roots extend laterally and are but little injured in the pro¬ 
cess of laying down, while the canes, though stiff and stout, 
are but little bent and are therefore uninjured. 
Winter protection is the only safe course to follow in 
this section of the state. 
GOOSEBERRIES--/?/^. 
Even some of the currants and gooseberries suffered 
more or less severely by the extreme winter of 1898-9. A 
record of this injury follows in the notes on the individual 
varieties. 
The gooseberry plantation consisted of six varieties, 
one of which, Industry, is now extinct. As there has been 
such a great difference in the age and vigor of the several 
varieties, it is thought best for the present not to append 
figures giving the comparative yields. 
Three varieties new to the plantation were added last 
spring. 
The gooseberry crop of 1900 was, from a commercial 
standpoint, almost totally destroyed by the ravages of the 
fruit worm, known to science as Epochroa Canadensis. The 
“worms” are the larvae of a two-winged fly which deposits 
