M I L L, 
386 
gefher are now put into the clearing-oft' machine, which 
is a coarfe wire-cylinder of the kind w'e have defcribed, 
and by it is feparated into, ill, hog-pollard, which is. the 
fined fort; 2d, hprfe-pollard; and, 3d, bran. A pair of 
mill-hones will grind five bufhels of wheat per hour, when 
in good condition ; but require to be taken up and drefled 
once a-week, if ufed conbantly. This drefling is done by 
picking the furface of the ftone over with the mill-pick, 
to cut the grooves and furrows (harp, that they may grind 
and cut the corn between them. 
PetTons riotoufly affembling and deftroying, or malici- 
©ufly burning, any w r ind faw-mill, wind-mill, or water¬ 
mill, &c. (hall be guilty of felony, without benefit of 
clergy, by 9 Geo. III. c. 29. Profecution to be com¬ 
menced within eighteen months after the offence com¬ 
mitted. By 41 Geo. III. c. 24. the damages occafioned by 
demolifliing any luch mill by perfons riotoufly afi'embled, 
may be l’ued for and recovered in the manner provided 
for by 1 Geo. flat. 2. c. 5. refpefling the demolifliing of 
churches and other buildings. By 43 Geo. III. c. 58. any 
perfon who (hall malicioufly let fire to any mill in the 
pofleflion of any other perfon, or of any body corporate, 
•(hall be guilty of felony, without benefit of clergy. 
Water-mills have long been great nuifances to agricul¬ 
ture, by preventing the ul'e of the dreams on which they 
band, in many cafes, for irrigating and flooding the ad¬ 
joining lands, by which much improvement is kept back, 
that would otherwife take place. They are alfo injurious 
by obdrufting and damming-up the water in numerous 
indances, fo as to render it dagnant on the ground above. 
Wind and beam may, however, be applied as the mov¬ 
ing powers of mills without producing any luch efteft, 
and are, of courfe, the mod proper powers to be em¬ 
ployed. 
The ancient feudal cubom of obliging tenants to grind 
at the lord’s mills is now' almod wholly done away. 
Draining or lifting-mills are often extremely ufeful in 
difeharging water from low bat lands in many lituations. 
Tdie moving pow'er in thele is commonly wind. 
By an ancient ordinance, the toll for grinding (hall be 
taken either to the 20th or 24th corn; and yet, in fome 
places, millers claim and take the 16th part: but Mr. 
Dalton fays, that the miller diould take but one quart 
for grinding one bufhel of hard corn; and, if he carry 
back the grid to the owner, he may take two quarts of 
fuch corn, i. e. wheat, rye, and meflin, (wheat and rye 
mixed.) For malt he diall take half as much as for hard 
corn. By Holt, C. J. the toll of a mill mud be regulated 
by cubom ; and, if the miller take more than the cubom 
warrants, it is extortion : but, if it be a new' mill, the 
miller is not redrained to any certain toll. 1 Raym. 149. 
In (ome places the tenants are bound to have their corn 
ground at the lord’s mill. 'When a miller, upon infor¬ 
mation given on oath to any magidrate, is ful'pedled of 
adulterating meal or dour, the heufe, mill, &c. of fuch 
miller, may be entered under the authority of a warrant 
of a magidrate, at all lealbnable times of the day, to 
fearch for difeovery; and, if fuch adulterated meal or 
dour be found, it may be feized by the officer executing 
the warrant-, or feized by the magidrate to whom it is 
carried, and difpofed of at his dil'cretion. 31 Geo. III. c. 29. 
A miller who hath corn given him to grind, and who 
charges for that which is bad, is indiftable ; and he may 
be guilty of felony by taking away any part with an in¬ 
tent to deal it. Hawk. c. 33. Millers are not to be com¬ 
mon buyers of any corn, with a view to fell the fame 
again, either in corn or meal. JQalt. c. 122. By 36 Geo. III. 
c. 85. every miller (hall keep balances and weights, ac¬ 
cording to the dandard of the exchequer, which may 
be examined by a perfon appointed for this purpofe by 
35 Geo. III. c. 102. and, in default thereof, the miller 
Ihall forfeit not exceeding 20s'. Millers may ke required 
to weigh corn; and,on refufal, Ihall forfeit not exceeding 
40s. Millers are to deliver the whole produce of corn 
when ground, if required, allowing for wade in grinding 
and dreffing, and for toll when taken ; and, if fuch com 
Ihall w'eigh lefs than the full w r eight, fuch miller (hall, for 
every bufliel of corn deficient in w'eight,-forfeit not ex¬ 
ceeding is. and alfo treble the value of fuch deficiency. 
When toll is taken, it (hall be deducted before the com 
fliali be put into the mill. No miller (hall demand com 
for toll, but in lieu thereof diall be entitled to payment 
in money, under penalty of forfeiting not exceeding 5I. 
excepting wdien perflons dial! not have money to pay for 
grinding. But this (hall not extend to mills called “ Soke- 
mills,” or fuch ancient mills as are edabliflied by cubom. 
and the law' of the land ; which mills diall continue to 
take toll as they have been accudomed to do. Every 
miller is required to put up in his mill a table of the 
prices in money, or of the amount of toll or multure, oil 
pain of forfeiting 20s. for every fuch offence. 
Mills are various in their kinds, and of very extenflve 
ufe. They are dibinguidied, of courfe, by particular 
names, fometimes taken from the powers by which they 
are moved, as hand-mills, horfe-mills, wind-mills, water- 
mills, as to which fee Mechanics and this article fupra ; 
fometimes their names are derived from the ufes to which 
they are applied, as levigating-mills, boring-mills, law- 
mills, See. Indeed the term is extended to any machine 
which, being moved by fome external force, ferves to 
give a violent impreffion on things applied to it; and in 
this fenfe, they are machines of vad ufe in the manufac¬ 
tures, arts, and. trades ; for the making and preparing 
divers kinds of merchandife. Thus we have marble- 
mills, (fee Marmor, vol. xiv.) paper-mills, fugar-mills, 
See. See. which fee refpedlively. Mills are alfo ufed at 
prefent in coining; fee London, vol. xiii. p.444. The 
little machine ufed by the wire-draw'ers, confiding of tw'o 
cylinders of deel, ferving to batten the gold or filver wire, 
and reduce it into laminse, or plates, is alfo called a mill, 
or a flatting-mill. They have alfo mills to wind the gold 
wire or thread on the filk; thefe are compofed of fevers! 
row's of bobbins, all turned at the fame time. The ma¬ 
chines for drawing lead into (beets for plumbers, and 
thinner for printers, (which latter is now difufed,) are 
more properly called flatting-mills. The thre(hing-ma- 
chines are fometimes called mills; for w'hich fee the ar¬ 
ticle Husbandry, vol. x. p. 597. and Plate X. 
MILL, f A money of account in the United States of 
America; icoo mills being — 100 cents =: 10 deniers = 
a dollar. 
To MILL, v.a. To grind; to comminute. To beat 
up chocolate. To (lamp coin in the mints.—It would be 
better for your milled medals, if they carried the whole 
legend on their edges ; but, at the lame time that they 
are lettered on the edges, they have other inferiptions on 
the face and the reverie. AddiJ'on. —Wood’s halfpence are 
not milled, and therefore more eafily counterfeited. Swift. 
MILL (John), a very learned Engiifli divine and bib¬ 
lical critic, was born at Shapp in Welbnoreland, about 
the year 1645. He was entered a fervitor of Queen’s 
College, Oxford, in 1661 ; where he took the degree of 
B. A. in 1666, and that of M. A. in 1669. Afterwards he 
w'as eleided a fellow' of his college, and became an emi¬ 
nent tutor. Having entered into holy orders, he alfo 
dibinguifhed himfelf by his pulpit-talents, and was much 
admired as an eloquent preacher. One fpecimen only of 
his fermons was committed to the prefs, which was 
preached “ on the Feab of the Annunciation of the Blefied 
Virgin Mary, at St. Martin’s in the Fields, Weffminber,” 
and publidied in 1676, in 4to. It contains judicious ob- 
fervations on the wordiip of the Virgin Mary; and (hows 
it to be fo far from having been an apodolic or primitive 
pra£lice,tliat neither the feripture, nor theChridian writers 
for the fird three hundred years, give the lead countenance 
to fuch a kind of devotion. About the time of its appear¬ 
ance, his countryman and fellow-collegian, Dr. Lamplugh, 
being made bifliop of Exeter, appointed Mr. Mill one of his 
chaplains, and gave him a prebend in his cathedral church. 
In 1680, our author was admitted to the degree ofbache- 
1 lor 
