642 MON 
on the borders of Tyrone. The linen-manufatture flou- 
rifhes, efpecially in the north and weft parts of the county. 
Two members are returned for the county to the impe¬ 
rial parliament. 
MONAGHAN', capital of the above county. This 
town was fortified with a caftie and fort againft the Irifh, 
in the reign of queen Elizabeth. The caftie was formed 
out of an ancient abbey. Before the union it fent two 
members to the Irifh parliament. It is forty miles fouth- 
welt of Belfaft, and fixty north-north-weft of Dublin. 
Lat. 54.. t 6. N. Ion. 6.49. W. 
MO'NAIl, a town of Hindooftan, in Baramaul: eight 
miles north of Namacul. 
MONAHAN', a townfhip of America, in York county, 
Pennfylvania. 
MONA'INCHA, the name of a celebrated old monaf- 
tery in Ireland, which belonged to the Culdees, and is 
mentioned by Cambrenfis. It is fituated in the bog of 
Monela, in the county of Tipperary ; three miles fouth- 
eaft from Rofcrea. 
MONAMBASCHAGATT', a town of Africa, on the 
river Camarones. 
MONAN'DRIA, f. [from uovoe, alone, and ang, a man 
or hufband.] The name of the firft clafs in Linnams’s 
fexual fyftem; confifting of plants with hermaphrodite 
flowers, which have only one liftmen. See the article 
Botany, vol. iii. p. 256, 263. 
Monandria is likewife the name of an order of the 
dalles Monoecia and Dioecia. See the fame article, 
p. 277, 278. 
MON ANGIOPOLYSPER'MOUS, adj. [from the Greek 
alone, ccyfuov, a veflel, irotwe, many, and a 
feed.] In botany, having many leeds in one fingle feed- 
veffel. 
MONANTHEU'IL, or Monantholius (Henry de), 
a French phyfician and mathematical profellbr, was de- 
fcended from a noble family, and born at Rheims in 1535 
or 1536. He was educated in the college of Prefer at 
Paris, under the famous Peter Ramus, of whofe philofo- 
phy he was afterwards a zealous defender. Having taken 
the degree of doftor of medicine, he filled for fome time 
the chair of profellbr, and was made dean of that faculty; 
and in the year 1576 he was appointed profellbr of mathe¬ 
matics in the College Royal. Among the other eminent 
characters whom he could boaft of having had for pupils, 
was the celebrated James-Augultus de Thou, who ftubied 
tinder him the elements of arithmetic and geometry, and 
the learned Peter de Lamoignon. The duties of this pro- 
feflbrlhip Monantheuil difcharged with great reputation 
for more than thirty years; while at the fame time he 
did not negleCt thofe belonging to his office of dean of 
the faculty of medicine. In this capacity he zealoufly 
and vigoroully defended the rights of the faculty, and 
expofed the pretentions of a noted empiric of his day, 
named La Riviere, who was exiled from Paris by an arret 
of the parliament. Our author was honoured with the 
particular friendlhip of William du Vair, keeper of the 
teals, and is the Mufseus fo highly praifed by that magif- 
trate in bis difcourfe On Conltancy. He lleadily main¬ 
tained his loyalty during the troubles of the League; 
and, even when Paris was in the hands of that faCtion, 
frequent meetings were held at his apartments, in which, 
under the pretence of fcientific converlation, projects were 
formed for delivering up the city to the king; and, after 
his majefty obtained polielfion of it, he was the firft who 
pronounced a public panegyric on Henry IV. and con¬ 
gratulated the city of Paris on that event, in a dilcourle 
pronounced at the College Royal. He died in 1606, 
about the age of ieventy, highly refpefted for the extent 
of his knowledge, the integrity of his principles, and the 
purify of his manners. He was the author of, 1. Liber 
de Angulo Contaftus, adverfus Jacobum Peletarium, 1581. 
z. Commentariiin Librum Ariftotelis de Mechanicis, with 
the Greek text, and a new Latin verfion; 1599. 3. De 
Punfto, primo Geometrite principio, Liber, 1600 , which 
MON 
has been improperly attributed to a fon of his, named 
Thierri. 4. Problematis omnium quae a 1200 annis in- 
venta funt nobiliffimi demonftratio, 1600. 5. Ludus iatro- 
mathematicus, &c. and other Orations, in Latin; and he 
left behind him, in an unfinifhed ftate, a large mathema¬ 
tical work, entitled, “ Heptatecnon Mathematicum,” to 
which he had dedicated much of his time and labour. 
Gen. Biog. 
MONAN'THUS, f. [from the Greek yum, alone, and 
auGoc, a flower.] A plant that bears but one flower. 
MON'ARCH, /I [ monarche , Fr. po Gr.] A go¬ 
vernor invefted with abfolute authority; a king.—The 
father of a family or nation, that ufes his fervants like 
children, and advifes with them in what concerns the 
commonweal, and thereby is willingly obeyed by them, 
is what the fchools mean by monarch. Temple. 
Your brother kings and monarchs of the earth 
Do all expert that you fnould roufe yourfelf. Shahefpeare. 
One fuperior to the reft of the fame kind : 
With eafe diftinguilh’d is the regal race: 
Our monarch wears an open honeft face ; 
Shap’d to his fize, and godlike to behold, 
His royal body fhines with lpecks of gold. Dryden's Virg. 
Prefident: 
Come, thou monarch of the vine, 
Plumpy Bacchus, with pink eyne, 
In thy vats our cares be drown’d. Shahefpeare. 
MONAR'CHAL, adj. Suiting a monarch; regal; 
princely ; imperial.—Devotion doth but reduce the wild 
multitude of human affefHons under the monarchal go* 
vernment of the love of God. W. Mountague. 
Satan, whom now tranfeendent glory rais’d 
Above his fellows, with monarchal pride, 
Confcious of higheft worth, unmov'd thus fpake. Milton. 
MON'ARCHESS, f. A female monarch ; an emprefs.— 
The monarchefs relied very well latisfied, and was ready 
to licenfe his departure. Tranjlation of Jioccalini, 1626. 
MONAR'CHIAL, adj. Regal; veiled in a fingle ruler. 
—It has arifen from the extreme difficulty of reconciling 
liberty, under a monarcliial government, with external 
ftrength and with internal tranquillity. Burke on the CauJ'e 
of Dijcontents. 
MONAR'CHIC, or Monar'chical, adj. Veiled in a 
fingle ruler.—The Jewifh church and the Chriftian, though 
fo different, have yet, in their feveral ages, fubfifted and 
flourifhed under the like outward rule, monarchique go¬ 
vernment. Archdeacon Holy day's Sermons, 1661.—The firft 
wrote under the confular, and the other under the mo¬ 
narchic, ftate. Warburton on Prodigies. —That ftorks will 
only live in free Hates, is a pretty conceit to advance the 
opinion of popular policies, and from antipathies in na¬ 
ture to difparage monarchical government. Brown. 
MONAR'CHICI, f. Heretics towards the end of the 
fecond century, who allowed but one perfon in the god¬ 
head, and maintained that the Father, the creator of all 
things, had united himfelf to the human nature of Chrift; 
whence they were called Monarchians; and they alfo 
taught that the Father was crucified; on this account 
they were denominated Patripalfians. They feern to have 
refembled the Swedenborgians of the prefent day. 
To MON'ARCHISE, v. n. To play the king.—That 
prince, which here doth monarchize. Drummond'sMadrigal. 
Allowing him a breath, a little feene 
To monarchize, be fear’d, and kill with looks. Shahefpeare. 
To MON'ARCHISE, v. a. To rule over as king.— 
Brute firft monarchiz'd the land. Drayton. 
MONARCH'ISHNESS, j\ The ftate of being monarch¬ 
ical. Scott. 
MON'ARCHIST, f An advocate for monarchy.— I 
proceed to examine the next fuppofition of the church 
monarch-ills. Barrow on the Pope's Supremacy. 
MON'ARCH Y, 
