MON 
650 
M O N 
MON'DA, or Mtin'da, a town of Spain, in the pro- when labour was remunerated by pecuniary payments, it 
vince of Grenada, near which Ctefar gained a vi&ory becameufual,andnotunnatural,forthepoorandnewly- 
over the fons of Pompey: feven miles north of Marbella, emancipated labourers, to befpeak the confideration of 
and twenty-three welt of Malaga. the opulent, by lhowing them their plough, which could 
MONDAGE'LE, a town on the eaft coaft of Ceylon : not then be ufed, eipecially in the north, from the incle- 
twenty-eight miles fouth of Trincoli. mency of the weather incident to fuch feafon. Brady's 
MONDAHU', a river of Braid, which runs into the Cl. Cal. and Strutt's Sports and PaJUmes. 
Atlantic in lat. 3.10. S. Ion. 4.0.4.6. W. MON'DAY, a river of Paraguay, which runs into the 
MONDA'RA, a town of Nubia: forty miles fouth-well Parana, 
of Dekin. MON'DAY BA'Y, a bay on the coalt of Terra del 
MON'DAY, / [from monan-bseg, Sax. the day of the Fuego, in the Straits of Magellan. It affords good an- 
moon ; the day confecrated to the moon; monan is the chorage in twenty fathoms. It is fifteen miles fouth-eaft 
genitive cafe of mona, the moon.] The fecond day of the of Cape Upright. 
week.—The Saxons did adore the moon, to whom they MON'DE, f. [Fr. from piundus, Lat.] The world ; a 
fet a day apart, which to this day we call moon-day. Gre- certain number of people : as, the beau monde. —A globe, 
gory. —By the Romans, who, as well as the Saxons, dedi- the enfign of power and authority. (Commonly mound.) 
cated this day ( Monday ) to the moon, it was called Dies —In a tunic and robe of brocade, with a full fair wig ; a 
Inna:. Brady's Claris Calendaria. gold crown much larger than the head;• and a monde in 
Plough-Monday, the firft Monday after the Epipha- his hand. Drummond's Travels. 
ny; that is, on the 7th of January (as in 1811) at the MONDE'GO, a river of Portugal, which rifes near 
earlieft, and on the 13th (as in the prefent year 1817) at Guarda, in the province of Beira, and runs into the At- 
the lateft. It received this appellation from its having lantic twelve miles fouth-well of Montemor e Velho. 
been fixed upon by our forefathers, as the period when MONDEJA'R, a town of Spain, in New Caftile : twen- 
they returned to the duties of agriculture, after the fefti-. ty-five miles eaft of Madrid. 
vities of Chriftmas: feftivities which, in thole days, lalled MONDEL'LO, a town of Sicily, in the valley of Ma- 
generally until the Epiphany, or Twelfth-day, agreeably zara: eight miles north of Palermo, 
to a law palled by Alfred the Great, and even until Can- MON'DEVILLE, a town of France, in the department 
dlemas among the commonalty, who Itrove to retain for of the Calvados : three miles eall of Caen, 
their regale, 011 this concluding day of the annual feafon MON'DIM, a town of Portugal, in the province of 
of joy, fome part of their much-prized Chrillmas cheer. Beira: ten miles fouth-lbuth-eall of Lamego, and fifteen 
The plough, therefore, being the fundamental inltru- well-fouth-well of St. Joao de Pafqueira. 
ment of hulbandry, was not unaptly made the typical ex- MONDI'NO, or Mundinus, a phylician defervedly 
preflion of the renewal of their labours. The morning celebrated in the dark ages, was born at Milan, accord- 
of this day was devoted to the examination of their ing to Freind, and fiourilhed early in the fourteenth cen- 
ploughs, and other implements of agriculture, after which tury. He held the profeflorlhip of medicine at Bologna 
they were indulged with a farewell-holiday, and a free in the year 1316, and enjoyed an extenlive reputation 
recurrence to the fports and paftimes of Chriftmas, to throughout Italy, then the great feat of fcience, for his 
which a freedom was given but ill according with the medical flc.il 1 . His principal claim to diftinftion, how- 
church-folemnities appropriated to that holy 1 feafon. ever, refts upon his zeal and fuccefs in the cultivation of 
Time, and the progreflive refinement of manners, have anatomy, of which art he mull be deemed the reftorer, 
now nearly worn out this ancient ufage, though the va- having been the firft among the moderns who dillefted 
rious obfervances of Plough-Monday in the north yet human bodies. He was the author of a work, entitled 
bear fo clofe a relemblance to the rites of the Feaft of “ Anatomia omnium humani Corporis interiorum Mem- 
Fools (fee Lord of Misrule, vol. xiii. p. 664.) kept in brorum,” firft printed at Pavia in 1478, and afterwards 
old times on the ill of January, and prolonged through- frequently republilhed, with various commentaries. It is 
out the Chriftmas vacation, as juftly to be attributable a methodical treatife, very copious upon the fubjefl of 
to that fource. The Roman Saturnalia, of which the the vifcera, in the defcription of which he introduced 
Feaft of Fools was the counterpart, gave free licence to many original obfervations, but palles lightly over the 
every lpecies of abfurd profligacy; and, as a cloak to un- fubjebt of the nerves and blood-veifels. It abounds, 
bounded licentioufnels, particularly encouraged men however, with a multitude of errors, relulting from his 
being difguiled in the attire of women, and the women in attachment to the opinions of Galen and Avicenna; 
that of men. “In the north,” fays Mr. Brand, “at and is marked by the rudenefs and inaccuracy of the 
Chrillmas-time the fool-plough goes about; a pageant that times. Neverthelefs, it conferred a real benefit bn the 
conlifts of a number of lword-dancers dragging 4 plough infant fcience; and acquired fuch a high charabler for 
about with mulic, and one or fometimes two of them at- authority in Italy, that the llatutes of Padua, artd fome 
tired in a very antic drels; as the Be(jy in the grotefque other medical fchools of Italy, prohibited the ufe of every 
habit of an old woman, and the FW aim oft covered with other work as a text-book for the ftudents of anatomy; 
Ikins, a hairy cap on his head, and the tail of fome ani- and it continued in this general eftimation for nearly two 
mal hanging down the back. The office of one of thefe centuries. Mundinus died at Bologna in 1325 or 1326, 
characters is to go about rattling a box among the fpefta- and was buried in the church of St. Vital. Freind's HiJ't . 
tors of the dance to collect their little donations; and it died. 
is remarkable that, in fome places where this pageant is MON'DOCK, a town of Pruflia, in the province of 
retained, they plough up the loil before any houle where Oberland : five miles eaft of Eylau. 
they receive no reward.” But in general the more com- MONDONE'DO, a town of Spain, in Galicia, the fee 
mon mode of pafling the holiday, is to drag a plough" of a bilhop, fulfragan of Compoftella: fixty-two miles 
from door to door, loliciting plough-money , wherewith to north-eatl of Compoftella, and ninety north-weft of Leon, 
defray the expenles of a fealt, and a dance in the evening. Lat. 43.25. N. Ion. 7.20. W. 
This lall and moll innocent cuftom, it would appear, was MONDO'VI, a town of Piedmont, capital of a diftriCt 
introduced by degrees after the abolition of the feudal to which it gave name. It is fituated at the foot of the 
fyltem. Before that happy event took place, the great Appennines, on a mountain near the river Elero. The up- 
barons who held thq land, employed their dependants, per part of the mountain began to be inhabited in the 
then in a Hate of villeinage, in its cultivation, and fed year 1038; the date of the foundation of the city is rnark- 
them in common with their other numerous retainers, ed on a Hone in the cathedral 1232. The troubles of 
At firft, the vaflhls commuted with their lords by the Icaly increafed its numbers of inhabitants; among the 
payment of a tribute ftyled plough-Jilver ; and at length, reft came many of the citizens of Milan, when Frederic 
' . 1 '' Barbarofta 
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