M O N 
word, I valued myfelf upon being a ft rift monogainij ?. 
Goldfmith'-s Vicar of Wakefield. 
MONOG'AMY. f. Marriage of one wife.—If he had 
ever read the hook following of monogamy, he might have 
found his Tertullian then montanizing, to upbraid the 
true and catholick church with the ufual practice and 
allowance of the feccnd marriages of their bifhops. Bj). 
Hall's Honour of the Married Clergy. 
MONOGLOS'SUM, in ancient geography, a mart-town 
of the Hither India, fttuated on the Sinus Canthi, into 
which the Indus empties itfelf. Said to be Mangalore, 
on the coaft of Malabar. Lat. 13. N. Ion. 74. E. 
MON'OGRAM, f. [from the Gr. pom, fingle, and 
ypeeppu, a letter.] A cipher, a character comprifing two 
or more letters in one.—Sometimes a monogram, a fcrowl, 
or other poor device. Leake. 
It came 
To be deferibed by a monogram. B. Jonfon's Underwoods. 
A pifture drawn in lines without colour.—A kind of 
firft draught, or ground-colours only, and monogram of life. 
Hammond. 
Among, medallifts, a monogram is the name of a 
prince, city, or the like, of which the characters are, as 
it were, woven together, and the limb of one character 
applies to three or four others ; lb that in the fmall fpace 
of one or two characters a whole name is comprehended. 
Under the eaftern empire, it is ufual to find MIK, which 
are the monogram of Maria, Jefus, Conftantine. The 
ufe of monograms is of an ancient Handing, as appears 
from Plutarch, and from fome Greek medals of the time 
of Philip of Macedon, Alexander his fon, &c. The Ro¬ 
man labarum bore the monogram of Jefus Chrift, con- 
lifting of two letters, a P placed perpendicularly through 
the middle of an X, as we find it in leveral medals of the 
time of Conftantine, thofe being the two firft letters of 
the word XPIXT02, Chrift. 
Kings formerly marked their coins with their mono¬ 
grams : of this we have inltances in Charlemagne’s coins. 
That prince alio uled the monogram for his fignature. 
Eginhard gives us this reafon for it, viz. that Charle¬ 
magne could not write; and that, having attempted in 
vain to learn in his grown age, he was reduced to the 
necefiity of ligning with a monogram. The ancients 
alio uied monograms as notes, or abbreviations of in- 
feriptions; for the underftanding of which we have ex¬ 
prefs treatifes by Valerius Probus, Sert. Urfatus, &c. 
MONOG'RAMMAL, adj. Sketching in the manner 
of a monogram.—Though it be but as it were a mono- 
grammal defeription, and a kind of rude draught as it 
were wdth a coal. Fotherby's Atheom. i6zz. 
MONOG'RAPHI, f. in botany, authors who have 
written exprefs treatifes on only one plant; as Douglas 
on the Guernfey lily, &c. 
MONOGRAPHIC, adj. [from the Gr. povos, fingle ; 
and yputpa, to write.] Drawn in lines without colours. 
MONOGYN'IA,^’. [from the Gr. povoe, fingle; and ywy, 
female.] In botany, the name of the firft order or lub- 
divilion in the firft thirteen dalles of Linnaeus’s fexual 
fyftem; confifting of plants which, betides their agree¬ 
ment in their claflic character, generally derived from 
the number of their ftamina, have only one ftyle, orleflile 
ftigma, in each flower. A fingle ftyle however is by no 
means confined to tliefe clafles, being univerfal in the 
14th and 15th, as well as in the 17th and 19th, all 
very extenfi-ve and natural clafles of the fame fyftem; 
and it occurs here and there amongft the others ; though 
in none of thefe inltances does it give a denomination to 
any order, or feCtion. 
MONOHEM'ERA, f. [from jaohoc, fingle; and npt(a, 
a day.] A difeafe continuing but one day, a difeafe which 
may be cured in one day. 
MO'NOK, a town of Hungary; twelve miles weft- 
north- weft of Tokay. 
M O N 691 
MONO'KA, a river of Maryland, which runs into the 
Chefapeak in lat. 38. 10. N. Ion. 76. 53. W. 
MONOLO'GIAN, or Monol'ogist, f [from pouot, 
fingle, and a word.] A foliloquift, one that talks 
to himfelf. 
MON'OLOGUE, or Monol'ogv , f. A feene in which 
a perlon of the drama fpeaks by himfelf; a foliloquy.—He 
gives you an account of himfelf, and of his returning 
from the country, in monologue; to which unnatural way 
of narration Terence is fubjeCt in all his plays. Dry den. 
MONOM'ACHY, /! [from the Gr. poves, alone; and 
payyt, a fight.] A duel; a fingle combat.—In thole an¬ 
cient monomachies and combats they were fearched, that 
they had no magical charms. Burton's Anatomy of Me¬ 
lancholy. —Abner invites his rival in honour to a tragical 
play, (as he terms it,) a monomachy of twelve fingle com¬ 
bats on either part. Bp. Hall's Cafes of ConJcien.ce. — 1 Mo¬ 
nomacky was anciently allowed by law, for the trial or 
proof of crimes. It was even permitted in pecuniary 
caufes, as appears by ancient records. It is now for¬ 
bidden both by the civil and canon laws. Chambers. 
MON'OME, / [French.] In algebra, a quantity that 
has but one denomination or name. Harris. 
MONOM'ERES, f. A word uled by the ancients alone* 
but more frequently joined with the word phorbeia, to 
exprefs one fort of the bandage uled to confine the breath, 
by thofe who played on the ancient pipe. This conlifted 
only of one lfraight and one tranfverfe piece; and the 
latter came fully over the mouth, and clofed it up, except 
that a hole was cut in it to receive the mouth-piece of the 
pipe. The diemeres confifted of leveral pieces, and only 
tied up the lower-lip. Chambers. 
MONO'MIAL, J'. in algebra, a root or quantity that 
has but one name, a quantity confifting of one term. 
MON'OMIES, a fort in America, on the Winebago 
River. Lat. 44. 18. N. Ion. 87. 34. W. 
MON'OMIES, a river of North America, which gives 
name to a tribe of Indians, and which runs into that part 
of Lake Michigan called Green Bay in lat. 44. 46. N. 
Ion. 87. 27. W. 
MONOMONIL', a town of North America, on the weft 
fide of Green Bay. Lat. 44. 32. N. Ion. 87. 28. E. 
MONOMOTAPA'. See Mocaranga, p. 600. 
MONONGAHE'LA, a river of America, which join's 
the Allegany at Pittlburgh, where the united ftreams are 
called the Ohio. Lat. 40. 27. N. Ion. 80. W. 
MONONGA'LIA, a country of the north-weft part of 
Virginia, about forty miles long, and thirty broad; the 
population at the beginning of the nineteenth century 
was about 8340. 
MONOPA'GIA. The fame as Monoplegia, which fee. 
MONOP'ATHY, J\ [from the Gr. povoq, alone; and 
vruOos, differing.] Solitary fenfibility ; foie luffering.—By 
this Spanilh proverb, every one calculateth his nativity, 
and fentenceth his own future fate, by crying at his birth ; 
not coming only from the body’s monopathy, or foie dif¬ 
fering, by change of its warm quarters; but, according 
to fome, from fympathy with the divining foul, that 
knoweth itfelf for a time baniflied from the Father of 
Spirits. Whitelock's Manners of the Englijh. 
MONOPET'ALOUS, adj. [from the Gr. pom, lingle; 
and nnaKov, a flower-leaf.] Having one flower-leaf.—It 
is ufed for fuch flowers as are formed out of one leaf, 
how'foever they may be feemingly cut into many fmall 
ones, provided they are not divided at the bale. Martin's 
Language of Botany. 
MONOPH'AGI, f. [Greek.] In antiquit)', adefigna- 
tion given to thofe who celebrated the ASginean feftival, 
becaufe they feafted or ate together without the afliftance 
of their fervants; none but the denizens of that ifland 
being allowed to be prefenf. Chambers. 
MONOPHYLL'ON, J'. in botany. See Convallaria. 
MONOPH'YSITES, [from the Gr. povoo, fingle, and 
(pvau, nature.] A general name given to all thofe ie&aries 
m 
