M O N 
MON 
cm 
but, if it may be allowed to illudrate the profane by the 
facred, now that the population of Marybone is fo in- 
creafed that one church will not contain the pariflrioners, 
no one propofes to build a cathedral fo large, that one- 
half of the congregation could not hear the difcourfe, 
nor fee the preacher. No ; it is propofed to build fevernl 
churches for the convenience of all; and this propofal 
has already been afted upon. It may be defined at what 
didance the human voice may be heard with eafe, and 
without any extraordinary exertion of the actor. In our 
theatres, fliould the after fpeak in a natural tone, he would 
not be heard by half the audience ; ihould he bawl, he 
would diftort his countenance: and we know that the 
effeft which Garrick produced was attributed to his gef- 
tures as much as to his utterance. 
If the palent-houfes Ihould be deferted in confequence 
of the ereftion of new theatres, the managers would have 
no right to complain, provided their audience amounted 
to the number that would have filled their original houfes. 
If the patentees have doubled the fize of their theatres, 
they mull confent to their remaining half empty. If a 
man had received a patent to fet up between London and 
Bath a dage-coach, which ufually carries fix infide paf- 
fengers, and is drawn by four horfes, Ihould his patent 
exclude others from fetting up other coaches, as many as 
the increafe of the two cities might require ? or would 
any attention be paid to the patentee, fliould he offer to 
build a machine capable of conveying forty pafl'engers, 
and drawn by forty horfes ? The patent had been origi¬ 
nally given under, the fuppofition that the road would 
fupport only one ftage-coach. 
MONOP'TERON, f. in architecture; [from the Greek 
pence, fingle, and errs%ov, a wing.] A kind of round tem¬ 
ple, having the roof fupported by pillars. 
MONOP'TIC, f. [from the Gr. povoe, fingle, and osr- 
rcy.ai, to fee.] One who fees but with one eye. Scott. 
MONOP'TOTE, or Monop'toton, J'. in grammar, a 
noun that has but one cafe. 
MONOPYRE'I^EOUS, adj. [povoe, and nvp-/iv, a kernel.] 
Having but one feed or kernel in a berry. 
MONOR'CHIS, f in botany; the fpecific name of an 
Ophrys, fo called from having but one apparent globular 
bulb, or rather knob, to the root; the other being formed 
•at the end of a longifli flroot, about, or after, the time of 
flowering, fo as commonly to efcape obfervation. See 
Ophrys monorchis.—Befides the common fignification of 
this word as the name of a plant, phyficians have alfo ufed 
it to exprefs a man who has but one teflicle. 
MONORHY'MEE, or Monorhythm^, f. [from the 
Gr. povoe, fingle; and pvhpo c, rhyme.] A poetical com- 
pofition, all the verfes of which end with the fame rhyme. 
— Monor/u/mes are laid to have been invented by the old 
French poet Leonin, who addrefied fome Latin verfes of 
this kind to pope Alexander III. whence they are alfo 
called Leonine verfes. Chambers. 
MO'NOS, a river of Guinea, which runs into the At¬ 
lantic fifteen miles fouth of Tombi. 
MONOSPERMALTH-fE'A, f. in botany. See Wal- 
theria. 
MONOSPER'MOUS, adj. [from the Gr. povos, fingle ; 
and o-ereppa, a feed.] Bearing a fingle feed to each flower. 
MONOSPHER'ICAL, adj. [from the Gr. povoe, fingle; 
trtpaipx, a fphere.] Confiding of a fingle fphere. 
MONOS'TICII, or Monostichon, f. [from the Gr. 
povoe, Angle; and a verle.] A compofition of one 
Angle verfe.-—The drugs and fpices here fo perfumed the 
place, that it made me fince give the better credit to that 
monojiich of an old poet, “ Auras madentes Perficorutn 
aromatum.” Sir T. Herbert's Travels. 
MONOSTROPH'IC, adj. [p.ovos and rpopij, Gr.] Free 
from the redraint of any particular metre.—The mealure 
of verfe ufed in the chorus is of all forts, called by the 
Greeks vionoftrophich. Milton. 
MONOSYLLAB'ICAL, adj. [from monofi/llable.] Con¬ 
fiding of words of one fyllable. 3 
MONOSYL'LABLE, f. [from the Gr. pane-, Angle; 
and a fyllable.] A word of one fyllable.—Poets, 
although not infenfible how much our language was al¬ 
ready overllocked with monofyllables, yet, to fave time and 
pains, introduced that barbarous cuftom of abbreviating 
words, to fit them to the meafure of their verfes. Swift. 
My name of Ptolemy ! 
It is fo long it afks an hour to write it: 
I’ll change it into Jove or Mars ! 
Or any other civil monofi/llable, 
That will not tire my hand. Dnjden's Cleomcnes.' 
In the following example, it may perhaps be confidered as 
an adjeftive.— Monofi/llable lines, unlefs artfully managed, 
are ftiff or languilhing ; but may be beautiful to exprefs 
melancholy. Pope. 
The French language abounds in monofyllables more 
than any other. This renders it the more perplexing to 
foreigners, and yet the beauty of the language feetns to 
confift in it. One of the bell and fmoothed lines in Mal¬ 
herbe confills of twelve monofyllables : fpeaking of Calilla, 
he fays, “ Et moi je ne vois rien quand je ne la vois pas.” 
In this the genius of the Englilh tongue differs very much 
from the French, an uninterrupted feries of monofyllables 
in the former having always an ill effeft. This Mr. Pope 
both intimates and exemplifies in the fame verfe : “ And 
ten low words oft creep in one dull line.” Pafquier cites 
an elegy of forty-two verfes, confiding wholly of mono¬ 
fyllables. 
MONOSYL'LABLED, adj. Confiding of one fyllable : 
Nine taylors, if rightly fpell’d. 
Into one man are monujjllablcd. Cleaveland. 
MONOTII'ELITES, f. [compounded of the Gr. povc ?, 
fingle, and Setepa., will.] In eccleiiadical hidory, an ancient 
left, which fprung out of the Eutychians and Monophy- 
fites ; thus called, as only allowing of one will in Jefus 
Chriit. 
The opinion of the Monothelites had its rife in 630, 
and had the emperor Heraclius for an adherent, who, by 
publifliing an edift in favour of it, hoped thus to reflore 
peace and concord both in church and date: It was the 
fame with that of the Acephalous Severians. They al¬ 
lowed of two wills in Chrili, confidered with regard to 
the two natures ; but reduced them to one, by reafon of 
the union of the two natures ; thinking it abfurd there 
fliould be two free wills in one and the fame perfon. They 
were condemned by the lixth general council, in 680, as 
being fuppofed to dedroy the perfection of the humanity 
of Jefus Chrid, depriving it of will and operation. Mo- 
flieim gives the following account of the date of this fub- 
tile controverfy ; the grounds of which are not, indeed, 
eafily underdood and explained. 1. The Monothelites 
declared, that they had no connection with the Euty¬ 
chians and Monophyfites; but maintained, in oppofition 
to both thefe fefts, that in Chrid there were two didinft 
natures, which were fo united, though without the lead 
mixture or confulion, as to form by their union only one 
perfon. 2. They acknowledged, that the foul of Chrid 
was endowed with a will, or faculty of volition, which is 
dill retained, after its union witlufhe divine nature. For 
they taught, that Chrid was not only perfeft God, but alfo 
perfeft man ; whence it followed, that his foul was en¬ 
dowed with the faculty of volition. 3. They denied that 
this faculty of volition in the foul of Chrid was abfolutely 
inaftive ; maintaining, on the contrary, that it co-ope¬ 
rated with the divine will. 4. They, therefore, in effeft, 
attributed to our Lord two wills, and thefe, moreover, 
operating and aftive. 5. They, however, affirmed, that, 
in a certain fenfe, only one will and one manner of ope¬ 
ration were in Chrid. Their lentiments were afterwards 
embraced by the Maronites. 
MONOTHE'ISM, J. [from the Gr. ponot, fingle; and 
Geo?, God.] The doftrine of the Unitarians. Bailei/. 
MONOTO'CA, J'. [from the Gr. pwoi, one; and t«ko?, 
a foetus. 
