727 
MONT E. 
Ionian, brother of Pepin king of France, on the fpot where 
once Hood a celebrated temple of Apollo. 
MONTE di St. PELEGRi NO, a mountain of Car- 
fagnano. 
MONTE SA'NO, a town of Naples, in Principato Citra: 
twelve miles north-north-eaft of Policaftro. 
MONTE SAN'TO, a town of Naples, in Calabria Ultra: 
feventeen miles eaft-north-eaft of Nicotera, 
MONTE SAN'TO, a town of Italy, in the department 
of the Lower Po : eight miles fouth of Ferrara. 
MONTE SAN'TO, a town of Portugal, in the province 
of Beira. In the year 1704, this town was taken by 
Philip V. king of Spain, but retaken in the following 
year: lix miles north of Idanha a Velba, and fix fouth- 
weft of Pena Macor. 
MONTE SAN'TO, a lofty cape on the eaft coaft of 
Sardinia. Lat. 40. 3. N. Ion. 9. E. 
MONTE SAN'TO, formerly called Blount Athos, a 
mountain of Turkey in Europe, on the gulf of Contefl’a. 
It is called Blonte-Santo, or the Holy Mount, becaufe 
there are twenty-two monafteries thereon, in which are 
4000 monks, who never luffer a woman to come near 
them. It is feventeen miles fouth of Salonichi, Lat. 
40. 27. N. Ion. 24. 39. E. See Athos, vol. ii. 
MONTE SAN'TO (Gulf of), a bay of the Archipelago, 
on the weft coaft of European Turkey, formed between 
two projections of the continent; deriving its name from 
Monte Santo, or Blount Athos, which forms the north- 
eaft boundary of the gulf. Lat. 40. N. Ion. of the en¬ 
trance, 24. 10. E. 
MONTE de SANTO'NA, a town of Spain in the pro¬ 
vince of Bifcay : ilxteen miles eaft of Santander. 
MONTE SARACI'NO, a town of Naples, in Capita- 
nata : fix miles fouth-eaft of Monte St. Angelo. 
MONTE SAR'CHIO, a town of Naples, in Principato 
Ultra: ten miles weft-fouth-weft of Benevento. 
MONTE SCAGLIO'SA, a town of Naples, in Bafili- 
cata : feven miles fouth of Matera. 
MONTE della SIBIL'LA, a town of the Popedom, 
in the duchy of Spoleto: ten miles north ofNorcia. 
MONTE SPERET'TO, a town of the Popedom, in 
the Perugiano : five miles north-weft of Perugia. 
MONTE la TE'GLIA, a towm of Naples, in the 
county of Molife : twenty-four miles north of Molife. 
MONTE VALPARAISO, a mountain of Spain, near 
the city of Grenada. 
MONTE VELI'NO, a mountain, fuppofed to be the 
molt lofty part of the Appennines, more than 8397 feet 
above the level of the Mediterranean: forty-fix miles 
north-eaft of Rome. 
MONTE VER'DE, a town of Naples, in Principato 
Ultra, the fee of a bilhop. Who is titular archbilliop of 
Nazareth: fixteen miles north-eaft of Conza, and fifty 
eaft of Benevento. 
MONTE VET'ERE, a town of Naples, in Balilicata: 
fix miles fouth of Matera. 
MONTE VID'EO, a towm of South-America, in the 
province of Buenos Byres, founded in the year 1740. It 
is fituated on the north fide of the river Plata, ninety 
miles above its mouth, and built on a peninfula, which 
lies convenient to fecure from the eaft winds a bay of 
about fix miles deep, and three wide, at its entrance. At 
the weftern point of this ifland is a lingle high mountain, 
which ierves as a look-out, and has given a name to the 
town; the other lands which furround it are very low. 
That fide which looks towards a plain, is defended by a 
citadel: feveral batteries guard the fide towards the fea 
and the harbour. There is a battery upon a very little 
ifie in the bottom of the bay, called Ule au Francois. The 
anchorage at Monte Video is lafe, though fometimes mo- 
lefted by pamperos, which are ftorms from the fouth-weft, 
accompanied by violent tempefts. There is no great 
depth of water in the whole bay; the tides do not come 
in regular ; according as the wind is, the water is high or 
low. It is neceflary to be cautious, in regard to a chain of 
rocks which extends tome cables’ length off the eaft 
point of the bay ; the lea forms breakers upon them, and 
the people of this country call them La Punta de las 
Carretas. 
Monte Video has a governor cf its own, wdio is im¬ 
mediately under the orders of the governor-general of 
the province. The country round this town is almoft 
entirely uncultivated, and furniihes neither wheat nor 
maize; they mull get flour, bifeuit, and other provifions 
for the ftiips, at Buenos Ayres. In the gardens belong¬ 
ing to the town, and to the adjoining houfes, they cul¬ 
tivate lcarcely any legumes ; there is, however, plenty of 
melons, calabalhes, figs, peaches, apples, and quinces : 
cattle are as abundant there as in any other part of the 
country ; which, together with the wholefomenefs of the 
air, make Monte Video an excellent place to put in at 
for a crew ; only great care mult be taken to prevent de¬ 
fection. In April 1806, the Britilh took it by aflault; 
but, on the ill fuccefs of the expedition to Buenos Ayres 
in 1807, it was evacuated. See the hiftory of the expedi¬ 
tion under the article London, vol. xiii. p. 164, 5. 
Buenos Ayres is that province of Spanilh America 
which borders on Brafil, or Portuguele America. About 
the beginning of the prefent year, 1817, the king of Por¬ 
tugal thought fit to fend an army to take poffeflion of 
Monte Video and the Spanilh colonies on the left bank 
of the river Plata ; but whether with the confent of king 
Ferdinand or not, was uncertain. Two very lingular pro¬ 
clamations were iflued by the chief military authorities 
of the Portuguele king; in which they announce enter¬ 
ing the Spanilh territory with a well-difciplined army; 
call upon the invaded to keep quiet in their houfes ; 
fpeak of reiterated infults from Artigas, the Spanilh in¬ 
dependent chief; declare that they do not come to con¬ 
quer or deftroy, and fpeak of the formation of a provi- 
fional government. Wherever they appeared, the Por- 
tuguefe flag was hoilted. Soon afterwards there appeared 
two other proclamations of the Portuguefe commanders, 
in which it is diftindtly ftated to be a meafure adopted 
between the two cabinets of Spain and the Brazils. It 
was then thought that the movement of the Portuguefe 
troops was an operation concerted with Ferdinand to re¬ 
conquer the colonies which had fucceeded in throwing 
off his yoke. This, however, now appears not to have 
been thefaft; on the contrary, the king of Spain has 
complained to the great European powers of the aggreflion; 
and thofe powers have “ accepted the mediation demanded 
of them by Spain,” and have interfered by a remonftrance, 
or “ Note, addrefled to the king of Portugal’s fecretary of 
ftate, dated Paris, March 16, 1817.” Monte Video has 
been in poflelfion of the Portuguefe ever fince the 20th 
of January. 
In the mean time, the troops being abfent from Brafil, 
the Portuguefe Americans thought fit, in imitation of the 
Spanilh Americans, to declare themfelves independent 
alfo. The revolution broke out (rather prematurely it 
feems) at Pernambuco, the province adjoining to Rio 
Janeiro, on the 20th of March; and has lince extended to 
lix other provinces. And, before thefe events could be 
well known in Europe, namely, on the 15th of May, a 
very exteniive conlpiracy has been detected in Lilbon 
itfelf; and the heads of the conlpiracy, including two 
perfons of rank, were feized in their beds on the night of 
Sunday the 25th. The intent of the confpirators was to 
deftroy lord Beresford and all the Englilh officers, and at 
once to lhake oft' the domination of the Britilh nation ; 
then to hoift the flag of independence; and afterwards to 
lend every poffible affiftance to the infurgents at Pernam¬ 
buco, with invitations of paternization alfo to Bahia, 
Maranon, Para, &c. The caufes affigned for this plot 
are—the jealoufy entertained of Britilh influence by the 
Portuguefe; their diflatisfadtion at the condudl of the 
regency, and at the abfence of the king, whole policy 
relpefting South America they wholly dilapprove, fince 
it appears to be his objedlto impoverilh Portugal in order 
1 So. 
