M O R 
from impendingdeftruftion, and on two of thofe occaAons 
he afted as a Ample volunteer, or in fubordinate fituations 
in the army, having been fuperfeded by the accomplices 
of his father’s murderer, who dreaded the juft vengeance 
of a man whole exploits and moral conduct had made him 
fo popular with the troops and the people. It was on this 
occalion that a French colonel, lately prifoner of war in 
this country, and then attached to Moreau’s army, allied 
him, when the order of the direftory fuperfeding him had 
been received, “ General, will you obey fo infulting a 
mandate!” “Yes,” anfwered Moreau ; “as a general, 
an officer, or a foldier, Moreau is always ready to ferve 
France.” The victory of Hohenlinden, Dec. 3, 1800, 
gave at once a flnifli to the refiftance of the emperor of 
Germany, and the laft wreath to the laurels of Moreau. 
When the peace of Luneville and the fubfequent treaty 
with England, enabled the French commanders to fettle 
at home, Moreau purchafed from Barras the eftate of 
Grolbois near Paris, and married mademoifelle Hulot, a 
lady from the Ifle of France. It was fuitable both to the 
fplendour of Moreau’s fervices and to the artful policy of 
Bonaparte, tofurround him with more eclat than belonged 
to the fituation of a private citizen ; but this affectation 
of attention did not impofe on Moreau, nor prevent him 
from regretting the accumulation of too much power in 
the hands of a reftlefs ufurper. He made no fcruple of 
expreffing his fentiments to his friends, and he went at 
laft fo far as to liften to the projects contrived to overlet 
Bonaparte. See the article France, p. 859. Bonaparte 
dilplayed on this occafion his ufual liypocrify; profeffing 
loudly his reluCtance to believe that Moreau was guilty, 
and obliging his wife to write the kindeft letters to ma- 
dame Moreau, at the moment when he was planning the 
downfall of her hufband. With a people fo changeable 
as the French, the exile of Moreau was fufficient to an- 
fwer the ufurper’s objeft, that of making this favourite 
general be forgotten by the army and the nation. 
Moreau remained in America eight years. In an evil 
hour he returned. The conl'equences we have already 
detailed under the article Loudon, vol. xiii. p. 34.4., 5. 
Mr. Paul Svinine, a Ruffian, who was appointed by the 
government to accompany Moreau from America, has 
publilhed “ Some Details,” which fhow how enthuflafti- 
cally he was received. We fhall make a few extrafts. 
“ On the 26th of July, we landed at Gottenburg. The 
firft vifit of the general was to the governor. He was 
afterwards difpofed to view the town, but the eagernefs 
of the multitude, and their demonftrations of joy, foon 
obliged him to give up the walk. During the few' days 
that general Moreau remained at Gottenburg, he bufied 
himfelf among his country-equipage, that is to fay, he 
caufed to be laid afide the greaterpart of his effeCls, to 
be forwarded to Ruffia, and referved only fome maps, 
of which he poflefl'ed a valuable collection, together with 
a few changes of linen. Few’ men were more limited 
than he was in perl'onal wants : he could do with¬ 
out every thing that was not ftriftly necefiary; and a 
fervant was, to him, almoft a fuperfluity. When I tef- 
tifled to him my great aftonifliment at feeing him lo in¬ 
dependent of all which conftitutes the indifpenfable 
neceffaries of exiftence, he anfwered, * Such ffiould be 
the life of a military man; he mull know how to bear 
the want of every thing; never be difcouraged by pri¬ 
vations; it is thus that we made war. The general in 
chief had fcarcely a Angle carriage. Our baggage never 
encumbered our march; and, on our retreat, we were 
never hampered with thofe numerous equipages which 
occafion the lofs of more men to an army than a retreat 
does.’ 
“ What I have faid of the manner in which Moreau 
was received in Sweden, fcarcely affords an idea of the 
reception given him in Pruffia: every one expreff'ed, in' 
his own way, the joy which his prefence caufed. The 
innkeepers refufed his money ; the poft-mafters furnilhed 
him their beft horfes; fcarcely did his carriage flop an 
Vol. XV. No. 1084. 
E A U. 7 97 
inftant ere it was furrounded by a multitude eager to 
lee him and applaud him. We entered Berlin at eight 
o’clock in the evening. As foon as the report was 
fpread of general Moreau’s arrival in that capital, the 
ftreets which terminated at his hotel, and the rampart 
which fronted it, were Ailed by a great multitude, who 
teftiAed their joy by huzzas a thoufand times repeated. 
We quitted Berlin next day at noon, accompanied by a 
ftill more conftderable multitude than that which had 
welcomed us the evening before. » 
“ On our wav, we found, in each town and village, 
deferters from the French army, moftly Germans and 
Italians, who all begged to ferve among the allied troops. 
Among them we found a Angle veteran who had ferved 
under Moreau; the reft were all very young. This 
brave man recognized, with tears in his eyes, his former 
general ; and allured him that his memory was deeply 
engraven in the hearts of the French loldiers,' and alia 
that Napoleon was fo fenfible of this, that he had for¬ 
bidden, under pain of death, that any one ffiould utter 
the name of Moreau in the army ; and had declared that 
nothing .was more falfe than the rumour of his arrival 
on the continent. The veteran added, that there now 
remained very few foldiers who had fought in the former 
campaigns on the Rhine; that the greater part had pe- 
riffled in Ruffia, and that the fmall number of thofe who 
had efcaped that difaftrous campaign, was daily dimi- 
nilhing, on account of the neceffity which exifted of 
placing the veterans in front, in order to animate and 
fuftain the boys of whom the greater part of Bonaparte’s 
army was compofed.” 
The farther journey of Moreau, and his interview with 
the emperor Alexander, are next defcribed, but in a 
tone, it muff: be confefl'ed, of conliderable exaggeration. 
M. Svinine, however, performs an ufeful fervice in cor- 
refting the common notion that the proclamation dated 
17th Auguft 18x3, and faid to be Agned by Moreau in 
the capacity of Major-general in the Ruffian fervice, pro¬ 
ceeded from the p.en of that commander. At the date 
in queftion, Moreau was at Prague, and had moreover 
ftipulated with the emperor Alexander that he Ihould 
merely attend his perl'on, without bearing any oftenAble 
title. Another error of more importance is the notion 
that the plan of the campaign of 181-3, and particularly 
of the attack on Drefden, was formed by Moreau, who 
had in fa ft arrived at head-quarters only on the 16th, 
the evening before the rupture of the armiftice. 
Moreau had always been in the habit of expoling him¬ 
felf to perfonal danger "; and the lapfe of years l'eems to 
have made very little alteration in this part of his chu- 
rafter: “ The attack on Drefden (fays M. Svinine) com¬ 
menced at four o’clock in the afternoon, 26th Auguft, 
and towards evening became very ferious ; the town was 
feen to be on Are in. twelve places. At eight o’clock, 
the general made a Agn tp me to follow him, and we 
defeended into the valley, where the Auftrian cavalry 
was ranged in order of battle. He went along the front 
of the columns with the greateft rapidity, in the midft 
of bullets and bombs which fell on all fides, and Hopped 
only to fpeak to general Chateler, who received him with 
every demonftration of the molt lively intereft and re- 
fpeft. The general then moved further in advance, to 
reconnoitre the batteries of the enemy. We ever ex¬ 
perience, when near a hero, a feeling of affurance; this 
l'entiment, in the prefent inftance, hindered me from 
reflefting on the perils that furrounded me; but, feeing 
with what temerity Moreau expofed himlelf, and feeling 
of what high value his life was to us, I warmly expreff'ed 
to him my fears, conjuring him to think on the deep for- 
rpw which would be fpread among the allies by the lofs 
of a man on whom fo many of their hopes relied, tie 
lillened to me, and refolved to return and be near the 
emperor. We were lighted on our way by the flames 
of Drefden then burning, and by the exploAon of the 
bombs which fell at fome diftance from us. We found 
9 R the. 
