METAPHYSICS. 
to examine the field of Knowledge a priori, 
214; confidered the queftion infolvable, 
How are Metaphyfics poffible? 215; his 
doubt radically removed, 22a; his Crux 
Metaphyftcorum, ibid, the complete folu- 
• tion of his problem, reflores their origin 
a priori to the pure conceptions of under- 
ftanding, (Categories,) ibid, his arguments 
againft Deifm are weak, but his objec¬ 
tions againft Theifm are very ftrong, 232 ; 
his Philo againft Cleanthes, 233; over¬ 
looked this principle, to confider the field 
of Experience as bounded in the eye of 
Reafon by another field, 237. 
Id ca defined, 203. 
Ideal of Pure Reafon, 231. 
Idealifm implies, that nothing but thinking 
beings exift, 218. 
Ideas are as completely grounded in the 
Faculty of Reafon as the Categories are in 
UnderfUnding, 226; Psychoiogical, 
Cosmological, and Theoiocical, 
227; are not of any ufe with refpeft to 
Experience as the Categories arq, ibid, how- 
generated, 240 ; and their complete num¬ 
ber Rated, ibid, 
Illufion confifts in taking a fubjefl'me 
ground of a Judgment fur an ob)efiive one, 
226. 
Internal Senfe, defined, 204; is the power 
to make our own reprefentations the ob¬ 
jects of our thoughts, 206. 
Introduction to Metaphyfics, 198. 
Intuition a priori is the form of the Sensi¬ 
tive Faculty, and lies in us antece¬ 
dently to all impreftion of objefts, 216; 
Time and Space are thofe intuitive forms 
which pure Mathematics lay down as a 
foundation to all their judgments, ibid. 
Intuition, a fenfible reprefentadon or pheno¬ 
menon, 200 ; either internal or external, 
204; muft always have the matter pre- 
fent, Ibid, without conception, is blind, 
ibid, depends upon the immediate prefence 
of an objeft, 216; takes place by means 
of Senfe, 218. 
Invention in the Mathematics may go on to 
infinity, 232. 
Judgments in general, defined, 204. 
judgments of Experience are always Synthe¬ 
tical, 213 ; of Mathematics are always 
Synthetical, ibid, they have objective vali¬ 
dity, whereas Judgments of .Ipprehenfion 
have merely fubjefiive validity, 220 ; re¬ 
quire to be claff'ed under the Catego¬ 
ries, while thofe of Apprehenfion require 
merely logical connexion, ibid. 
Judgments, all, are firft Judgments of Ap¬ 
prehenfion, which are only valid for 
eacii individual, hut, beingfubfumpted un¬ 
der the Cate gories, they become objec¬ 
tive, and univerfaliy valid, 220. 
Kant has inveftigated the nature of Time it- 
felf, 202; has thoroughly diffefted the 
human mind, and difcovered all its Ele¬ 
ments, ibid, is the true father of Specula¬ 
tive Philofophy, 203 ; his difeovery of the 
twelve Categories, ibid, his Catego¬ 
ries compared with Ariftotle’s, ibid, his 
three great works; 1. Critic op Pure 
Speculative Reason; 2. Critic of 
J udgm ent; 3. Critic of Pu re Prac¬ 
tical Reason, 204; his name fheds a 
glory on the eighteenth century, ibid, the 
moft enlightened and diftinguiihed fuccef- 
for of Locke and Leibnitz, 206 ; oppofed 
to Leibnitz in his twenty-fecond year, 
ibid, in him we have the man Bacon com¬ 
plained could not be found in his time, 
ibid, his improvements on Aiiftotle’s Lo- 
giq, ibid, deftined to be the founder of 
Transcendental Philosophy, ibid, 
the greateft fpeculative philofopber the 
world ever produced, 207 ; he might have 
faid with Cicero, that during his life he 
was but little known, but after his death 
his Glory would fpread over the whole 
earth, 208 ; his fuccefs in the folution of 
Hume’s problem, 210; fays it coft him 
many years’ labour to folve this one pro¬ 
blem. How are Synthetical pofttions a priori 
poffible ? 215; bis mode of inveftig'athig 
the pure Elements of Knowledge, 225 ; He 
fays, <e And now the pure conceptions of Un- 
derjlanding Jprung up, and I became quite 
certain that thefe entirely conftituted the 
very Understanding itfelf,” ibid- “ I 
called them, as might be expefted, Cate- 
„ goriesf ibid. “ I found the origin of the 
Categories in the four logical funftions 
of Judgments of Undemanding, and the 
Ideas of Reafon in the three funftions of 
a rational conclufion,” 226. 
Knowledge is an Intuition joined to a Concep¬ 
tion, 205; the only Knowledge that can 
be termed metap'nyfical, 212; how is it 
poffible to diftinguifh the different kinds 
of it, 226 ; defined, 239. 
Law of States, of Nations, and Cofmopoliti- 
cal, 208. 
LegiQation of Nature lies in us, 224. 
Leibnitz ; at the age of twenty-two, Kant 
oppofed the philofophy of this great man, 
206. 
Liberty, whiefijs the quality of a power to 
commence an event of itfelf, is the grand 
objeft of metaphyfical inveftigation, 230. 
Man is born a Metaphysician, 198 ; 
occupies two ftations at once ; he is both 
a being of Nature, and a being free from 
Nature, ibid, and in his moral capacity 
obedient only to the laws of his own 
Reafon, ibid, as an intelligence he is out 
of Time and Space, confequently not in¬ 
fluenced by the Phenomena, 199 ; con- 
feious he ought to obey the Moral Law, 
and that he pofleffes full power fo to do, 
ibid, his real deftination, 199; confifts 
of two parts, the one Animal, the other 
Rational, 199; confidered as homo phenome¬ 
non, is a part of nature, but, confidered as 
homo noumenon, he is out of nature, ibid, is 
not accountable for having defires and 
inftinfts, but he certainly is for the un¬ 
due indulgence of them, 200 ; is the au¬ 
thor of the Moral Law by virtue of his 
Praftical Reafon, ibid, is conftantly aftu- 
ated by two principles, viz. Happinefs and 
Virtue, ibid, has views and ends of fo fub- 
lime a nature, that they infinitely furpafs 
the fulfilment of all his animal defires, 
ibid, at the prefent moment of his exiftencc, 
he is a finally a member of the Moral World, 
ibid, is the natural judge of himfelf, for 
he either acquits or condemns himfelf in his 
own Conscience, ibid, confidered as de¬ 
terminable by Reafon, is not thought as 
an objeft of Sense, but as a thing in itfelf, 
(r.oumenon,) 230 ; determined to aftion by 
Senfe, he is not free, but, determined by 
Reason, he is free, 230. 
Map of the human Mind, according to Kant, 
206. 
Mathematical Judgment^ are always Synthe¬ 
tical, though this has elcaped the obferva- 
tion of the Analyzers of Human Reafon, 
2 ' 3 - 
Mathematical Knowledge differs from all 
other knowledge a priori in this, that it 
does not follow as a confequence from 
conceptions, but arifes from the conftruc- 
tion of conceptions, 214. 
Mathematics muft be diftinftly feparated 
from Philofophy, 206; pure intuitions « 
priori really form their bafis, 217 
Matter of Knowledge in general defined, 204. 
Metaphysics, defined, 198; in this fcience 
alone Reafon finds repofe, ibid, do nos 
81 § 
differ from Mathematics in the ftrength 
of their arguments but in the nature of 
their proofs, ibid, treat of God, of the Soul, 
of Free Will, of a future State, and of the 
Moral Law , 203; all prior to Kant muft 
for ever difappear, 207 ; of Law and Ethics, 
208 ; not only fatisfaftory and inftruftive, 
but really indifpenfable, ibid, their true 
objeft is the pruduftion of Knowledge 
a priori, 214; their poffibility depends 
upon Transcendental Philosophy, 
216; completely feparate the Ideas of 
Reafon from the Conceptions of Underftand- 
ing, 226 ; their very effence is the occu¬ 
pation of Reafon with itfelf, 226; without 
an enumeration and complete claffificatiors 
of all the conceptions arifing from the 
Knowing faculty, are a mere rhapfody, 
ibid, more than any other fcience, im¬ 
planted in us by nature itfelf, 232 ; clearly 
exhibited according to their fubjeftivs pof¬ 
fibility, 234; as a gift of nature, are found 
in every human mind, ibid, the “CniTic” 
alone contains the plan according to which 
Metaphyfics as a Science can be pro¬ 
duced; by any other means they are ut¬ 
terly imprafticable, ibid, are now attained, 
admit of no further difcovtries, and are that 
alone which can procure lofting fatlsfaSUon, 
to Reason, ibid, will always remain in 
the world, 235. 
Metaphyfics of Morals, comprehend the du¬ 
ties of man towards himfelf and towards- 
other men, 208, 
Mind defined, it confifts of three Original 
Faculties, Reason, Understanding, 
and Sense, 202; both a&ijue and pajftve, 
238. 
Modality confifts of Poffibility., Exiftence, 
and Neceffity, 239, 
Moral Law fays, “ Let us on all occafions bs 
morally good, whatever may be the con¬ 
fequence,” 2Go; the more ftriftly it com¬ 
mands, and the iefs it offers as a reward, 
the more fincerely do we reverence it,201; 
he alone ftiould participate of happinefa 
that lias rendered himfelf worthy of it, 
201; there can be no more doubt of the 
faft of the Moral Law. than of the faft of 
our Exiftence, ibid. 
Moral Perfeftion confifts in the Purity of 
the motives that determine Man to the 
performance of his Duty, 208. 
Moiality, its chief Principle, “ Aft in fuch 
a manner that the maxim of thy aftion be 
fit for an univerfal law,” 198; feat and 
origin of all our moral ideas found in 
Reafon alone, ibid, ail former attempts to 
difeover its principles failed, ibid, foon 
will be on a Jetter footing, 199; freed 
from the fallacious argument of the. 
Neceflitarian, ibid, fprings from Pure 
Practical Reason, ibid. 
Motive for the difeharge of our Duties, 201.' 
Natural Philofophy is ftriftiy confined to 
Time and Space, 198 5 it cannot aifpenfe 
with the teftimony of Experience, 226. 
Naturalift in Pure Reafon, 222. 
Nature, means the exiftence of things in as 
far as they are determined by univerfal 
laws, a 19; materially confidered, is dis¬ 
aggregate of all the objefts of experience, 
ibid .formally confidered, is the legitimacy 
of all the objefts in experience, ibid, how 
is it poffible ? 223. 
Nature and Liberty may both be attributed 
to Man, but viewed in two different 
lights ;, in the one as a Phenomenon, in the 
other as a thing in itfelf, Noumenon, 230. 
N.eceflitarians refuted by Tranfcendental 
Philofophy, 399. 
New Philofophy, not underftood, becaufe 
the reader fubftitutes his own thoughts 
for thofe of its author, 210. 
New 
