6 
M A C 
no occafion employ it againfi a Chinefe. The fenate of 
Macao is compofed of the governor, who is prefident, 
and three verendores , who are the auditors of the city 
finances ; but the molt important magiliracy is that of the 
procurator of the city, which is an intei mediate office be¬ 
tween the Portuguefe government and that of China. 
This office is for life; that of the governor is triennial; 
- and the other magiltrates are replaced every year. An 
appeal lies to Goa from all the decifions of the fenate. 
This city is rendered pleafant in appearance by the fine 
hotifes occupied by the lupercargoes of the different com¬ 
panies, obliged to winter here ; and their fociety enlivens 
the place. In the fenate-houfe, which is built of granite 
and two flories high, are leveral columns of the fame ma¬ 
terial, with Chinefe characters cut into them, fignifying 
a folemn ceffion of the place from the emperor of China 
to the Portuguele nation. This folid monument is, how¬ 
ever, an inl'ufficient guard againfi the encroachments of its 
Chinefe neighbours, who treat the Portuguele very cava¬ 
lierly ; exaCt duties fometimes in the port of Macao ; pu- 
nifh individuals within their walls for crimes committed 
againft Chinefe, particularly murder; and, what is not 
lefs offenfive to a Portuguefe, have fometimes marched 
with idolatrous proceffions through the town. Whenever 
refiftance is attempted againft fuch proceedings, the man¬ 
darine who commands in the little fort within fight of 
Macao, flops immediately the fupply of provifions from 
their market, until,they quietly fubmit. The Chinefe 
poflefs two temples of pagan worlhip at Macao ; one of 
them, at the fouthern extremity of the town, is curioufiy 
fituated among a confufed heap of huge mafles of granite. 
The earth in which thofe mafles appear to have originally 
been buried having been wafhed away, in the lapfe of 
time, by fucceliive Ihowers of violent rain, the rocks mult 
have tumbled promifcuoufly upon each other into the 
iituation in which they now appear. The temple conflfts 
of three diftinCt buildings, one above the other, and ac- 
ceffibie only by a winding flight of Iteps cut out of the 
folid rock. Thofe buildings are overfliadowed by trees of 
iuch thick foliage, as not to be vifible at a diftance. Of 
rocks brought together probably in like manner, is a cave 
a little below the loftieft eminence in the town, and called 
Camoens’s Cave, from a tradition current in the fettle- 
rnent, that the Portuguefe poet of that name, who had cer¬ 
tainly refided a confiderable time at Macao, wrote his ce¬ 
lebrated poem of the Lufiad in that fpot. This interefting 
cave is now in the middle of a garden belonging to a 
Kioufe where lord Macartney and two of his fuite refided 
for a fiiort time during the embafly, (fee the article China, 
vol. iv.) upon an invitation from one of the gentlemen 
of the factory, who dwelt in it when not called upon to 
be at Canton. This boufe and garden command a very 
extenfive profpeCt. In laying out the latter, none of its 
local advantages have been negleCted. It poflefies every 
■variety of furface, and contains a number of beautiful 
fhrubs and fruit-trees, growing in fuch apparent irregu¬ 
larity as to look like the fpontaneous production of the 
place. The walks are conduced along the various Hopes, 
amidrt groves and under hanging rocks; and thole walks 
meeting and eroding each other, increafe in eff&Ct, as 
to diverfity and recreation, the actual dimenfions of the 
ground. 
Oppofite to this garden, in the middle of the harbour, 
Is a fmall circular iiland, which belonged formerly to the 
Jefuits of Macao. On this iiland were ereCted a church, 
a college, and an obfervatory. This iiland is naturally 
romantic, and, like others in the neighbourhood of Macao, 
has molt of its lurface covered with huge rocks, tumbled 
In confufiou one upon another. Among thel’e a circular 
Ihaded path led to the fummit of the ifland, which is com¬ 
pletely conical. Round the bafe of this rocky cone is a 
band of belt of level ground, about thirty or forty yards 
in width, part of which was laid out for a botanical, and 
part for a kitchen, garden, and was well watered by 
fprings iiluing from the rocks. The whole iiland was de¬ 
fended from the fea by a parapet wall. All the improve* 
MAC 
ments fell tc decay with the fociety to which it belonged’^ 
and the place retains only now fome veliiges of its former 
beauties. The harbour in which this little ifland lies, is 
called the inner harbour, by way of contradiftinaion from 
the oppoiite or outer bay, more open to the lea, where 
ftiips are expofed to bad weather, efpecialiy during the 
north-eaft monfoon. It is the general obfervaiion of the 
mariners at Macao, that this outer bay has been gradu¬ 
ally growing ffiallower for feveral years. It opens, on one 
fide, into a bafon formed by four iflands, in which lord 
Anfon’s (hip lay formerly to be repaired ; but no fuch 
ftiip could enter into it at prefent. Staunton's Account of tile 
EmbaJJy , vol. ii. 
In the folio volume of plates annexed to the above 
work, there is a plan of the city and harbour of Macao ; 
containing references to all the forts, colleges, convents' 
and other public buildings, and places of note; and alfo 
the depth of water, and nature of the ground, in every 
part of the inner harbour, See. See. taken from an accu¬ 
rate furvey made by a gentleman long refident on the fpot. 
MACA'O (New), a feaport-town of Tonquin, at the 
bottom of a large bay, full of iflands. Lat. 21. 30. N-. 
Ion. 107. E. 
MACA'PA, a town of South America, in the govern¬ 
ment of Para, on the north bank of the river of the Ama¬ 
zons, nearly on the equinoctial line. Lon. 52. W. 
MACAR', [Gr. blefled.] In ancient hiltory, a fon of 
Criafius or Crinacus, the firft Greek who led a colony to 
Lefbos. His four foils took pofleffion of the four neigh¬ 
bouring iflands, Chios, Samos, Cos, and Rhodes, which 
were called the feats of theMacares, or the blefled. Dionvf. 
Hal. JJ 
MACARAGU'A, a town of the ifland of Cuba : forty- 
five miles north-weft of Havanna. 
MACARE'US, a fon of ^Eolus, who debauched his 
filter Canace, and had a fon by her. The father, being 
informed of the inceft, ordered the child to be expofed, 
and fent a fword to his daughter, and commanded her to 
deftroy herfelf. Macareus fled to Delphi, where he be¬ 
came prieft of Apollo. Ovid, 
MACA'RI, in geography. See Macri. 
MACA'RIA, a town on the weft coaft of the ifland of 
Metelin : ten miles weft of Metelin. 
MACA'RIA, a daughter of Hercules and Dejanira. 
After the death of Hercules, Euryltheus made war againlt 
the Heraclidae, whom the Athenians fupported ; and the 
oracle declared, that the defeendants of Hercules ftiould 
obtain the victory, if any one of them devoted himfelf to 
death. This was cheerfully accepted by Macaria, and the 
Athenians obtained a victory. Great honours \\ere paid 
to the patriotic Macaria, and a fountain of Marathon was 
called by her name. Paufanias. 
MACARIACAW' POI'NT, a cape on the eaft coaft 
of St. Vincent: three miles fonth of Young Point. 
MACA'RIANS, in ecclefialtical hiltory, the followers 
of Macarius, >an Egyptian monk, who was diftinguilhed, 
towards the dole of the fourth century, for his lanCtity 
and virtue. In his writings there are fome fuperftitious 
tenets, and alfo certain opinions that feerr. tainted with 
Origenilin.—The name has been alfo applied to thofe w-ho 
adopted the fentiments of Macarius, a native of Ireland, 
who, about the clofe of the ninth century, propagated in 
France the error afterwards maintained by Averrhoes, that 
one individual intelligence or foul performed the lpiritual 
and rational functions in all the human race. 
MAC'ARIS, an ancient name of Crete. 
MACA ? RISH, a town of Egypt: two miles .north-eaft 
of Benifuef. 
MACA'RIUS (St.), a celebrated Egyptian folitary in 
the fourth century, and known by the furname of the Elder , 
to diltinguilh him from the fubjeCt of the next article, is 
by lome authors faid to have been a native of the pro¬ 
vince of Thebes, and by others of Alexandria ; and has 
the date of his birth generally affigned to the year 301. 
He is commonly faid to have been a difciple of St. An¬ 
thony, the firft inftitutor of a monaftic life; and, when 
young* 
