o 
M A C 
copper ore in. Between this and the brafs-houfes Hands 
a large windmill for grinding the ore ; next is'the Balamy 
Houles, a large range of building one ftory high, where 
they walh and filter the ore feveral times over in running 
water. Next are the brafs-houfes, being a number of 
lofty buildings, where they make the ore into copper 
fheets for fhips, pan-bottoms, and brafs-wire, and they 
make large quantities of brafs nails; before thefe houfes 
are three large refervoirs of water for the fupply of the 
works, and a range of dwellihg-houfes for the work¬ 
men. At feme diltance from the copper-works is a large 
brewery, which is fupplied with water from the top of a 
hill much higher than the roof of the buildings, in the 
front of which runs the river Jordan, which takes its rife 
not two miles from this place. Acrofs the river is a corn- 
mill, which is fupplied by the fame ft ream, as are alfo 
nineteen filk-mills in lels than the coinpafs of a mile. 
Near the brewery is a handfome filk-faXory, with a clock 
in front. At the end of Jordan-gate is a ftone bridge of 
three arches called Beach-bridge. This town is fur- 
rounded with pleafant hills and fertile fields. Wilkes's Bri. 
tijh Dire dory. 
M AC'CLESFIELD SHO'ALS, (hoals or banks in the 
Eaftern Indian Sea; the depth of water, founded by 
Capt. Cook, fifty fathoms, over a bottom of white fand 
ihells. Lat. 15.20. to 16. 10. N. Ion. 113.40. to 114. 50. E. 
MACCO'VIUS, in biography. See Makouski. 
MACDON'ALD (Andrew), was the fon of George 
Donald, a gardener at Leith, where he was educated, 
chiefly by the afliftance of bifhop Forbes. For fome time 
be had the charge of a chapel at Glafgow ; in which city 
he publiflied a novel, entitled The Independent. He af¬ 
terwards came to London, prefixed Mac to his name, 
and wrote for the newfpapers. His works were lively, 
fatirical, and humorous; and were publifhed under the 
fignature of Matthew Bramble. He poffetted fome genius, 
and had improved liis underftanding with claflical and fei- 
entific knowledge; but, for the want of connexions in 
this part of the kingdom, and a proper opportunity to 
bring his talents into notice, he was always embarralled, 
and had occafionally to ftruggle with great and accumu¬ 
lated diftrefs. He died in the 33d year of his age, at 
‘Kentifh Town, in Auguft 1790, leaving a wife and infant 
daughter in a date of extreme indigence. * A volume of 
his Miscellaneous Works was publifhed in 1791, in which 
■were comprifed 5 The Fair Apoftate, a tragedy ; Love and 
Loyalty, an opera; the Princefs of Tarento, a comedy ; 
and Vimonda, a tragedy. Biog. Dramatica. 
MACE, f. A weapon formerly much ufed by the ca¬ 
valry of all nations, and likewife by ecclefiaftics, who, in 
coniequence of their tenures, frequently took the field, 
but were, by a canon, forbidden to wield the fword. 
The mace is commonly of iron ; and its figure much re- 
fembles a chocolate-mill. Many fpecimens may be feen 
in the Tower of London, and other armories. It was not 
out of ufe long after the invention of hand-guns; for we 
read of its having been ufed by mod nations little more 
than one hundred years ago ; and in fome fituations, it is 
Did they may be more ferviceable than fwords ; for, when 
they are guided by a ftrong arm, we find that the party 
llruck with them was either felled from his horfe, or, hav¬ 
ing his head-piece beat clofe to his head, was made to reel 
on his faddle, with the blood running plentifully. This 
kind of mace, which is the fihne as that ufed by the Turks, 
is improperly called by fome military writers the club of 
Hercules; the club given to that demi-god by the Gre¬ 
cian ffatuaries, being a huge knotty limb of a tree. Fa¬ 
ther Daniel has engraved two weapons, fhown in the ab¬ 
bey of Roncevaux, as the maces of thofe famous heroes 
of romance, Roland and Oliver, who are faid to have 
lived in the time of Charlemagne. One is a large ball of 
iron, fattened with three chains to a ftrong truncheon, or 
ftaff, about two feet long ; the other is of mixed metal, 
in the form of a channelled mtlon, fattened alfo to a ftaff 
. Vol. XIV. No, 953. 
MAC 1 
by a triple chain ; thefe balls weigh eight pounds. At 
the end of both the Haves are rings for holding-ends, or 
leathers to fatten them to the hand. Contrivances like 
thefe, except that the balls were armed with fpikes, were 
long carried by the pioneers of the trained bands, or city 
militia : they are generally called morning Jlars. The morn¬ 
ing ftar, or Morgan Jlern, was a weapon formerly ufed for 
the defence of trenches. It was a large itaff, banded 
about with iron, like the Ihaft of a halbert, having an 
iron ball at the end, with crois iron fpikes. At prefent 
the mace is generally made of the precious metals, and 
highly ornamented, and ufed as an emblem of the autho¬ 
rity of the officers of Hate before whom it is carried. 
MACE, f. in commerce, a fmall gold coin, current in 
Sumatra, and fome other Ealt-India iflands. It weighs 
nine grains, and is worth about i4d. (terling. Sixteen 
mace are equal 64copangs =4 pardows — a tale; and 2500 
fmall pieces of tin or lead, called calhes, ufually pals for 
a mace. 
MACE, f. in the materia medica, the fecond coat or 
covering of the kernel of the nutmeg, is a thin membra¬ 
naceous lubftance, of a yellowiffi Colour ; being met with 
in flakes of an inch or more in length, which are divided 
into a multitude of ramifications. It is of an extremely 
fragrant, aromatic, and agreeable, flavour ; and of a plea- 
fanr, but acrid oleaginous, tafte. 
Oil of Mace, is a kind of febaceous matter, faid to be 
expreiled from the nutmeg, and appearing to be a mixture 
of the grofs febaceous matter of the nutmeg with a little 
of the effential or aromatic oil; both which may be per- 
feXly feparated from one another by maceration or digel- 
tion in reXified fpirit, or by diftillation with water. The 
heft fort of this oil is brought from the Ealt Indies in 
ftone jars, and is fomewhat loft, of a yellow colour, -and 
of a ftrong agreeable fmell, much refembling that of the 
nutmeg itfelf. There is another fort brought from 
Holland in folid mattes, generally flat, and ot a fquare 
figure, of a paler colour, and much weaker fmell. Lewis's 
Mat. Med. 
MACE (Francis), a learned French prieft, was de- 
fcended from a refpeXable family, and born at Paris about 
the year 1640. Being defigned for the church, he pirrfued 
his (tudies in the univerfity of his native city, where he 
was admitted to the degree of bachelor of divinity by the 
faculty of the Sorbonne. It was leveral years, however, 
before he entered into holy orders; and his firft employ¬ 
ment was that of fecretary to the council for managing the 
domains and finances of the queen, confort to Louis XIV. 
In the year 1685, when he had taken deacon’s orders, he 
was appointed canon, veftry-keeper, and reXor, of the 
royal collegiate and parochial church of St. Opportune 
at Paris; and foon afterwards he was ordained prieft. 
Though by no means negleXful of profane literature, he 
applied himielf chiefly to the ftudy of the Scriptures, 
Chriftian morals, and ecclefiaftical hittory; and produced 
various works which refleX credit on his learning and his 
piety. He potteffed excellent pulpit-talents, which he fre¬ 
quently exercifed, and with great approbation. In his pri¬ 
vate charaXer he was as much refpeXed for his virtues, as 
he was in the world for his literature and rank. He died 
in 1 721, when turned of eighty years of age. Among 
other efteemed works, he was the author of, j. A Chro¬ 
nological, Hiftorical, and Moral, Abridgment of the Old 
and New Teftament, 1704, in 2 vols. 4to. 2. Scriptural 
Knowledge, reduced into four Tables, 1708, 4to. 3. The 
Hittory of the four Ciceros, 1715, urao. abounding in 
learned and curious enquiries, and intended to prove, 
from the tettimony of Greek and Latin hiftorians, that the 
ions of Cicero were as illuttrious as their father. 4. Me¬ 
lanie ; or, the Charitable Widow : a pofthumous publica¬ 
tion, which was received with much applaufe. Our au¬ 
thor alfo left behind him feveral manuferipts, of which an 
account is given by Moreri. 
MACE (Thomas), one of the clerks of Trinity-college, 
£ Cambridge, 
