40 
M A C 
“ paftor of the people,” a title which he gives to Aga¬ 
memnon and the other kings. Paufanias mentions three 
other Ions of Machaon, namely, Sphyrus, Alexanor, and 
Polemocrates, who are fuppofed to have been the fruit of 
another marriage. M. Goulin, in his literary and critical 
memoirs, Hates his opinion, that the birth of Machaon 
may be fixed about the year of the world 21765. 
MACHAU', a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Ko- 
nigingratz : eight miles fouth-weft of Branaw. 
MACHAVA'NA, a river of Africa, which runs into 
the Indian Sea in lat. 26. 45. S. 
MACHAU'LT, a town of France, in the department 
of the Ardennes.- ten miles fouth-eaft of Rethel, and nine 
fouth-weft of Vouziers. 
MACHAU'LT (James de), a French Jefuit, was a na¬ 
tive of Paris, where he was born in the year 1599. He 
entered on his noviciate in his eighteenth year ; and, after 
having finiftied the ufual courfe of academic iiudies, he 
was felected to teach, firlt polite literature, then philofo- 
phy, and for feveral years divinity, in different feminaries 
belonging to the order. He was fucceflively reftor of the 
colleges at Alenfon, Orleans, and Caen ; and died at 
Paris in 1680, when in the 81ft year of his age. Befides 
lome practical and devotional trails, he was the author 
of feveral publications, which, at the time of their firft 
appearance mult have been peculiarly interelting, and will 
yet be found to furnilh the reader with curious and enter¬ 
taining matter, notwithftanding the very ample and par¬ 
ticular accounts which have been more lately publiflied 
by the Jefuit miflionaries. Such are, x. An Account of 
the Millions in Paraguay, and other Parts of South Ame¬ 
rica, 1636, 8vo. 2. A Relation of the State of Affairs in 
Japan, 1646. 3. Account of the Provinces of Goa, Ma¬ 
labar, &c. 1651. 4. Account of the Kingdom of Co- 
chinch.ina, 1652. 5. A Relation of the Travels of twen¬ 
ty.five Members of the Society of the Indian Million, 1659. 
6. Account of the Million of the Society in Perfia, of the 
fame date. 7. An Account of the Kingdoms of Madura, 
Tanjore, Sec. 1663. Sotvelli BiUl. Script. Soc. Jef. 
MACHBA'NEAH, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
MACHECOU'L, a town of France, and principal place 
of adiftiidf, in the department of the Lower Loire. The 
number of inhabitants is 1899: eighteen miles fouth-weft 
of Nantes, and thirty north of Sables d’Olonne. Lat. 47. N. 
Ion. x. 44. W. 
MACHER'LA, a town of Hindooftan, in Palnaud : 
fix miles fouth-weft of Timerycotta. 
MACH'ERN, a town of Pruffia, in Nantangen : twenty- 
five miles fouth of Raftenburg. 
MACHER'RY, a town of Hindooftan, in the country 
of Mewat: twenty-four miles ealt of Cotputly, and fe- 
venty fouth-fouth-weit of Delhi. Lat. 27. 35. N. Ion. 
77.15. E. 
MACH'ESIN, oi'Machisin, a town of Aliatic Turkey, 
in the province of Diarbekir: 105 miles fouth-eaft of Raca. 
MA'CHI, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
MACHl'A, a town of Naples, in the county of Molife : 
twelve miles fouth-weft of Molife.—A town of Naples, in 
the Capitanata: ten miles north-north-weft of Volturara. 
-—A town of Naples, in Calabria Citra : five miles north 
of Bifignano.—A town of Naples, in Principato Citra, 
on the coalt: fifteen miles fouth of Capaccio. 
MACHl'A di MU'RA, a town of Naples, in Capita- 
11 ata : three miles fouth of Viefte. 
MACHIAN', one of the Molucca Illands, in the 
Eaftern Indian Sea, near the weft coaft of Gilolo. It is 
only about eighteen miles in circumference, but populous. 
The Dutch have three forts, with agarrifon of foldiers. The 
principal articles of commerce are cloves and fago. It is 
Jituated a little to the north of the line, in Ion. 127. 21. E. 
MACHIA'NA, an ifland at the mouth of the river of 
the Amazons, about thirteen miles long, and three broad, 
a little to the fouth of the line, in Ion, 57. 2. W. 
MA'CHIAS, a port of entry, poft-town, and feat of 
juflice, in Wafhington-county, diitrift of Maine, frtuated 
MAC 
on a bay of its own name, twenty miles fouth-weft of 
Pafiamaquoddy, ninety-five eaft-by-north of Penobfeot, 
236 north-eaft of Portland, and 400 north-eaft of Bofton ; 
in lat. 47. 37. N. It is a thriving place, and carries on a 
confiderable trade to Bofton and the Weft Indies in fifh 
lumber, See. The name of the town is altered from the 
Indian name Mechijes, given to the river in the oldeft maps. 
Early attempts were made to fettle here ; but the firft per¬ 
manent fettlement was made in 1763, by fifteen perfons of 
both fexes from Scarborough, in Cumberland county ; and 
in 1784 the town was incorporated. The chief fettle- 
ments are at the Ealt and Weft Falls, and at Middle river. 
At Weft Falls the county courts are held, and the gaol is 
eredted there. The main channel of the river takes its 
courfe to thefe falls, which, though crooked and narrow 
admits veffels of burden to load at the wharfs within fifty 
rods of the mills. This advantage no other part of the 
town can enjoy. The entrance ot Machias river is in lat. 
44.35.N. Ion. 66. 56. W. The rown is divided into four 
diftridts for the fupport of fchools; and into two for the 
convenience of public worftiip. In 1792, Walhington- 
academy was eftablilbed here. The exports of Machias 
con lift principally of lumber, viz, boards, ftingles, clap¬ 
boards, laths, and various kinds of hewed timber. The 
cod-fiffiery might be carried on to advantage, though it 
has been greatly neglefled. The mill-faws, of which 
there are feventeen, cut on an average three million feet 
of boards annually. A great proportion of timber is ufu- 
ally fhipped in Britifti veffels. The total amount of ex¬ 
ports annually exceeds 15,000 dollars. From Machias 
Bay to the mouth of St. Croix, there are a great many 
fine illands ; but the navigation is generally without theis 
in the open fea." In the year 1704, when colonel Church 
made an attack on the French plantation on the river 
Schoodick, he found one Lutterdle, a French nobleman 
on one of thefe illands, and removed him. The illand 
ftill retains his name. 
Machias was taken by the Britilh in September 1814 ; 
and the capture was at that time confidered of importance, 
becaufe, with the acquifition of Penobfeot Bay made juft 
before, it embraces 100 miles of fea-coaft, and includes 
that intermediate tradt of country which feparates the 
province of New Brunfwick from Lower Canada. 
MACH'IAVjRL (Nicholas), a celebrated Italian poli¬ 
tical writer and hiftorian, was born of a good family, at 
Florence, in 1469. He firft diltinguilhed himfelf as a dra¬ 
matic writer, and produced plays that were adled with 
great applaufe at Rome. Soon after he had entered pub¬ 
lic life, he was fuppofed to have participated in a confpi- 
racy againft the houfe and family of Medici; but, being 
put to the torture, he had the fortitude to endure it with¬ 
out uttering the flighted: confeflion, and was fet at liberty. 
He was afterwards raifed to high honours in the ftate 
and became fecretary to the republic of Florence, the du¬ 
ties of which high office he performed with great fidelity. 
He was likewife employed in embaffies to king Louis XII. 
of France; to the emperor Maximilian ; to the college of 
cardinals; to the pope, Julius II. and to other Italian 
princes. Notwithftanding the revenues which muft have 
accrued to him in thele important fituations, he left a 
large family at his death in a ftate of indigence; a cir- 
cumftance that proves he had adfed with integrity, and 
that the love of money had no influence on his mind. 
He died in 1530. Belides his plays, his chief works are, 
1. The Golden Afs, in imitation of Lucian and Apuleius. 
2. Difcourfes on the Firft Decade of Livy. 3. A Hiftory 
of Florence. 4. The Life of Caftruccio Caftracani. 5. A 
Treatife on the Military Art. 6. A Treatife on the Emi¬ 
gration of the Northern Nations. 7. A treatife entitled 
“ Del Principe,” the Prince. This famous treatife was 
firft publiflied in 1515, and was intended as a lequel to 
his difcourfes on the firft decade of Livy, which difcourfes 
are replete with juft and profound reiledtions on the prin¬ 
ciples of popular government, and exhibit him as a warm 
friend of liberty; but “The Prince” has been generally 
'regarded 
