44 
M A C 
cabled for the exterior of buildings? while the pietra Jenna 
fliould only be employed for the interior.. 
The upper firata in the macigno-quamea are more 
clayey than the others; they refiit the action of the fire 
fufficiep.tly well? fo that they are made ufe of for the con. 
flrncfion of furnaces and hearths. The fame hills exhibit 
it rata or beds, fome of which are of a left foiicl texture 
than the maeigno, and appear often to be nothing but 
•indurated clay; thefe layers are called barddhm. _ The 
others, on the contrary, are much harder than reocigno; 
they arc of a white comur, and bear the name of pktra 
forte. This latter is the done which is employed for paving 
the frreets of Florence, Ferberis of opinion, that the two 
kinds of m a eigne, together with the bardellm and the 
pi dr a forte, are varieties of one and the fame rock? in which 
clay, calcareous earth, and mica, are by turns predomft 
Rating. The pidra fork varies as much a? the maeigno 
with regard to colour; it is often greyiftt or bHriffi.yellow, 
and fometlmes thefe two colours 'are even united in the 
fame piece, in the quarry of Campc-ra, situated two miles 
from Florence, and yielding the done? with which the 
fireets of Florence are paved, the pietra forte is difpofed 
in horizontal layers that have only a few inches in thick’ 
nefs, and are fometimeg feparated ’from each other by fsmi® 
lar layers of bardellone; and not unfrequently a cruft of 
calcareous/par, of about a line in (hicknefs, intervenes 
between the latter and the pietra forte- Ferber fuppofes, 
that it is this calcareous fubfiance which, by penetrating 
into a layer of bardellone, converts it into pietra forte, 
it is in thefe macigno hills that the beautiful varieties 
,of marl, exhibiting landfcapes, ruins, &c, and known by 
4ha name of Florentine marble , are found, 
i\ IA C' IL F N CY;f [from madimtf] Lean nefs, 
hi AC'I LENT, ad], fwaciientus, Lst -1 Fean, 
MACINTOSH, s county of America, In the lower 
tliitrici of Georgia, between Liberty and Glynn counties, 
on the Alatsmaha river, It is divided into four towns, 
and contains *66© inhabitants, of whom 1819 arc Haves, 
MA'CIS, a name fometinies given to Mount Ararat. 
MACKAL'LY, a town of Bengal, thirty.five miles 
fouth-fouth-eaft of Moorlhedabad, 
MACKA P UN ' GA, a river of North Carolina, -which 
runs into Pamlico Sound in lat. 35. a6. N, Ion, 76.43, W. 
MACKENZELL', a town of Germany, in the bifttoprie 
of Fulda s nine miles north-esft of Fulda, and two fputh* 
call of Hunefieid, 
MACKENZIE (Sir George), an eminent Scotch law. 
yer and mifceilarieous writer, defended from a branch of 
the noble family of Seaforth, was born at Dundee in 1636, 
He ftudied at the univerfities of Aberdeen and St. An. 
draw's; and, having nnUhed the ufual courfe of daffies 
and philofophy at the age of fixteen, he was removed to 
Bourges in France, where lie palled three years in the 
study of the civil law. On his return to Scotland, he was 
admitted to the bar, and foon became a diftinguiflred 
pleader. In 166* he was advocate for the marquis of At'. 
gyle, impeached of high treafon; and (poke with a bold, 
pefs which drew upon him a reprimand from the bench, 
He was, not long after, railed to a feat on that bench in 
the criminal court, A ferviee which he rendered to the 
court in 1674, by effecting a reconciliation between the 
Jcrd6 of feffion and the faeul ty of advocates, caufed him 
to be knighted, made king's' advocate, and one of the 
lords of the privy council m Scotland, At this period 
great tumult and conftifion prevailed in that kingdom 
from the contefts between fanatieiftn on one fide, and a 
fpirit of tyranny on the other; and the poft of king's ad. 
vocate, analogous to that of attorney.gencral in England, 
but with greater powers, was equally important and arduous, 
Sir George, who had embraced the court-doHrine of padivg 
obedience, was well inclined to put the laws enforcing fob* 
million to the nwgiftrate into Itrhft execution; and by his 
y.eul in this refpeA, he obtained from the covenanters the 
title of the " bfood-thirfty advocate, and perfecutor of the 
hints of God." Yes it appears that he introduced into 
M A C 
the form ef criminal trials fevers! alterations favourable 
to the aceftfed ; and that, far from endeavouring to ex¬ 
tend the power of his office, he confiderably retrenched it; 
When James II. abrogated the penal laws, fir George, 
who was fincerely attached to the proteftant religion in 
the epifcopal form, refigned his office, It was, however, 
reftored to him when that prince had been convinced of 
the neceffity. of purfuing different ;m»afurea 5 and he firmly 
adhered to his reader's intereft in fubfequent change, 
He oppofed in council the propofed add refs from Scot¬ 
land to the prince of Orange oh his landing in j<s§& } ami 
wrote a Memorial to that prince, exhorting him to adhere 
to the terms of his Declaration. At the convention of thy 
©dates, he argued warmly agalnft the declaration of a va¬ 
cancy in the throne, and the election of William for fbve* 
reign ; and, when he found his reft fiance ineffectual, he 
retired to Oxford, where he was admitted a (indent. H© 
died in London in May j 6 $i, and was hurled with un¬ 
common funeral honours in the church-yard of the Grey 
Friarg, in Edinburgh. He was twice married, and left 
feveral children. 
The character of fir George Mackenzie Hands high for 
learning and talents, and .‘or public and private worth. 
His political principles will of courfe be differently judged 
of by the oppofite parties; but his Integrity and good in. 
tentmns feem unqucftionable. In the midft of all his 
public bufmefs he iound ieifure to compote feveral literary 
pieces, among , which are, t, Aretino, or a Serious Ro¬ 
mance, a, Rdigio gtoici, 3. A moral Effay on Solitude, 
4,. Moral Gallantry, g. A play, and fame poems, Theft 
piece? gave him the reputation of an elegant writer and 
found moralift, As a lawyer, he publiffied, 6, A Hift 
courfe upon the Laws and Cuftomg of Scotland, in Mat¬ 
ters criminal. 7, Idea Eloquent!® forenfis hodiern*©, una 
cum Adione forenfi ex unaquaqne Juris Parte. 8, The, 
Inftitutione of the Laws ot Scotland, 9, Qbfemtians 
•upon the A#§ of Parliament, As an advocate for mo¬ 
narchy, he wrote, j@, jus Regium, or the juft and ft!id 
Foundation of Monarchy in general, and more efpecially 
of the Monarchy of Scotland; and fevera! other pieces, 
As an antiquarian and national hiftorian, he wrote, si, 
Obfervations on the Laws and Cuftoms of Nations as to 
Precedency; with the Science of Heraldry, as Part of the 
Law of Nations, A Defence of the’Royal Line and 
Antiquities of Scotland, The latter treatift involved him 
in a eoutrpverfy with Dr, Lloyd biffiop of St. Afaph, and 
Dr. gtillingfftet. He wrote a work Jikewift, 13, Reflec¬ 
tions upon the Advantages and Difadvantages that 
would happen by an incorporating Union between th© 
two Kingdoms, Befides thefe, fevera! moral and mifteft 
laneous freatitea iffued from his pen, which demonftrated 
the fertility and variety of big fpeculatians,. and his ant. 
nete as a writer on almoft all topics, He was the founder 
of the advocates* library in Edinburgh, Bits, Bril, 
MACKENZIE’S JUV'RR, on the north-weft p^t of 
America, rifes in Slave-lake, runs a nortlvnorth-weft 
courfe, and after receiving a number of large rivers, dift 
charges itftif into the North 8ea at Whale-Bland, j n lat, 
69.54. N. and between ion. 139. and 13$. W, its courfo 
from Slave-lake having been 780 miles, It derives its 
name from Mr, Mackenzie, who afeended this river in tho 
fummer of 1789. The Indian natives inhabiting tise weft 
fide of the river from the giavedake, are the Strong bow. 
Mountain, and Hare, Indians; tfiaft on the eaft fide, the 
. Beaver, Inland, Nathana, and Quarrefterg, 
JVIACK/EKEI« J- [moeAereel, Dut. wanner say, f‘r, j A 
fea-fifn, See the article ScoMertR .—-Mackerel may be fold 
on a Sunday, by flat, 10 and it Will, ill, c,34, 39, 
Law order’d that the Sunday fnouid have reft 3 
And that no nymph her noffy food fliouid fell. 
Except it were new milk or mathml, King's Cook, 
MACKEREL-GATE, /, A gentle breeze ; 
They put up every fail," 
The wind was fair, but blew a mackerel-gale, Dryeka, 
MACK'EREL- 
