64 
MAC 
cal, -its ftalk much longer than the corolla. A tree with 
hairy branches. The leaves are from one to two feet long, 
elliptic-obovate. Corymbs fhort and denfe, difpoled in 
very long duffers ; one flower in each corniyb is furniflied 
with a very large elliptical long-ftalked fcarlet calycine ap¬ 
pendage, looking, at firft light, like a braftea to each. 
The corolla is fmooth,its limb nearly as long as its tube. 
Found at Trinidad by Von Rohr. 
5. Macrccnemum ftriftum : flowers in little denfe 
round axillary heads, Ihorter than the footftalks. The 
branches are fmooth and angular. Leaves only two or 
three inches long, elliptical, pointed ; flowers final!, with¬ 
out calycine bradeas. Native of Bengal. 
MACROCO'LUM, or Macrocol'lum, /. [Gr. of 
ftxxpo;, large, and xoWcta, I join.] Among the Romans, 
the largeft kind of paper then in ule. It meafured flxteen 
inches, and frequently two feet. 
MA'CROCOSM,/ [from the Greek [Auxgog, large, and 
xccr^of, the world.] The whole world, or vifible fyftem ; 
in oppolition to man, who is ftyled the microcofm. 
MACRODESPOU'R, a town of Bengal: twenty miles 
eaft-fouth-eaft of Kiflienagur. 
MACRO LO'BIUM,/ [fo named, as profefior Martyn 
fuggefts, from having one of the petals very long in pro¬ 
portion to the other; but rather from the Gr. p.«x§o{, 
large, and to j3o?, a pod ; the large feed-veffel molt evi¬ 
dently warranting fuch an application of the name, which 
was given by Schreber with Aublet’s plates before him.] 
In botany, a genus of the clafs triandria, order monogynia, 
natural order of lomentacese, (leguminofas, JnJf.) The ge¬ 
neric characters are—Calyx : perianth double ; outer two¬ 
leaved ; leaflets oppofite, ovate-oblong, faltened to the 
bale of the inner; inner one-Ieafed, turbinate, fliort; 
mouth oblique, five-toothed. Corolla: five-petalled, un¬ 
equal; upper petal very large, upright, clawed, oblong, 
blunt, concave, waved, inferted into the inner perianth ; 
lower petals four, final], ovate, fpreading, fattened to the 
inner perianth above. Stamina: filaments four, inferted 
into the inner perianth; one (hort, barren, under the great 
petal; three very long, filiform, anther-bearing, fattened 
below the fmaller petals ; antherae four-cornered. Pif- 
tillum: germ pedicelled, ovate; ftyle filiform; fligma 
blunt. Pericarpium : legume ovate, comprelTed, coria¬ 
ceous, one-celled. Seed : fingle, roundifli, comprelfed. 
~~E.JJev.tial CharaEler. Calyx double; outer two-leaved ; 
inner one-leafed ; petals five ; upper very large, the four 
others very fmall, equal; germ pedicelled. 
Species. 1. Macrolobium vouapa: leaves binate; legume 
fharp on one fide, and two-winged. This is a tree fixty 
feet high, very much branching at the top, with i’cattered 
branches and branchlets. The leaves are alternate, green, 
Itrong, and thick ; oval, and terminated by a long point ; 
the largett are about five inches long, and two broad. 
The flowers grow on a little fprig from the boloms of the 
leaves at the ends of the branches; they are large, and of 
a pale violet-colour. It grows in the large forelts of 
Guiana. 
1. Macrolobium fimira: leaves binate ; legume rounded 
on all tides. This is a tree of eighty feet high, with a very 
thick trunk, much branched at the top; the bark is red- 
dith, thick, and wrinkled. Leaves fmooth, entire, green ; 
the flowers were not obferved by Aublet. 
3. Macrolobium outea : leaves two-paired. A tree, ril¬ 
ing to fifty feet, with a fmooth grey bark ; very branchy 
at^top; branches fome riling, others hanging. Leaves 
alternate; their wings fmooth, ftrong, green, oval, 
and obtufe ; from the bofoms of the leaves fpring the 
fpikes of flowers about three inches long; thefe flowers 
are alternate, folitary, and borne each on a peduncle of 
different length in different flowers, and furniflied at the 
bale with a lmall lcale. Grows in forefls in Guiana. 
MACROL'OGY,/ [Gr. formed of p.uxg»e, long, and 
toyoe, difeourfe.] In rhetoric, a redundant, or too-copious, 
ffyle 5 an example of which we have in Livy, lib. viii. 
« Legati non impetrata pace, retro doinum, unde venerant 
MAC 
abierunt.” The too-copious is equally fubjeft to cbfeu* 
rity with the too-concife ffyle, and conlequently ought to 
be avoided. ' 
MACRO'NES, in ancient hiftory, a nation of Pontus, 
on the confines of Colchis and Armenia. Herodotus. 
MACRONPSI, a fmall ifland in the Turkith Archi¬ 
pelago, near the coaft of Livadia. It was alfo called He¬ 
lena, becaufe it afforded a protection to that princefs. It 
was anciently very populous, but is now deferted by man, 
and affords a harbour for lizards and other reptiles. A 
great number of rare plants are found in the internal 
parts. It is about fix miles north-eaft of Cape Colonni. 
Lat. 37. 38. N. Ion. 24. 17. E. 
MACRONO’SIA, J. [from the Greek long, 
and >ocot, a difeafe.] A long ficknefs. 
MACROO'MP, or Macroom, a town of Ireland, in 
the barony of Mufkerry, county of Cork, and province of 
Munfter, 142 miles from Dublin ; it is fituated amon°-!t 
hills, in a dry gravelly limettone foil. This place is laid 
to take its name from an old crooked oak, fo called in 
Iri[h, -which formerly grew here. The caftle was firft: 
built in king John’s time, foon after the Englith conqueft, 
(according to fir Richard Cox,) by the Carews; but 
others attribute it to the Daltons. It was repaired and 
beautified by Teague Macarty, who died in the year 1565, 
and was father to the celebrated fir Cormac Mac Teague 
mentioned by Camden and other writers as an adive per¬ 
fon in queen Elizabeth’s time. The late earls of Clan- 
carty altered this cattle into a more modern ftrudure, it 
being burnt down ia, the wars of 1641. Oppofite to the 
bridge is the parift-church, dedicated to St. Colman of 
Cloyne. Here is a barrack fora foot-company, a market- 
houfe, and a handfome Roman-catholic chapel. A confi- 
derable number of perfons have been employed in this 
town in combing wool and fpinning yarn ; and fome falt- 
works have been ereCted here. At half a mile diftance 
is a fpa, that rifes on the very brink of a bog ; its waters 
are a mild chalybeate, and are accounted lerviceable in 
hypochondriacal cafes, and in cutaneous eruptions. The 
fairs are four in the year. 
MACROP'NUS, f. [of^axpo?, long, and urson, breath.] 
A word ufed by Hippocrates, and other old writers in 
medicine, to fignify a perfon who fetches hfs breath at 
long intervals. It is ufed in oppofition to brachypnus. or 
fhort-breathed. 
MACRO'PUS, f. in zoology. See Didelphis gigantea, 
vol. v. p. 806. and the correiponding Plate. 
MACROU'RUS, / in ichthyology. See Coryphtena 
rupeftris, vol. v. p. 250. 
MACSOUD-BEG'UI, a town of Perfia, in the province 
Irak : fifty-four miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Ifpahan. 
MACSWI'NE’s BA'Y, a bay orTreland, in the north 
part of Donegal Bay, eleven miles weft of Donegal. Lat. 
54. 56. N. Ion. 8. 17. W. 
MAC'TAN, one of the fmaller Philippine Iflands ; on 
which, according to tome accounts, Magellan was killed. 
Lat. 10. 30. N. Ion. 123. 48. E. 
MACTA'TION, J. [inaflor, L at.] The aft of killing 
for facrifice. * 
The act of killing the viftim, in the Roman facrifices, 
was performed either by the prieit liimfelf, or fome of his 
inferior officers, whom we meet with under the names of 
popee, agones , culirarii, and viBimarii ; but, before the beaffc 
was killed, theprieft, turning himfelf to the eaft, drew a 
crooked line with his knife from the forehead to the tail. 
Among the Greeks, this ceremony was performed molt 
commonly by the prieit, or, in his abfence, by the moll 
honourable perfon prefent. If the facrifice was offered to 
the celeftial gods, the viftim’s throat was bent up towards 
heaven ; if to the infernal gods, or to heroes, it was killed 
with its throat towards the ground. The manner of kil¬ 
ling the animal was by a ftroke on the head, and, after it 
was fallen, thrufting a knife into its throat. Much no¬ 
tice was taken, and good or ill fuccefs predicted, from 
the ftruggles of the beaft, or its quiet fubmiflion to the 
blow | 
