M ADR 
54.. Madrepora aftroites: fub-globular, with very nu¬ 
merous intmerfed ftars; the interftices porous. It inha¬ 
bits South America, in large mafles. 
55. Madrepora ftellata : folid, rough outwardly, with 
fcattered convex liars impreffed in the middle. It inha¬ 
bits the Indian Ocean. 
56. Madrepora nodu'lofa : with crowded obconic liars; 
the interftices and gills rather (harp and roughiftr. 
57. Madrepora acropora : hemifpherical, with crowded, 
annular, prominent, crenate, ftars, which are fmall, ele¬ 
vated, with a deeper centre. 
53. Madrepora cavernofa : ftars immerfed, falver-fbaped 
with a ftriate border, and feparated by an elevated future. 
It is found in South America and the Mediterranean. See 
'fig. 24. and a fedtion of the ftars magnified at fig. 25. 
59. Madrepora punclata: with crowded ftar-like points 
compofed of ten dots. Inhabits the European Ocean, and 
alio the Mediterranean. 
60. Madrepora calycularis: cylinders united ; ftars con¬ 
cave, with a rather prominent centre ; roundilh and brown, 
tranfverfely wrinkled outwardly. The inhabitant is an 
actinia, and is a large and very ftuggifii animal. Found 
in the Mediterranean. 
61. Madrepora truncata: joints turbinate, proliferous, 
coalefcing at the extreme margin ; ftars truncate, with a 
concave cylindrical dilk. It is found in a foflil date; a 
little rugged, with joints of equal length and breadth. 
62. Madrepora ftellaris: joints proliferous, central, fo- 
litary ; ftars connefted by a dilated margin. Found foflil 
on the Ihores of Gothland. Stems fimple, parallel, ereft, 
as thick as a finger, and four or five inches long; bark 
obfoletely ftriate, with cup-fhaped joints an inch long. 
63. Madrepora organutn : coral cylindrical, fmooth, 
diltant, combined, with defledted membranes. It inha¬ 
bits the Red Sea, but is more frequently foflil ; the cylin¬ 
ders are parallel, and about as thick as an oat-ftraw. 
64. Madrepora divergens: fub-globular, with diver¬ 
gent cylinders (landing out beyond the furface twice their 
diameter. This is alfo found in a foflil (late. 
65. Madrepora muficalis: corals cylindrical, ftriate, 
dillant, united by numerous tranfverfe difiepiments. It 
inhabits the Indian Ocean, and is fometimes call on the 
Irilh coafts, and often found petrified. Coral white, and 
often very large. 
66. Madrepora denticulata: ftars unequal; the gills 
have an elevated margin, the larger ones acute with a pro- 
cels at the bafe ; the interftices grooved. 
67. Madrepora faveolata: liars fomewhat angular, 
many-rayed, and here and there doubled when cut longi¬ 
tudinally. 
68. Madrepora retepora : ftars rather,angular, with fila¬ 
mentous gills, and reticulate when cut longitudinally. 
69. Madrepora rotulofa: liars cylindraceous, with few 
rays; the gills erefl, and acute towards the margin, with 
an erefl fpine at the bafe. 
70. Madreporacefpitofa: corals round,(lightly branched, 
ftriate, approximate, with turbinate concave reticulate 
ftars ; the coral is white, ftony, very large, and often loft. 
It is frequently found in a foflil date. 
71. Madrepora flexuofa: corals cylindrical, rough, flex- 
uous, approximate, with concave ftriate ftars. Fou»d call 
on the Ihores of the Baltic. 
72. Madrepora fafcicularis: the corals are ftraight, cy¬ 
lindrical, glabrous, arid divergent. It is found in the In¬ 
dian Ocean ; white, ftony, folid, unequal; frequently 
found foflil in different parts of Europe. 
73. Madrepora pe&inata : tars orbicular, with a tumid, 
dilated, radiate, margin ; the interftices are dotted. It is 
found in Silefia ; the Itars are flat, with about thirty un¬ 
equal denticulate gills. 
74. Madrepora rotularis: coral of various lhapes, with 
folitary, orbicular, flat, unequally-radiate, ftars, with a 
fmooth, flat, and flardly-prominent, margin. This is 
•/bund in the Red Sea, frequently growing to other marine 
Vol. XIV. No, f)&. 
E P O R A. 77 
fubftances, white, folid, fub-globular, or flattened ; the 
ftars about a line in diameter. 
75. Madrepora tubularis: tubes cylindrical, very en¬ 
tire, a little prominent, and expanded into an unequally- 
radiate liar. This is frequently found foflil. The tubes 
are about the fize of a crow-quill; the liars have fix thicker 
gills, between each of which are three fmaller ones. 
76. Madrepora mamillaris: ftars orbicular, prominent, 
wart-like, excavated. Found near Frankfort in a foil'll 
Hate ; the liars are without a border. 
77. Madrepora patelloides: glabrous; ftars large and 
mnny-rayed, being a little elevated with a minute centre. 
This is found foflil. 
78. Madrepora globularis: ftars large, rounded, equally 
ray id,, with a large perforated centre. 
79.. Madrepora filum : ftars rounded, large, and fome¬ 
what crowded, with a very-minute and partly-excavated 
centre. Found in a foflil (late near Bade. 
80. Madrepora perforata: ftars crowded, minute, ex¬ 
cavated, with perforated gills. The coral is fometimes he¬ 
mifpherical, and nearly a foot in diameter. 
81. Madrepora vermicularis : ftars with unequal undu¬ 
late fmooth rays. It is found foffil. The ftars have about 
eight principal rays, fonte of them are forked. 
82. Madrepora arachnoides: ftars crowded, minute, flat-, 
tened, with fubundulate (hort equal rays. It is found 
foflil. Coral hemifpherical; the ftars have twelve contin¬ 
gent rays. 
83. Madrepora undulata: ftars large, elevated, with 
elongated curved rays. Found foflil. Stars about half an 
inch wide, with twenty-four rays. 
84. Madrepora folida: ftars every-where contiguous, 
with united membranaceous margins. It inhabits the Red 
Sea, where it forms vaft rocks; and is ufed in building, 
and burnt into lime. The liars are concave, with a very 
thin brittle margin; the centre is orbicular and rough, 
with a row of fmall tubercles. 
85. Madrepora monile: ftars funnel-formed, without 
dilk, covered with gills and divifions; gills equal, radiant, 
denticulate, and continued into the next liar. Found in 
a foflil (late in Arabia. 
86. Madrepora daedalica: ftars fomewhat hexagonal, 
with united reticulate diviftons toothed internally, and at 
the margin. Inhabits the Red Sea. The liars are fnowy, 
very thin, and toothed within. 
87. Madrepora monoftriata; with divifions between the 
old ftars elevated into rough lanceolate tongue-fliaped 
procefles. This, is found in the Red Sea; it is fpongy, 
tough, and fnowy. 
88. Madrepora contignatio: flattilh and orbicular, with 
linear ftars at the circumference tending to the centre; 
the middle ones ovate, divaricate, and nearly contiguous. 
Inhabits the Red Sea; and is fometimes found a foot in 
diameter. 
89. MadreporaSinenfis: corals ventricofe-conic, fmooth, 
but rough towards the tip ; liars angular-rounded, laby- 
rinthic, and furnilhed with alternately Ihorter rows of 
gills. Found on the Ihores of China. 
90. Madrepora rus : unequal, with fpongy papillae, and 
fuperficial flattilh diftant ftars. Inhabits the Red Sea. 
91. Madrepora cufpidata: corals conic, grooved; ftars 
turbinate, with ftraight elongated acute gills. Found ia 
China. 
V. Branched , with diJlinEl Stars and tuberculous pcrulcus 
Undulations. 
92. Madrepora porites: flightly branched, compofite, 
rough, with fub-fteliate crowded pores. Inhabits India 
and South America ; of a clear white, outwardly oftep 
grey. This is Ihown on Plate V. fig. 26. 
93. Madrepora digitata : branches clavate, flattened; 
ftars fcattered, fix-rayed, with a projeiftingupper margin. 
Inhabits the Indian Ocean; refembles the laft. 
94. Madrepora dianicornis: very much branched ; the 
X branches 
