152 
M A G N 
people find infufferable, from its ftarch-like overwhelm¬ 
ing faint fweetnefs; Ehret compares it to a valt quantity 
of white lilies. The fruit is not known to have been ri¬ 
pened here. 
11. Magnolia auriculata, or ear-leaved magnolia : leaves 
fpatulate-ovate, acute, heart-fhaped at the bafe; frnooth 
beneath ; petals obovate. Native of lofty mountains in 
Carolina, from whence it was firft brought to England alive 
by the late Mr. Frafer in 1686. This, like the laff, is a 
tree that flowers at an early age ; and their habits are fimi- 
lar. The prominent rounded lobes at the bafe of the 
leaves mark the prefent fpecies. The flowers appear in 
July ; and are large, of a yellowilh-white, and delightfully 
fragrant. 
12. Magnolia macrophylla, or long-leaved magnolia: 
leaves fpatulate-obovate, heart-fliaped at the bafe, glau¬ 
cous and downy beneath. Native of North America, to 
the well of the river Tennaflee. Brought by Mr. Frafer 
and hisfon, in 1800, from the tvildernefs in Kentucky, on 
the banks of the fouth fork of the Cumberland river. It 
flowers in June and July. Leaves eighteen inches long, 
and nine broad, fomewhat panduriform, being contracted 
above the dilated heart-fhaped bafe, and then again ex¬ 
tended ; the upper furface is green and frnooth ; the un¬ 
der Angularly glaucous, or nearly white, and finely downy; 
both are minutely reticulated with innumerable veins. 
13. Magnolia cordata, or heart-leaved magnolia: leaves ’ 
heart-fhaped, fomewhat downy beneath. Native of dry 
open hills in Georgia and North Carolina. Me firs. Frafer 
are recorded as having brought it to Kew in 1801 5 but it 
has not yet bloffomed. Michaux fays it is allied to M. 
acuminata, and that the flowers are yellow. 
Propagation and Culture. All thefe plants may be in- 
creafed by feed, layers, and cuttings of the fhoots. 
With regard to the firlt mode, the feed, which is re¬ 
ceived annually early in the fpring from America, pre- 
ferved in fand, fhould be fown, as loon after as poflible, in 
pots of light rich earth, half an inch deep, plunging them 
in a moderate hot-bed, to bring up the plants an inch or 
two in height, or in the common earth under a w'arm wall 
or hedge, or in a frame, in the full fun, till the middle or 
latter end of April, then replunging them in an eafterly 
border open to the morning fun; giving moderate fprink- 
lings of water in dry weather. The plants will rife the 
fame year ; thofe in the hot-bed, probably in April, and 
the others in May, inuring thofe in the firft iituation timely 
to the full air. The plants fhould, all fummer, be regu¬ 
larly fupplied with water, and at the approach of winter 
be removed into a greenhoufe, or rather, under a garden- 
frame, to be fheltered from froft all winter, indulging 
them with the open air in mild weather. If the pots be 
plunged in a bark liot-bed, See. about March, under a 
frame, two or three months, it will forward the plants 
greatly 5 being careful to give water, and harden them to 
the open air gradually, fo as to be removed into it in their 
S ots fully in June, to remain till the autumn, when they 
lould be allowed fhelter in winter, as before. The fol¬ 
lowing fpring, they fhould be planted into feparate pots, 
and plunged into a hot-bed, as before, to fet them for¬ 
ward, giving water, occafional fliade, and the benefit of 
free air; and in June removing the pots to a fhady bor¬ 
der for the remainder of the fummer. In winter they 
fhould have fhelter, as before, from fevere froft, but have 
the full air in all open weather. They require the 
fame care for two or three winters, when fome of them 
may be turned out of the pots with balls of earth about 
their roots into the full ground, in a warm fneltered fitua- 
tion, particularly the deciduous kinds ; but the evergreen 
fort fhould not be too foon expofed to the winter’s cold, 
bur be continued in occafional fhelter in the above manner 
four or five years, till two, three, or more, feet high; and, 
when turned out, matted occafionally in fevere winters, 
retaining fome in pots to be managed as greenhoufe plants 
of the more hardy kind. 
In the layering mode, the layers fhould belaid down in 
O L I A. 
autumn or fpring, choofing the young pliable fhoofs for 
the purpofe, giving them a gentle twill, or a flit in the 
part laid into the earth. Some will be well rooted in one 
year, others probably not inlefs than two; then take them 
oft', and plant each in a pot in the early fpring, plunging 
them in a moderate hot-bed for a month or two, to pro¬ 
mote their growth freely at firft, and they will generally 
form good ltrong plants by the following autumn, allow¬ 
ing them fhelter in winter for a year or twe, when they 
may be planted out. 
In the cutting plan, the cuttings fhould be made from 
the fliort young fhoots of the precedingyear, and be planted 
in pots of good earth, plunging them to the rims in the 
common or ftove hot-bed, giving water and occafional 
fhade ; fome of them will be rooted the fame year, when 
they mud be inured by degreesto theopen air, after which 
they may be managed as the layers. It may be noticed 
that the firft or evergreen fort is one of the molt beautiful 
trees in nature, both in its growth, and in the luxuriance 
of its noble leaves, which render it Angularly confpicuous 
at all feaf'ons. And the deciduous torts are alio highly 
ornamental trees, and may be introduced in clumps and 
fhrubberies, where, by their fine foliage, they exhibit an 
elegant variety. In common, ail the different foecies 
are cultivated in the mirferies, for fale, from which they 
may be taken up and planted out in the early fpring or 
autumn months; but the former is the better in moft 
cafes. With regard to their difpofition in the fhrubbery, 
as they are rather tender in their early growth, they fhould 
have a fheltered funny fituation, in a rather dry foil, beino- 
planted in the moft confpicuous places, and not too clofelv 
crowded with other fhrubs. But they have a good effeit 
even when difpofed fingly in different parts, as in open 
fpaces of fhort grafs-groutid, in flickered fituations; Spe¬ 
cially the firft fort, from its evergreen nature. 
MAG'NON (John), a French poet and advocate, whs 
exercifed his profefiion fome time at Lyons, and then 
quitted it for dramatic writing, was born at Tournay. He 
was aflaffinated in 1662, in the ftreets of Paris. He is 
mentioned as the perfon who projected, but did not live 
to complete, an Encyclopedic in verfe. Moreri. 
MAG'NOTS,orMAiNOTs,an appellation diftinguifhing 
thofe Greeks who inhabit the fouth part of the Morea, the 
environs of Sparta, and more particularly the part which 
extends from Mifitra to Cape Matapan. As remains of 
the Lacedaemonians, they are as ardent as their anceftom 
in defending their liberty and maintaining their indepen¬ 
dence. The Turks have fometimes obtained a triflino- 
tribute from them, without ever having been able entirely 
to fubdue them. Cultivators or fhepherds, mariners or 
pirates, according to the exigence of their circumftances, 
they are always ready to quit the fmall towns which they 
occupy on the gulfs of Coron and of Colokythia, for the 
purpofe of penetrating into the interior of the country, 
and eftablifhing themlelves on the mountains. With this 
energy and love of liberty, it is to be regretted, that there 
are among them robbers, who, not content with making 
war on the Turks, (who have unjuftly difpofiefled them 
of a part of their territory,) alfo go lometimes to plunder 
the unfortunate Greeks of the fmall iflands of the Archi¬ 
pelago, who ought rather, on account of identity of reli¬ 
gion and of interelf, to unite againft their common enemies. 
MAG'NUS (John), called in Swediih Stor, archbifltop of 
Upial, was born at Linkoping in 1488 ; and made fuch a 
rapid progrefs in his education, that he was appointed ca¬ 
non of Linkoping and Skara before he had completed the 
eighteenth year of his age. Having profecuted his lludies 
with great fuccefs at various academies in Germany and 
Italy, but particularly at Louvain, he was made choice of 
by Steno Sture the younger, to manage his affairs at the 
court of Rome ; and, while in Italy, he took the degree 
of doctor of theology. .In 1522 he was fent to Sweden 
by pope Adrian ,VI. under whom he had ltudied at Lou¬ 
vain, as apoftolic nuncio, to fettle the dilputes which had 
taken place in the church; and in this new charafter was 
received 
3 
