170 M A 1 
MAISO'NS, a-town of France, in the department of 
Paris : three miles fouth-eaft of Paris. 
MA'ISSE le MARECHAL', a town of France, in the 
department of the Seine and Oife: nine miles eaft of 
Eftampes. 
MA'ISY, a town of France, in the department of the 
Calvados: four miles north of Ifigny, and tvventy-feven 
weft-north-weft of Caen. tat. 49. 23. N. Ion. o. 57. W. 
MA'ISTRE (Anthony le), the concealed author of 
many pious and controverlial pieces which are held in 
eftiination by Catholics, particularly in the Janfenilt con¬ 
nection, was the eldeft fon of Ifaac le Mailire, mnfter of 
requefts, and born at Paris in the year 1608. He was 
educated to the bar; and, having commenced pleader at 
the early age of twenty-one, foon acquired a high reputa¬ 
tion as an eloquent, learned, and fuccefsful, advocate. 
While he was yet under thirty, the chancellor Seguier, 
fenlible of his merit, procured him the rank of a counfel- 
lor of ftate, and offered him the poft of advocate-general 
to the parliament of Metz. This offer, however, he de¬ 
clined; and foon afterwards renounced the world, and re¬ 
tired among the folitaries of Port-Royal. Here he fpent 
the remainder of his life, in the practice of the fevered 
mortifications, in writing various works, and in the ftudy 
of religious books. It was his intention to have written 
new Lives of the Saints, diverted of the fabulous legends 
with which ignorance or pious fraud have difgraced them ; 
and his lives of St. Ignatius biftiop of Antioch, of St. 
John Climachus, of St. Bernard, together with his Hillory 
of the Martyrs of Lyons, are faid to be excellent fpeci- 
mens of fuch a defign. He was prevented, however, from 
proceeding any further in it by his premature death, 
which took place in 1658, foon after he had completed 
the fiftieth year of his age. His acknowledged works 
were, Pleadings, which were repeatedly printed, but are 
much lefs applauded at prefent than when they firrt ap¬ 
peared; a French tranflation of the treatife on the Prieft- 
liood, by St. John Chryfoftom, 12010. and tranflations of 
feveral of the treatifes of St. Bernard. He had alfo em¬ 
ployed himfelf on a French verfion of the Old and New 
Teltament. For the titles of his anonymous and contro- 
verfial pieces, we refer to Moreri. 
MA'ISTRE (Louis-Ifaac le), better known by the 
name of Sacy, a learned, pious, and much-admired, 
French writer, was the brother of the preceding, and born 
at Paris in the year 1613. He purfued his ftudies under 
the tuition of the learned Du Verget, abbe of St. Cyran, 
and alfo of his uncle Anthony Arnauld, doftor of the 
Sorbonne, in the college of Beauvais ; and, having by his 
proficiency reflected great credit on their inftructions, he 
was ordained prieft in the year 1648. Soon afterwards 
the fame of his virtues occafioned his being chofen con- 
feifor by the folitaries of Port-Royal; from which time 
he devoted himfelf chiefly to prayer and reading, and the 
compofition of works of piety. The perfecution of the 
Janfenifts, in which the members of Port-Royal were in¬ 
volved, obliged our author to conceal himfelf in the year 
1661 ; and, being difcovered in the place of his retreat in 
1666, he was fent to the Baftille. Here he was confined 
more than two years and a half; during which time he 
employed himfelf on a tranflation of the Bible,and finiflied 
the whole of the Old Teftament. After his liberation he 
completed his verfion of the New Teftament, which he 
went over thrice before he had given it the finilhing hand. 
M. le Maifire continued at Paris till the year 1675, when 
he retired again to the folitude of Port-Royal ; but, being 
obliged to quit that fituation in 1679, he removed to the 
chateau of Pompone, where he died in 1684, about the 
age of feventy-one. Dupin fays of him, that “ he is the 
only perfon, among all the folitaries of Port-Royal, who 
was perfect mailer of the French language, and wrote it 
elegantly. He avoided all his life difputes and contefts, 
and was chiefly employed on works of piety. He had a 
great facility of writing and fpeaking with purity", and 
had a vaft fund of morality and virtue.” He never put 
M A I 
his name to his works; and is known to the world by that 
of M. de Sacy, which is an inveriion of his chriftian name. 
1 he firft of his productions, in point of importance, is, 
“ The Holy Bible, in Latin and French, with Explications 
of the literal and fpiritual Senfe, taken from the holy Fa¬ 
thers.” L he publication of this verfion and commentary 
was. begun at Paris, in 1682, in oCtavo, and continued 
during feveral years,till the whole was completed in thirty- 
two volumes. Afterwards it underwent a variety of edi¬ 
tions, of which the belt are thofe of Brufiels, in 1700, in 
3 vols. 4to. of Amflerdam, (under the name of Paris,) in 
1716, in 8 vols. i2ino. of Paris, in 1713, in 8 vols. 12010. 
and 2 vols. 4to. and that of 1715, with notes and harmo¬ 
nies, in 4 vols. folio. M. le Mailire was alfo the author 
of numerous other works, for the titles of which we refer 
to the Gen. Biog. 
MA'ISTRY.y. [French.] Myftery ; art.—In the dif¬ 
ference of wits I have obferved there are many notes ; and 
it is a little maiftry to know’ them. B. Jonfon's Difcoveries. 
MAITE'A. See Osnaburg. 
MAI FED', a town of Perlia, in the province of Ker¬ 
man ; fixteen miles north-eaft of Sirgian. 
MA'ITHES, /. in botany; fee Anthemis. Red; fee 
Adonis. 
MA'ITLAND (John), lord Thyelftane, and chancellor 
of Scotland, was born in 1545. He accompanied king 
James VI. to Norway, where his confort, the princefs ol' 
Denmark, was detained by contrary winds. He died in 
1 595 * He was author of Epigrammata Latina, publifhed 
in the Delicias Poetarum Scotorum. 
MAILT AND (Henry), a furgeon, is worthy of no¬ 
tice, principally as being the firft perfon who performed 
the operation of inoculating the fmall-pox in England. 
Mr. Maitland refided at Conftantinople with the Hon, 
Wortley Montague, then ambaflador at the Ottoman 
court, where the only fon of that gentleman was inoculated 
at the age of fix years, in 1777 ; and, on their return to 
England, Mr. Maitland inoculated the infant daughter 
of the fame gentleman, in April 1721. He publifhed a 
detail of thefe cafes, and of thofe of fome condemned cri¬ 
minals in Newgate in February 1722, in a pamphlet enti¬ 
tled “ An Account of Inoculating the Small-Pox ;” and 
fubfequently a fecond pamphlet in vindication of the 
former, in reply to the attack of Dr. Wagliaffe. The 
time of his death is not known. 
MA'ITLAND (William), a topographical and anti¬ 
quarian writer, was born at Brechin in Scotland, about 
1693. His employment, which was that of a hair-mer¬ 
chant, led him to travel; and he vifited Sweden, Denmark, 
and Germany, and finally fettled in London. What cir- 
cumftance gave him a turn to literature does not appear; 
but, after he had become ftationary, he applied himfelf to 
the ftudy of antiquities, of which the firft fruit was his 
“ Hiftory of London,” folio, 1739. This work, an im¬ 
provement upon Stowe, became popular, and has fince 
been reprinted with various augmentations. He probably 
after this period retired to his native country, for the pur- 
pofe of purfuing enquiries into its hiftorical antiquities ; 
for, in 1753, he publilhed a “ Hiftory of Edinburgh,” 
folio, which was well received. Extending his refearches 
to a wider compafs, he compofed the “Hiftory and An¬ 
tiquities of Scotland, from the earlieft Account of Time 
to the Death of James I. continued by another Hand 
to the Acceffion of James VI. to the Crown of Eng¬ 
land ;” two volumes folio, 1757. This performance, 
though it did credit to his induftry, feems to have been 
judged deficient in the erudition and critical fagacity re- 
quillte for fuch a defign. Indeed this author has no pre- 
tenfions to rank among literary characters of the fuperior 
clafs, either in point of fryle or depth of reflection. He 
died at Montrofe in 1757. Scots Mag. 
MAI'TRE-JEAN' (Antony), a French furgeon and 
oculilt, praCtifed at Mery-fur-Seine, and was a correfpon- 
dent of the Academy of Sciences. He became celebrated, 
in the beginning of the eighteenth century, for his fuccefs 
1 in 
