MAI 
. g V/ <!fr 
JTi treating diforders of the eye ; and wrote a work on 
the fubjeft, which was long a ffandard, and is kill in 
efteem. It is entitled, “Traite des Maladies de l’CEil, et 
des Remedes propres pour leur Guerifon,” 4to. 1707; fe- 
veral times reprinted and.tranflated. It begins \vith an 
anatomical defcription of the eye, and fome experiments 
concerning the nature of vifion ; and then proceeds to the 
difeafes in every part of it, of which he (fates a great num¬ 
ber, more than modern praftice diftinguifhes. He was 
among the firft who afcertair.ed the feat of the cataract to 
be exclulively in the cryftalline lens; and he treats largely 
on couching, and all the variations in the operation. 
His “ Obfervations fur la Formation du Poulet,” i2imo. 
J722, is faid by Haller to be a better book than is com¬ 
monly fuppofed, containing many original experiments 
and new remarks. He has alfo fome papers in the Hilt. 
del’Acad. des Sciences. Halleri Bibl. Anat. & Chirurg. 
MAITS, a lake of Pruflia, in Natangen : twenty miles 
fouth of Raftenburg. 
MAITTA'IRE (Michael), an eminent bibliographer 
and philologift, was born in 1668. From his name it is 
probable that he was of French origin ; and, as nothing is 
mentioned of his birth-place or early education, it is not 
\inlikely that he came over with refugee parents. Dr. 
South, canon of Chrift-church, Oxford, nominated him a 
Itudent of that houfe, in which he took the degree of 
M. A. in 1696.. In the preceding year he had been ap¬ 
pointed fecond maker of Weftminlter fchool, which poft 
lie occupied till 1699. It does not appear that he entered 
the church, although among his writings are “ Remarks 
upon Whifton’s Account of the Proceedings of the Con¬ 
vocation,” and art “ Elfay againft Arianifm and other He¬ 
retics,” both in 1711. He was patronifed by the firft: earl 
of Oxford, and enjoyed the favour of the fecond earl ; and 
was Latin tutor to lord Chefterfield’s natural fon, Mr. 
Stanhope. Thefe are all the circumftances recorded of 
his life, which clofed in 1747. His fir(t appearance in 
print was as a grammarian, Weftminfter-fchool being in¬ 
debted to him for Gracce Lingua DialeSi, 1706, and after¬ 
wards for an Eiiglifh Grammar. The lludy of typogra¬ 
phical antiquities was his favourite purfuit, and its firft 
refult was “Stephan,orum Hiftoria, vitas ipforum ac fibres 
compleftens,” Svo. 1709. It was fucceeded, in 1717, by 
“ Hiltoria Typographorum aliquot Parifienfium,” 8vo. 
In 1719 he publilhed the firft volume of his principal work, 
Annates Typographici ab artis inventions , Hag. Com. 4to. 
In. this, the hiftory of printing was brought down to the 
year 1500. The fecond volume, containing it to 1536, 
was publilhed alfo at the Hague, in 1702 3 as was the third, 
continued to 1664, in 1725. A volume publilhed at Am- 
fterdam in 1773, ufually reckoned the fourth, is properly 
a revifion of the former three. In 1741 the author pub- 
lifhed, at London, the fifth and laft volume, containing an 
index to the former four. This is a work of great labour 
and reading, and is highly efteemed by bibliographers. 
A fupplement to it, in two volumes 4to. was publilhed 
at Vienna, by Dennis, in 1789 ; and an enlarged edition 
of the whole has lately been printed at Nuremberg. 
Maittaire edited a number of claffics, both feparately 
and in a colle&ed form. Of thefe the principal were, 
“ Opera & Fragmenta veterum Poetarum,” 2 vols. folio, 
1713; and a Greek Teftament, 2 vols. 1714. He add refled 
a Carmen Epinicium, of his own compofitlon, to the emprels 
ofRufiiain 1739; and publilhed a volume of Latin poems 
in 1742, under the title of Senilia. Nichols's Anccd. of 
Bowycr. 
MAJU'A,y. A petty dealer, or merchant, in Hindoo- 
ltan. 
MAJU'MA, a feaport town of Paleftine, the fee of a bi¬ 
llion, near Gaza. 
MAJUM'BA. See Mayamba. 
MAJUN', f. The Hindooltan word for a banker or 
conliderable trader. 
MA'IUS (John-Henry), a learned German Lutheran 
M A K 171 
divine and Hebraift, was born at Pfortzhelm, in the mar- 
quifate of Baden-Dourlach, in the year 1653. He diftin- 
guiflied himfelf by his proficiency in Hebrew literature; 
and taught the oriental languages in different univerfities 
with great reputation, particularly at Dourlach and Gief- 
fen. In the place laft mentioned he diflcharged the pafto- 
ral fuinkions ; and died there in 1719, about the age of 
fixty-fix. He was profoundly (killed in facred and pro¬ 
fane antiquities, and wrote a great variety of works, which 
bear honourable teftimony to his laborious induftry, and 
extenfive erudition. The principal of them are, 1. Hiftoria 
Animalium Scripturae facrae, 8vo. 2. Vita Johannis Reu- 
chlini Porcenfis, primi in Germania Hebraicarum Gneca- 
rumque et aliarum bonarum Literarum Inftauratoris, 
1687, 8vo. 3. Tbeologia Evangelica, 1701 and 1719, in 
four parts, 4to. 4. Sciagraphia Scholarum propheticarum, 
1701, 4to. 5. Animadverfionesct Supplementa ad Coccei 
Lexicon Hebrasum, 1703, folio. 6. Specimen Lingute 
Punicte irf hodierna Melitenfium Superilitis, 1718, Svo. 
7. Inftitutio Linguae Hebraicae, 1715, 8vo. 8. Diflerta- 
tiones philologicae et exegeticae, 1711, 2 vols. 4to. He 
alfo publilhed a good edition of the Hebrew Bible, in 4to. 
Noun. Did. Hiji. Saxii Onomajl. 
M AJUSTAPOU'R, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahar : 
twenty-eight miles north-norfh-eaft ofHajypour. Lat. 26. 
7.N. Ion. 85. 35.E. 
MAIXEN'T (St.), a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Two Sevres, and chief place of a canton in 
the diftrift of Niort, containing about 5000 fouls : fix miles 
north-eaft of Niort.—A town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Sarthe, feated on the Seure ; badly built, fur- 
rounded with walls, and containing an ancient caftle with 
two fauxbourgs, and about 5000 inhabitants: fix miles 
fouth of Ferte Bernard. 
MA'IZE, or Indian Wheat. See Zea _The whole 
maize plant has the appearance of a reed. This plant is 
propagated in England only as a curiofity; but in Ame¬ 
rica it is the principal fupport of the inhabitants, and 
confequently propagated with great care. Miller. 
MAIZIE'RES, a town of France, in the department 
of the Upper Marne: four miles north-weft of Joinville. 
MAKAL'LA, a feaport town of Arabia, in the pro¬ 
vince of Hadramaut; fixty miles fouth-fouth-weft of Ha- 
dramaut. 
MAKAN'NA, a kingdom of Africa, fituated between 
the rivers Senegal and Gambia : 300 miles from the At¬ 
lantic Ocean. 
MAKA'RA, a fabulous fea-monfter, frequently men¬ 
tioned and alluded to by Indian authors. It is borne in 
the banner of Kama, the Hindoo god of love, (as noticed 
under the article Hindoostan, vol. x. p. 120.) one of 
whofe names is hence Makara-ketu. It is alfo the'fign 
Capricorn in the Indian zodiacs; and fome writers deern 
it the horned (hark. A combination of the goat and fifh 
in that fign is not unfrequently feen on the zodiac of fe- 
veral nations, both eaftern and weftern, of which notice is 
taken under the article Capricorn, vol.iii. p. 778. 
MAKAREV', a town of Ruifia, in the government of 
Koftrom, on the Unza: eighty miles ealt of Koltroma. 
Lat. 58. 50. N. Ion. 44. 14. E. 
MAKAREV', a town of Ruflia, in the government of 
Niznei, Novgorod, on the Volga: twenty-four miles eaft- 
north-eaft of Niznei Novgorod. Lat. 56.25. N. Ion. 44. 
44. E. 
MAKA'YA, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of 
Kayor, about twenty-one miles from the Atlantic Ocean. 
Lat. 15. 20. N. Ion. 16. 34. W. 
To MAKE, v.a. [macan,Sax. macken, Ger. maken, Dut.} 
To create.—Let us make man in our image. Gen. i. 26. 
Remember'd: thou 
Thy making , while the Maker gave thee being ? Milton . 
To form of materials.—God hath made of one blood all 
nations of inen. Ads.-— To compofe; as, parts, materials, 
or 
