M A L 
Tree ; fee Lavatera. Varied-leaved and Venetian ; fee 
Lavatera. Vervain ; fee Malva. Yellow ; fee Sid a. 
MAL'LOW, a town of Ireland, in the county of Cork, 
lituated on the river Blackwater; one of the molt confi- 
derable inland towns of the county, and much frequented 
on account of a fpring, whofe waters are faid to referable 
thofe of Briftol, both in tafte and virtue. Here were for¬ 
merly two cattles, ruined in the feventeenth century. 
Mallow fends one member to the imperial parliament. It 
is thirty-two miles fouth of Limeric, and fourteen north 
of Cork. Lat. 52. S. N. Ion. 8. 39. W. 
MALLO'WN, a town of Hindootlan, in Malwa: ten 
miles north-eaft of Kimlafia. 
MAL'LUCH, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
MALLWYD', a village in North Wales, on the con¬ 
fines of the counties of Montgomery and Merioneth. It 
confifts but of a few lioufes and a church; it is fituated 
at the conflux of the Dyfi, the Clifion, and the Mowddu; 
at the junftion of four vales, and confequently the meet¬ 
ing of four roads. This little village and the furrounding 
country are pleafingly deferibed by Mifs Hutton of Bir¬ 
mingham, in her Letters during a Tour in North Wales. 
“ Mallwyd is the interior of Wales. Here the common 
people fpeak no Englilh, The drefs of both fexes is en¬ 
tirely fupplied by the flieep of the country, except the 
(hirt and neck-handkerchief of the men, and two printed 
handkerchiefs for the women ; one worn round the neck, 
the other on the head, croffed under the chin, and tied 
behind. Over this bulky head-drefs, fummer and winter, 
in doors and out, they wear a black hat, only diftinguilh- 
able from the man’s by a ribbon tied round the crown. 
With garments of flannel and woollen, and this load on 
the head, (hoes and (lockings are a fuperfluity. They 
trudge along, bare-footed and bare-legged, with as little 
inconvenience as the (heep that formerly carried the bur¬ 
then. The female, who fills the offices of waiting and 
chamber maid at the inn, is diltinguilhed by flioes and 
(lockings, and a mob-cap. 
“ The diet of the common people, and even of the far¬ 
mers’ fervants, is oat-cake, or four bread made of a mix¬ 
ture of rye and barley 5 butter and cheefe without limita¬ 
tion; whey-curds; llir-up, made of boiled whey thick¬ 
ened with oatmeal; and the fervants are allowed a fmall 
portion of faked meat or bacon on a Sunday. Their uni- 
verfal beverage is butter-milk. The men are thin, but 
tall and athletic ; the women healthy, ruddy, (lout, and 
handfome; and the children, if poflible, yet more fo; but 
I think an old woman looks older than in England. Per¬ 
haps the air of their mountains may give health and 
llrength while youth and aftivity enable them to breathe 
it uncorrupted ; and the clofenefs of their huts may plant 
wrinkles in the place of roles, when age confines them 
more within doors. 
46 The belt farms in this country let at from ten to fif¬ 
teen (hillings an acre, and fell at about twenty-eight years’ 
purchafe. There is a certain portion of mountain allotted 
to each, which never varies from generation to generation 5 
and it is an eftabliflred rule, that no man (hall fend a greater 
number of (heep to the mountain in fummer than his 
farm will maintain in winter. The mountain-part of one 
farm near Dinafmowthy keeps three thoufand flieep. It 
is divided into three diftimSt (heep-walks. The command¬ 
ing officer of the whole is a man ; the a fling officers are 
dogs, of which are kept from fifteen to twenty. The 
(heep-walks are divided, riot by hedges, ditches, or (lone 
walls, but by boundaries drawn by the eye. Such bounds 
as thele the flieep may eafily overleap, and not only tref- 
pafs upon each other, but upon their neighbours. It is 
the bulinefs of the dogs to take care they do not. Early 
in the morning the (hepherd. climbs the mountain, tak¬ 
ing with him three dogs. He points out to each his 
walk, and they immediately go upon duty. They know 
exadlly the confines; and, by always taking that fide on 
which the (heep (how an inclination to dray, they oblige 
them to remain in their proper palture. But this poll is 
Vol.XIV. No. 967, * 
M A L 205 
fo fatiguing to the dogs, that two or three hours is as long 
as rhey can bear it. The (hepherd then appears on his 
Wand with three other dogs, one for each (heep-walk, to 
relieve guard. He calls, and waves his hand ; they joy¬ 
fully obey the fummons; and each takes his turn till night 
fends the flocks to red. Invaluable would be a breed of 
dogs that could thus reftrain iieadftrotig man within his 
proper limits ! that would bite the heels of every love-, 
reign that invades his neighbour, or inftigated other fove- 
reigns to do fo! 
“ The fituation of Mallwyd is charming. The moun¬ 
tains which encompafs it are fo high that it is difficult to 
determine whether the white fpecks we fee near their tops 
are Hones or (heep, till we obferve them change their 
place. On the fides are fmall patches of wood, or inclofed 
lands, with here and there a cottage. So remote are thefe 
dwellings from the haunts of men, that, on the approach 
of our (ervant, all the women and children ran aivay in 
terror; nor could all his geftures prevail on them to re¬ 
turn, till they found the man in the pied' coat did no mif- 
chief. I entered one of their huts, which was miferably 
dark, with a fmall piece of turf mouldering to a'fhes on 
the hearth. The floor was in no danger; for nothing but 
an earthquake could deftroy it. 
“ In the church-yard of Mallwyd is a yew-tree, that, 
tradition fays, is (even hundred years old ; and it is not 
eafy to imagine a fpot where a yew-tree could have wit- 
nefled fewer viciflitudes in the objects around, during 
that length of time. The rivers, the rocks, and the moun¬ 
tains, are immutable. The woods are the lineal defeend- 
ants of thofe that flourilhed when the yew was planted. 
The hcrufes, probably, differ little in number, and but 
few of them in convenience. The roads are undoubtedly 
the fame ; for no-where elfe could they be made to pafs : 
they are only widened to admit a carriage. The yew-tree 
has nine diltinft trunks, one in the centre, and eight that 
furround it; and the circumference of their united branches 
is computed at upwards of two hundred feet.” Monthly 
Mag. June 1815. 
MALLY'NE, a town of Hindooftan, in Oude: forty- 
miles north-well of Lucknow. 
MALLYOO'R, a town of Hindooftan, in the province 
of Dindigul : eighteen miles welt-fouth-well of Dindigul. 
MALLYOO'R, a town of Hindooftan, in the province 
of Madura: ten miles north-well of Mattam. 
MALM,y. A fort of white marly clay. It is a fub- 
ftance that has been found beneficial as a manure on foils 
of the (tiff clayey kind, when laid on in pretty large pro¬ 
portions, as about fixty tons per acre. In one inftance 
of this kind of foil, mentioned in the fourth volume of 
Communications to the Board of Agriculture, when ap¬ 
plied in this proportion on a very large fcale, the produce 
was full three times as great per acre as in the original 
(late. It is aliened that the quality of this fubllance may 
be belt proved by common vinegar; in which cafe a por¬ 
tion Ihould be dried, and put into a wine-glafs full of 
vinegar; when, if it inftantly begins to effervefee and at¬ 
tract the acid, it may be depended on to bs highly ufeful 
as a manure. This fubllance we find firll noticed in the 
4-ad vol. of the Phil. Tranf. (1743.) in a paper by Mr. 
Turbevil Needham, “Concerning certain Chalky Tubu- 
lous Concretions, called Malm and we are informed, 
that this bed of malm lies in a valley, at the foot of a long 
ridge of chalky downs; extends from Winchefter, where 
it begins, almolt due fouth, about four miles; the breadth 
not above a quarter of a mile; and depth, at a mean com¬ 
putation, about five feet. It is ufed in manure for the 
fame purpofes as chalk is, but anfwers the intent much 
better. It rifes up in one continued bed, almolt to the 
furface; where a thin layer of common earth but juft: 
hides it in places where continual cultivation has not 
fuperinduced a new foil. The whole bed confifts of fe- 
parate detached pieces, and of feveral dimenlions, moltly 
long and tubular; fome few round, with a fmall cavity 
in the centre $ others quite flat; and fome, as it were, ex- 
3 G canted 
