234 M A M 
deprived ; their obedience to the Turkifh viceroy, except 
when ehforced by arms, was merely nominal; and the 
operations of his government were perpetually embarralTed 
and refilled by rharttaluke intrigue or rebellion. They 
'were carrying on an open war in Upper Egypt, againlt 
Mohammed Ali, 'their prefent Viceroy and pacha, and Were 
even then on the eve of extermination, When the news ar¬ 
rived of the landing of the Britifh army under Gen. Frazer. 
Upon the receipt of this intelligence, the pacha immedi¬ 
ately concluded a peace with the mamalukes as his lefs 
dangerous enemies, and led his troops againft the Britilh ; 
With what fuccefs is too well known. In one of the ar¬ 
ticles of that treaty, it was ftipulated, that the whole corps 
fhould come and refide at Cairo; with this condition great 
part of them complied ; and, under the command of Sejaim 
Bey, fixed their refidence at Gizeh, near the capital, but 
on the bppbfite fide of the Nile ; and the remainder, un¬ 
der the command of Ibrahim Bey, continued in Upper 
Egypt. About this period the Porte entertained confi- 
derable alarm on account of the rapid progrefs of the 
Wechabi. Mecca and Medina were in p'offeTfion of thcfe 
feceders from Ulatnifm ; and the heads of the law at Con¬ 
stantinople had aflerted that misfortune mult attend all 
their undertakings, fo long as the cradle of their faith re¬ 
mained in the hands of heretics. Jull’uf, pacha of Da- 
mafcus, had not been able to refill the numbers and en- 
thufiafm of this hew f'ett; and Suliman, pacha of Acre, had 
in confequence been commifiioned to fend the head of 
Jufifuf to Conftanrinople., and afiume the command of the 
pachalik of Damafcus. Jufluf fled to Cairo, where he 
was hofpitably received by Mohammed Ali, and protected 
from the attempts of his rival; and the Porte, finding Su¬ 
liman no better able than Juflfuf to fupport its authority 
againlt its 'infidel impugners, at laft ordered the pacha of 
Egypt himfelf to undertake the recovery of the holy cities, 
and promifed to invert him with the governments of Da¬ 
mafcus and Acre. The pacha of Acre was already highly 
exafperated againft the viceroy of Egypt, on account of 
the afylurn granted to Jufluf; and this order and promife 
of the Porte at once increafed his defire for revenge, and 
prefented an opportunity of gratifying it. He liltened 
with eagernefs to the propofal made to him by the mama¬ 
lukes of joining his forces with theirs, and of falling upon 
Mohammed Ali and the fmall remains of his army which 
Would be left in Egypt after the departure of the expedi¬ 
tion againft Mecca, under the command of his fon. The 
plan was matured, and the period of its execution Teemed 
iaft approaching; as the pacha of Egypt had afiembled a 
number of boats, nearly fufficient to convey his troops 
dowry the Red Sea to Jidda, and his army was collected 
and encamped near Cairo, in readinefs to march down to 
the coaft. But the jealoufy and vigilance of the viceroy 
were as great as the treachery of his enemies. A perfon 
in the confidence of Sejaim Bey had been bribed to betray 
his mafter, and regularly tranfmitted to the viceroy copies 
of the correfpondence carried on by the beys in Cairo 
with thofe in Upper Egypt and Suliman of Acre. The 
Porte was duly informed of the defigns of the confpirators; 
and, when its definite orders were received, the viceroy 
immediately prepared to cariy them into execution. In 
hi* return from Suez to Cairo, he announced the approach¬ 
ing completion of his preparations againft Mecca; and 
that on the ill of March (1811) he (hould celebrate a 
grand feftival on the occafion of folemnly inverting his 
Ion Tuflun Pacha with the pelifle of command previous 
to the departure of the expedition. The mamalukes in 
Cairo were requefted to honour the ceremony with their 
prefence; and accepted the invitation. The proceffion 
was to pafs through the private ftreets of Cairo up to the 
citadel, where the inveltiture was to take place. The 
Turkilh infantry led the way, and were followed by the 
mamalukes on horfeback, under the command of Sejaim 
Bey, who was fupported by two Ions of the viceroy, Ibra- 
iiam Bey and Tullun Pacha; the delhati, or Turkifh ca¬ 
valry, followed, and clofed the proceliion. The foot had 
M A M 
already entered the interior of the citadel, and the mama¬ 
lukes Were paflihg between the inner and outer wall of 
the fortrefs, along a narrow way inclofed on both Tides by 
high walls and ruined buildings, when the gates at each 
extremity of the paflage were fuddenly clofed. The pa¬ 
cha had revealed his intention to no one until this mo¬ 
ment, when he ordered his infantry to line the walls which 
Thrrouiided the mamalukes, and to commence a heavy 
fire upon them ; even his Ions were flill mixed with them, 
and for a time expofed to the fame fate. The mamalukes, 
cooped up in a narrow fpace, where their equeftrian fkill, 
and their great dexterity in the ufe of the fabre, were un¬ 
availing, impeded by their own numbers, encumbered by 
their drefl'es of ceremony, and furrounded on all fides by 
an enemy fuperior in force and protected by his fitua- 
tion, made but a feeble refiftance, and were foon com¬ 
pelled to furrender. The wicket of the inner gate Was 
then opened, and the Turkifh foldiers dragged out their 
victims one by one into the court of the citadel, where 
they were firlt Itripped, and then beheaded. They met 
their fate, it is faia, with the moft undaunted courage; 
regretted only that the cowardice of their adverfaries had 
deprived them of an opportunity of difplaying that bra¬ 
very and fkill which the Turks had fo often and fo fatally 
experienced ; and menaced their executioners with the 
vengeance of their brethren in Upper Egypt. Of 800 ma¬ 
malukes, who were inclofed within the walls of the cita¬ 
del, none efcaped ; and in the courfe of the month, 800 
more were deftroyed in the towns and villages. A large 
body of troops marched immediately againft the furviving 
beys in Upper Egypt, namely, Ibrahim Bey the Great, 
who fo fuccefsfully eluded the French under Gen. Deflaix, 
that Denon termed him the Egyptian Fabius ; Ofman Bey 
Hafian, Selim Bey Machrami, Achmet Bey Manifauch, 
and Ali Bey Ajun. Thefe, under the command of Ibra¬ 
him Bey, were at the head of 800 mamalukes, with a con- 
fiderable body of negroes and Arabs, encamped near the 
Catarafts. It is underftood in England, that the viceroy’s 
troops had furprifed thefe mamalukes of Upper Egypt, and 
fucceeded in defttoying the laft remains of this Angular 
people, which had Tubfifted, with fuch varied fortunes, 
from the days of Saladin to the prelent period. Gent. Mag. 
Dec. i8ix. 
MAMAMAN'DY, a town of Hindooftan, in the Car¬ 
natic : thirty-five miles eaft of Coilpetta. 
MAM'ANOOK, one of the Sooloo iflands. Lat. 6. 3. N. 
Ion. 121. 45. E. 
M AM ARACPOU'R, a town of Hindooftan,in Benaret: 
twenty miles fouth-eaft of Chunar. 
MAM ARACPOU'R, a town of Bengal: nine miles 
fbuth of Moorley. 
MAMARA'GHTY, mountains of Ireland, in the coun¬ 
ty of Galway : thirteen miles weft-north-weft of Caftlebar. 
MAMARONECK', a townfhip of America, in Weft 
Chefter county, New York; containing 512 inhabitants. 
MA'MAT (St.), a town of France, in the department 
of the Cantal, and chief place of a canton, in the diftridt 
of Auiillac. The place contains 1408, and the canton 
8181, inhabitants, in thirteen communes.—A town of 
France, in the department of the Gard, and chief place of 
a canton, in the difirift of Nimes : nine miles north- weft 
of Nimes. The place contains 561, and the canton 6066, 
inhabitants, in fifteen communes. 
MAMA'Y, or MaMeT,^ in botany. SeeMAMMEA. 
MAMBAHENA'WAN, a fmall i(land in the Ealtern 
Indian Sea: fifty miles north-eaft of Borneo. Lat. 6. 26. N. 
Ion. 118. 45. E. 
MAMBA'RY, a town of Hindooftan, in the province 
of Dindigul: twenty miles north of Dindigu). 
MAMBAPIL'LY, a town of Hindooftan, in Mylore : 
twenty-three miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Cbinna Balabarum. 
MAMBO'NA. See Manbona. 
MAMBRUN' (Peter), a learned Jefuit, celebrated for 
his Latin poetry, was born in 1600, at Montferrand in 
Auvergne. After having taught rhetoric in the iociety’s 
■ • 'College 
