M A N 
MA'NE-SHEET, /. A fort of covering for the upper 
part of a horfe’s head, and all round his neck, which at 
one end has two holes for the ears to pafs through, and 
then joins to the halter upon the fore-part of the head, 
and likewife to the furcingle, or long girth, upon the 
horfe’s back. 
MANEBEL'LO, a fmall ifland in the Eaflern Indian 
Sea. Lat. 4. 9. S. Ion. 131. 58. E. 
MA'NED, adj. Having a mane. 
MANE'GE, f. [French.] The fcience of horfemanfhip. 
The training of horfes for a particular purpofe. A riding- 
fchool. — If the weather is very hot, you may leave your 
riding at the manege till your return to Paris. Chejlerfield. 
MA'NEH,/! [Hebrew.] A weight of gold confiding 
of one hundred fbekels, valued at 75I. a weight of filver 
confiding of fixty fhekels, valued at 7I. 10s. derling; a 
fpecies of money. 
MANEL'LI (Francefco), of Tivoli, is deferring of no¬ 
tice as being the compofer of the firft Italian opera that 
was performed on a public dage in Venice, in 1635. This 
drama, infilled Temijiocle, was written by Ferrari, himfelf 
a compofer; but the preference given to Manelli, either 
by the author of the words or by the public, at fuch an 
era, is an indifputable proof of refpeft for his abilities; 
and a dill lefs fufpicious compliment to his talents, was 
his being retained by the fame poet, and the fame public, 
to compofe a fecond opera, Andromeda, in 1637. In fub- 
fequent years he compofed four more operas, which had 
great fuccefs. 
MANEN'TES, f. [from the Lat. maneo, to continue.] 
Tenants. An old law-term. 
MANER'BIO, a town of Italy, in the department of 
the Mela: twelve miles foutli of Brefcia. 
MA'NES, a fon of Jupiter and Tellus, who reigned in 
Masonia. He was father of Cotys by Callirrhoe, the 
daughter of Oceanus. 
MA'NES, f. A poetical term, fignifying the fhades or 
fouls of the deceafed..—The heathens ufed a variety of 
ceremonies and facrifices to appeafe the manes of thole 
who were deprived of burial. Chambers . 
Hail, O ye holy manes ! hail again, 
Paternal alhes ! Dry den’s Virgil . 
The DU Manes, were the fame with Inferi, or the in¬ 
fernal gods, who tormented men; and to thefe the hea¬ 
thens offered facrifices, to affuage their indignation. The 
heathen theology is a little obfcure with regard to thefe 
gods, manes. Some hold, that they were the fouls of the 
dead ; others that they were the genii of men ; which lad 
opinion fuits belt with the etymology of the word, and 
fuch is their origin according to Hefiod; and thus it may 
be referred to a prevailing opinion, that the world was full 
of genii, fome of whom attended on the living, and others 
on the dead: thus, when Virgil fays, Quifque fuos patimur 
manes, it is, according to Servius, as if he had faid, “ We 
have each of us our genius.” 
The heathens, it is pretty evident, ufed the word Manes 
in feveral fenfes; fo that it fometimes lignified the ghofts 
of the departed, and fometimes the infernal or fubterra- 
neous deities, and in general all divinities that prefided 
over burying-places, and the monuments of the dead. 
They were worlhipped with great folemnity, particularly 
by the Romans. The augurs always invoked them when 
they proceeded to exercile their facerdotal offices. Virgil 
introduces his hero as facrificing to the infernal deities, 
and to the Manes, a vidim whofe blood was received in 
a ditch. The word Manes is fuppofed to be derived from 
Mania, who was by fome reckoned the mother of thofe 
tremendous deities. Others derive it from manare, quod 
per omnia atherea terrenaque manabant, becaufe they filled the 
air, particularly in the night, and were intent to moleft 
and difturb the peace of mankind. Some fay, that Manes 
comes from manis, an old Latin word which fignified good 
or propitious. The epitaphs of the Romans were always 
fuperfcribed with D. M, Dis Manibus, to reipind the faeri- 
Vol, XIV. No. 973. 
MAN 273 
legious and profane, not to moled the monuments of the 
dead, which were guarded with fuch fandity, 
MA'NES, Ma'ni, or Manichte'us, in biography. See 
Manichean. 
MANES'SON-MAL'LET (Alan), an able French ma¬ 
thematician who ffourilhed in the feventeenth century, 
was a native of Paris. He entered into the fervice of the 
king of Portugal, and diftinguifhed himfelf in the pro- 
feffion of a military engineer. Afterwards he was ap¬ 
pointed mathematical tutor to the pages of Louis XIV. 
We have met with no other particulars relative to his per- 
fonal hiftory. He was the author of feveral efteemed works, 
among which are, 1. Martial Studies, or the Art of War, 
1691, 3 vols. 8vo, illuftrated with cuts. 2. A Defcription 
of the Univerfe, containing the different Syftems of the 
World, general and particular Maps of Ancient and Mo¬ 
dern Geography, See. 1683, 5 vols. 8vo. with appropriate 
engravings, &c. 3. ATreatife on Practical Geometry, 1702, 
4 vols. 8 vo. &c. As the author had travelled much,poffeffed 
confiderable experience, and drew all his plans himfelf, 
which are ably executed, his books continue to be inrequeff. 
MANE'THOS, an ancient Egyptian hiftorian, called 
the Sebennite, from the place of his origin, was high-pried 
of Heliopolis in the reign of Ptolemy Philadelphus, about 
B. C. 304. He wrote in Greek a hiftory of Egypt, from 
the earlieft times to the laft year of Nedanebis. The mat¬ 
ter of this hiftory he afferts to have been extracted front 
certain pillars in the Siriadic land, whereon inferiptionj 
had been made in the facred dialed by Thoth, the fird 
Mercury, which, after the flood, were tranflated into the 
Greek tongue, but written in the facred charader, and 
were laid up in books in the facred receffes of Egypt by 
the fecond Mercury. But this account, which could only 
relate to the earlier portions of the hiftory, isfo manifestly 
incredible, by its reference to the Greek language at a pe¬ 
riod when it could not be known in Egypt, that the vvri- 
ters of the Univerfal Hiftory fufped fome miftake or cor¬ 
ruption in the paffage of Eufebius containing it. The 
work of Manethos was divided into three tomes, the fird 
of which comprehended the hiftory of the gods and demi¬ 
gods fo called (for he feems to have confidered them 
only as mortal men eminent for virtue) ; the fecond, that 
of eight dynallies of kings ; and the third, of twelve. 
The chronology of thefe is extremely obfcure, and in part 
evidently fabulous; but the improbability of the number 
and length of the dynafties is leffened by the fuppofitiora 
that they refer to kings of different diftrids, who reigned 
at the fame time. The Hiftory of Manethos is loft ; but 
his Dynafties have been preferved, being firlt epitomized 
by Julius Africanus, from whom they were tranferibed 
by Eufebius, and inferted in his Chronicle. From Eufe- 
bius they were copied by George Syncellus. Several frag¬ 
ments of the Hiftory are alfo preferved by Jofephus in his 
work againft Apion. VoJJii Hijl. Gr<ec. Univ. Hijl. 
MAN'ETIN, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Pil- 
fen : ten miles eaft-fouth-ealt of Teufing. 
MANETO'E, a river on the weltern territory of Ame¬ 
rica, which runs into Lake Winebago in lat. 43. 50. N. 
Ion. 87. 54. V/. 
MANET'TI (Gianozzo), a very learned Italian, was 
born of a good family at Florence, in 1396. His firft def- 
tination being to trade, he received a correfpondent edu¬ 
cation, and was placed at ten years of age with a banker ; 
but a natural propensity to letters caufed him to be foon 
difgufted with this employment, and he applied with great 
ardour to every kind of literature then cultivated. Amon°- 
other proofs of his zeal for inftrudion, was that of his 
taking into his houfe two Greeks and a Hebrew, with 
whom he bargained that they fliould always converfe witli 
him in their native tongues, by which means he rendered 
them both perfectly familiar to him. His high reputation 
caufed him to be appointed by the Florentines to <d V e 
public ledures on the ethics of Ariftotle, which were’at- 
tended by a numerous auditory. At the age of thirty- 
five he married, and was afterwards employed by the State 
4 A fn 
