MAN 
i6. Manuka hifpida, orhifpid manuka: leaves obovate, 
ferrated, villous; Item decumbent. 
a 7 . Manuka cordata, or heart-leaved manuka : leaves 
heart-lhaped, ferrated ; Item decumbent, creeping. As 
genera connected with or refembling this, fee Buchnera, 
Erinus, Euphrasia, Lobelia, Scrophularia, and 
Thymus. 
To MANUMI'SE, v a. [manumitto, Lat.] Tofetfree; 
to difmifs from flavery.—A conitant report of a danger fo 
imminent run through the whole caftle, even into the deep 
dungeons, by the compaflion of certain manumifed flaves. 
Knolles. 
He prefents 
To thee, renown’d for piety and force, 
Poor captives manumis'd, and matchlefs horfe. Waller. 
MANUMIS'SION,/ [manumiffio, Lat.] The aft of giv¬ 
ing liberty to tlaves.—Slaves wore iron rings until their 
manumiffion or preferment. Breton's Vulgar Errours. —The 
pileus was fomewhat like a night-cap, as the fymbol of 
liberty, given to flaves at their manumijfion. Arbuthnot. 
Among the Romans, the manumiflion of flaves was per¬ 
formed three feveral ways. 1. When, with his matter’s 
confent, a flave had his name entered in the cenfus, or pub¬ 
lic regifter of the citizens. 2. When the flave was led 
before the prastor, and that magiftrate laid his wand, called 
vindiEla, on his head. 3. When the matter gave the flave 
his freedom by his teflament. Servius Tullius is faid to 
have fet on foot the firft manner; and P. Valerius Publi- 
cola the fecond. A particular account is given of the 
third in the Inititutesof the Juttinian. It was not necef- 
fary that the prastor fliould be on his tribunal to perform 
the ceremony of manumiflion; he did it any-where indif¬ 
ferently, in his houfe, in the Itreet, in going to bathe, Sec. 
He laid the rod on the flave’s head, pronouncing thefe 
words, Dico turn liberum ejfe more Quiritum, “ I declare him 
a freeman, after the manner of the Romans.” This done, 
he gave the rod to the liCtor, who ft ruck the flave with it 
on the head, and afterwards with his hand on his face and 
back ; and the notary or feribe entered the name of the 
new freedman in the regifter, with the reafons of his ma¬ 
numiflion. The flave had likewife his head thaved, and a 
cap given him by his mafter as a token of freedom. Ter- 
tullian adds, that he had then alfo a third name given 
him; if this were fo, three names were not a token of 
nobility, but of freedom. The emperor Conftantine or¬ 
dered the manumiffions at Rome to be performed in the 
churches. 
Of manumiflion there have alfo been various forms in 
England. In the time of the Conqueror, villains were 
manumitted, by the mafter’s delivering them by the right 
hand to the vifeount, in full court, (bowing them the door, 
giving them a lance and a fword, and proclaiming them 
free. Others were manumitted by charter. There was 
alfo an implicit manumiflion : as when the lord made an 
obligation for payment of money to the bondman at a 
certain day, or fued him where he might enter without 
fuit, and the like. 
To MANUMIT', v. a. To releafe from flavery.— Manu¬ 
mit and releafe him from thofe drudgeries to vice, under 
which thofe remain who live without God. Government of 
the Tongue. 
Thou wilt beneath the burden bow. 
And glad receive the manumitting blow 
On thy fhav’d flavifti head. Dry den's Juvenal . 
MANUMIT'TING, /. The aft of rekafing from 
flavery. 
-MANUPEL'LA, a town of Naples, in Abruzzo Citra : 
eight miles fouth of Civita di Chieta. 
MAN'UPES, /. [from the Lat. mams , the hand, and 
pes, the foot.] A foot of good and lawful meafure. Phillips. 
MANU'RABLE, adj. Capable of cultivation.—This 
book gives an account of the manurable lands in every ma¬ 
nor. Hale's Origin of Mankind. 
Vol. XIV, No. 976. 
.MAN 3 LS 
MANU'RAGE,./ [from manure.] Cultivation: 
This ilk had Brutaine unto name, 
And with his Trojans Brute began manurage of the fame. 
IVarner’s Albion's England. 
MANU'RANCE, f. Agriculture; cultivation. An 
obfolete word, worthy of revival.—Although there fliould 
none of them fall by the fword, yet they being kept 
from manurance, and their cattle from running abroad, by 
this hard reftraint they would quickly devour one another. 
Spenfer on Ireland. 
To MANU'RE, v. a. \manceuvrer, Fr.] To cultivate by 
manual labour: 
They mock our fcant manuring, and require 
More hands than ours to lop their wanton growth. Milton. 
To dung; to fatten with compofts.'—Fragments of (hells, 
reduced by the agitation of the fea to powder, are ufed 
for the manuring of land. Woodward.-— To fatten as a 
compoft: 
Revenge her flaughter’d citizens, 
Or (hare their fate; the corps of half her fenate 
Manure the fields of Theflaly, while we 
Sit here, deliberating in cold debates. Addijon. 
MANU'RE, f. Soil to be laid on lands ; dung or com¬ 
poft to fatten land.—Mud makes an extraordinary manure 
for land that is Tandy. Mortimer's Hujbandry. 
When the Nik from Pharian fields is fled, 
The fat manure with heav’nly fire is warm’d. Dryden. 
Nothing very material has been added to our knowledge 
refpeCting manures fince the publication of the article Hu s- 
bandry. Sir Humphry Davy’s Elements of Agricultu¬ 
ral Chemiftry will, however, be perufed with great intereit 
by every practical agriculturift. The important fubjecl of 
manures, which is capable of receiving the greatelt illus¬ 
tration from the principles of chemiftry, occupies, ac¬ 
cordingly, aconfiderable portion of this work. We know 
not any department in practical agriculture where greater 
ignorance, negligence, andabufe, prevail, than in the col¬ 
lection, management, and application of fold-yard ma¬ 
nure. It is quite lamentable to furvey a farm-yard in 
many parts of the kingdom ; to fee the abundance .of ve¬ 
getable matter that is trodden for months under foot, .over 
a furface of perhaps half an acre of land, expofed to all the 
rains that fall, by which its more foluble and richer parts 
are waftied away, or perhaps carried down to poifon the 
water of fome ftagnant pool, which the unfortunate cat¬ 
tle are afterwards compelled to drink. Often too, where 
greater pains are at firft taken in thp collection of the ma¬ 
nure, practices little kfs injurious are permitted to prevail. 
The heap of dung is carelefsly accumulated, is trodden and 
poached by cattle, and fo drenched and waftied with rain, 
that its more foluble materials ooze out in every part, and 
are loft"; and fermentation in the mats is effectually check¬ 
ed ; or, if this procefs happen to begin, a new train of mif- 
chiefs fucceeds. The fermentation, initead of being mo¬ 
derated in its aCtion, and uniformly ditfufed througn thef 
mafs, is fuffered to run on to excels; by which means, not 
only is the heap of manure greatly reduced in quantity, 
but all its more valuable qualities are given to winds, and 
little elfe remains than a comparatively inactive refidue. 
Nothing can be fo likely to remove ignorance fo deplor¬ 
able, and prejudices fo inveterate, as the ditfulion of real 
knowledge concerning the nature of manures, and their 
mode of aCtion on foils, and on the plants which grow in 
them. Dr. D. omits all mention of his predeceflors, and 
proceeds to give us his own ideas on thefe lubjeCts. Thele 
we confider, though not always novel, yet as generally juft; 
and (hall therefore lay a (hort abltraCt of them before our 
readers. 
Manures, he obferves, muft be extremely attenuated, to 
enter the abforbent veffels of plants. Powders, in their 
molt impalpable forms, are unable to do fo; they mult be 
reduced to a llate of complete lolution in a fluid before 
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