M A P 
MA'PLE-TREE. See Acer. —The maple-tree hath 
jagged or angular leaves; the feeds grow two together in 
hard-winged veflels : there are feveral fpecies; the greater 
maple is falfly called the fycamore-tree; the common maple 
is frequent in hedge-rows. Miller. 
The platane round, 
The carver holme, the mapple feldom inward found. Spenfer. 
Of the extraftion of fugar from the Acer faccharinum, 
fee vol. i. p. 64. M. Sarazin obferved fome very remark¬ 
able particulars in regard to the faccharine quality of this 
juice, without which it never had it in the proper perfec¬ 
tion. 1. The tree, at the time that the juice is drawn out, 
mult have its bottom covered with fnow ; and, it it is not 
naturally fo, the Indians know fo well the necefiity of it, 
that they always bring fnow from elfewhere, and heap it 
tip round it. 2. This fnow mult afterwards be melted 
away by the fun-lhine, not gradually thawed by a warm 
air. 3. There mult have been a frolty night before the 
opening of the hole in the trunk. It is remarkable that 
thefe circumltances are fuch as cultom and experience 
alone could have pointed out, fince they feem contrary 
to reafon ; and fo it is in many of the operations in clie- 
milt ry, where the moll feemingly rational means fail, while 
thole which Ihould feem quite contradictory to reafon fuc- 
ceed. It is obferved, that, if the juice of the maple be 
not in a condition to become faccharine while the fnow 
lies at its root unthawed, it aimoft immediately be¬ 
comes fo on the melting of the fnow, and its penetrating 
into the earth. (Mem. Acad. Par. 1730.) The juice of 
the maple, unboiled, has been drunk as an antifcorbutic ; 
the fugar and molaffes, which are faid to be lefs fweet than 
tliofe extrafted from the fugar-cane, are fuppofed to be 
more medicinal in diforders of the brealt. 
MA'PLESDOWN, a village in Kent, north-weft of 
Wrotham. 
MA'PLESTEAD (Great and Little), villages in Eflex, 
near Calile Heningham. 
MA'PLETON, a village in the ealt riding of Yorklhire, 
in Holdernels, near Fodlingham. 
MAPO'CHO, a river of Chili, which waters the city of 
St. Yago, and runs into the Maypo near Pudagul. 
MAPOUD'ER, a village in Dorletlhire, three miles 
north-ealt ot Buckland Abbas. It is a large pari Hi 5 with 
a very ancient leat of the Cokers, near the church. 
M APOU'RI A, f. in botany, a (lirub of Guiana, found 
by Aublet on the banks of the river Sinemari, flowering 
in September- It is called by the natives maypouri-crabbi, 
becaule the maypouris, or wild cattle, are fond of the leaves 
and branches, and thence the above name was conltruCted. 
The root throws up many foft brittlejuicy Items, about 
eight or nine feet high, clothed with a greenilli bark. 
Leaves oppofite, each pair crofting the next, oval, pointed, 
entire, pliable, fmooth and Ihining, with one rib, and nu¬ 
merous tranfverfe parallel veins; each leaf eight inches 
long at molt, and about half as broad, lupported by a foot- 
ltalk an inch in length. Flowers fmall; calyx fuperior, 
of live teeth ; corolla white, of one petal, its limb in five 
fegments, about twice the length of the tube. Stamens 
' five, as long as the limb, infected into the tube between 
the fegments. The mouth of the tube is befet with white 
hairs. Germen inferior, oval; Ityle fimple, as long as the 
ftamens ; Itigma of two oblong lobes. Fruit unknown. 
Aublet's Guiana, vol. i. p. 175. 
As a genus, it muft belong to the clafs pentandria, or¬ 
der monogynia, of Linnaeus, and to the feventh feftion 
of Juliieu’s great natural order of rubiacese. 
MAP'PA,y. in botany. See Ricxnus. 
M AP'PA,yi in the public games of the Roman circus, 
was a napkin hung out at the prsetor’s or other great ma- 
giftrate’s feat, as a fignal for the race or other diverfions 
to begin. Notice was anciently given by found of trum¬ 
pet ; but Nero is faid to have introduced the mappa, by 
throwing his napkin out of the window to fatisfy the peo¬ 
ple, who grew noify at the delay of the fports while lie was 
at dinner. 
M A R 323 
MAPPA'RIUS, /. The officer who gave the fignal to 
the gladiators to begin fighting; which he did by throw¬ 
ing the mappa , or handkerchief, that he received from the 
emperor or other magistrate. 
MAP'PERY, f. [from wap.] The art of planning and 
and defigning. Hanmer. 
The ftili and mental parts, 
That do contrive how many hands fhall llrike 
When fitnefs calls them on ; 
They call this bed work, mapp'ry, clofet-war. Shakefpeare. 
MAP'PIA, f. [fo named by Schreber, in memory of 
Mark Mappus, M. D. a phyfician and botanil! at Strafburgli, 
who in 1691 publifhed a irmo, Catalogue of the Plants 
in the public garden of that univerfity. He alfo publifhed, 
as profeflor, fome inaugural diifertations on tea, coffee, 
and chocolate, and on the rofe of Jericho. His Hiltoria 
Plantarum Alfaticarum, appeared in i742,aftertheauthor’s 
death, in 4to. with plates. Mappi died in 1701, at the age 
of fixty-nine.] In botany, a genus of the clafs polyandria, 
order monogynia. The generic characters are—Calyx ; 
perianthium one-leafed, five-parted, permanent; parts 
roundifh, concave, coloured within. Corolla: petals 
five, roundifh, having claws, fpreading, fcarcely larger 
than the calyx. Stamina: filaments numerous (fixty), 
capillary, broader at the tip, the length of the corolla, in- 
ferted into the receptacle; anthers ovate. Piltillum : 
germ globular, fuperior; ftyle columnar, incurved, per¬ 
manent; ftigma capitate. Pericarpium : berry ovate, one- 
celled. Seed: fingle, ovate, large, involved in a thick vifcid 
aril.— EJJ'ential Character . Calyx five-parted; corolla five- 
petalled ; germ fuperior ; berry one-feeded ; feed arilled. 
Mappia Guianenfis, or climbing mappia; a fingle fpe¬ 
cies. It is a fhrub, with branches full of little tubercles, 
climbing over trees to their very tops, and dividing into 
many alternate branchlets, which are long and hang down. 
Upon thefe are leaves, which are alternate, linooth, thick, 
narrowing at the bale, where they terminate in a petiole, 
an inch in length, thick, convex underneath and chan¬ 
nelled above; the largeft are fix inches long, and three 
inches and a half wide ; they are divided by a longitudinal 
nerve, prominent beneath, with feveral lateral nerves 
fpringing from it. Flowers in little bunches from the 
axils of the leaves, or on the tubercles of the branches 
and branchlets. Peduncles long, reddifh, flender; calyx 
alfo reddifh within; corolla white; berry red, the fize of 
a cherry ; the fkin flefhy, firm, flightly acid. Native of 
Guiana, on the banks of the river of Sinemari, flowering 
and fruiting in May. 
MAP'PING, f. The aft of making maps. 
M APROUNE'A,^/! in botany. See ASgopricoN. 
M'APUN'CO, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of 
Angola. 
MAQUALBA'RY, a river of Africa, which runs into 
the Atlantic about twenty miles fouth-eaft from the 
Scherbro. Lat. 6. 30. N. Ion. 10. 30. V/. 
MAQUE'DA, a town of Spain, in New Caftile: thirty- 
two miles fouth-weft of Madrid. 
MAQUILA'PA, a town of Mexico: fifteen miles fouth- 
weft of Chiapa. 
To MAR, v. a. [amyjijaan, Sax.] To injure ; to fpoil ; 
to hurt; to mifchief 5 to damage.—The ambition to pre¬ 
vail in great things is lefs harmful than that other, to ap¬ 
pear in every thing ; for that breeds confufion, and marrs 
bufinefs when great in dependencies. Bacon's EJays. 
O ! could we fee how caufe from caufe doth fpring ! 
How mutually they link’d and folded are : 
And hear how oft one difagreeing firing 
The harmony doth rather make than marr. Da.icu 
MA^'-HAWK,/ A fpoilerof hawks.—It is the duty 
of a falconer to be endued with a great deal of patience ; 
and to have a natural love and inclination to hawks; with¬ 
out thefe two qualifications, all the profeftors of this art 
will prove mar-hawks, inftead of good falconers. Britijk 
Sportfman, 
« 
MA'RA, 
