MAR 
900 men info this place, who were Toon after obliged to 
furrender prifoners of war. It is thirty-fix miles north of 
Frankfort on the Maine, and fifty-fix eaft-north-eaft of 
Coblentz. Lat. 50.48. N. Ion. 8.48. E. 
MAR'BURG, a village in Cheshire, near Nortliwich. 
—Another village in Chefhire, near Malpas. 
MARC la JA'ILLE (St.), a town of France, in the 
department of the Lower Loire, and chief place of a canton, 
in the diftriff of Ancenis. The place contains 1509, arid 
the canton 5135, inhabitants, in feven communes. 
MAR'CA (Peter de), a celebrated French prelate, was 
born at Gant, in the principality of Bearn, in the year 
1594.. Having laid a good foundation in claffical learning 
and polite literature, he went through a courfe of phijo- 
fophy under the Jefuits at Touloufe; after this he ftudied 
the law, and at the age of twenty-two was nominated by 
Louis XIII. counfellor in the fovereign council of Pau ; 
in which, though he was the only Catholic in that court, 
he conduced himfelf with fo much prudence, that he main¬ 
tained perfect harmony with all his coadjutors, and was 
fuccefsful in bringing back, feveral of the reformed into 
the bofom of the catholic church. Soon after, he married 
a lady of rank, by whom he had feveral children. In the 
midlt of other important engagements, he devoted much 
of his time to the ftudy of theology and ecclefiaflical an¬ 
tiquities. In 1639 he was called to Paris, and was -ho¬ 
noured with the rank and dignity of counfellor of Rate. 
In the following year he publifhed his Hi Rory of Bearn, 
which tended greatly to confirm the reputation that he had 
already acquired for learning and abilities. About this 
time M. Herfent publifhed an artful defence of the Papal 
pretenfions over the Gallican church, in the form of a fa- 
tire on the policy of cardinal Richelieu, which, it pre¬ 
tended, aimed at the reparation between the churches of 
Rome and France, fimilar to the fchifm produced by 
Henry VIII. in England ; and the erection of a patri¬ 
archate in France, in the perfon of the cardinal. To 
counteract the effects of this work, Richelieu employed 
the pen of M. de Marca, who, in 164.1, publifhed a piece 
entitled “ De Concordia Sacerdotii et Imperii, live de 
jLibertatibus Ecclefias Gallicse.” This was a very learned, 
and generally-eReemed excellent, vindication of the rights 
and liberties of the French church and Rate; and it was 
received with great applaufe by thofe Catholics, who, 
though Readily attached to the doftrines of the church of 
Rome, refiRed the tyranny and injuftice of its afpiring 
pontiffs; but in the court of Rome it excited much in- 
dignafion againR the author, of which he foon felt the ef¬ 
fects. The king appointed him (having been feveral 
years a widower) to a bifhopric, which the cardinals, by 
certain manoeuvres, prevented him from entering upon, 
till he had retraced or explained away every fentiment 
that had given offence at Rome, and declared his unre- 
ferved fubmiflion of what he had written, or might in fu¬ 
ture write, to the fovereign judgment of the holy apoflo- 
lic fee. Having by this fervile conduct appealed the re- 
fentment of the papal court, he was ordained priefl, and 
immediately afterwards confecrated bifhop. This was in 
the year 164-8 ; and in 1652, as a reward for other fervices, 
he was nominated archbifhop of Touloufe; but, by a new 
oppofition from the court of Rome, he was not tranflated 
till the year 1655. In 1658 he was made a minifter of 
Rate, and followed the king to Lyons; after which he was 
appointed to prefide over the Rates of Narbonne, upon the 
death of the archbifliop. After cardinal Mazarin had 
concluded a peace, Marca was fent to Rouffillon for the 
purpofe of determining, with the commiffioners of the 
king of Spain, the precife limits between France and 
Spain, according to the boundary-line of the ancient geo¬ 
graphers. Upon the death of the cardinal, in 1661, Marca 
was felefted as one of the perfons to prefide over ecclefi- 
afiical affairs 5 and in the following year he was, in confe- 
quence of the refignation of cardinal de Retz, nominated 
archbiRiop of Paris; but he did not live to enjoy, or even 
to take poffeffion of, this high office ; he died about the 
Vol.XIV. No. 978. 
M A R (137 
fixfy-eighth year of his age. He was a man of profound 
erudition, of a fine underitanding, and of an extraordi¬ 
nary genius for bufinefs. He was a great politician, a 
good lawyer, a learned divine, and an able critic; but he 
never fcrupled to make his principles give way, if by fo 
doing he could promote his own intereRs. A few months 
before his death he diflated to his fecretary “ A Treatife 
on the Infallibility of the Pope,” with the exprefs view of 
recommending himfelf to a cardinal’s hat. The beR edi¬ 
tion of his celebrated work De Concordia was publifhed 
after his death, in 1704, in which the conceffions with 
which he had purchafed the papal bull to obtain the pre¬ 
lacy, were, by his order, direfted to be omitted, and the 
work given in its original Rate. He was author of feveral 
other pieces, among which were, 4. Marca Hifpanica, 
1688, folio, containing a curious and valuable geographi¬ 
cal and hiliorical defcription of Catalonia, Roulfillon, 
and the neighbouring countries. 5. Diflertatio de pri- 
matu Lugdunenfi, et caeteris primatibus, 1644, 8vo. 6. 
Epiftola ad Henric. Valefium de Tempore quo primum in 
Galliis fufcepta eR ChriRi Fides, 1658. 7. An Account 
of what palled in the Affemblies of the Bilhops in 1653, 
on the Subject of the five Propofitions, 1657, 4to. 8. A 
pofihumous collection of Theological Treatifes, fome in 
Latin, and others in French, edited in 1668, 4to. by the 
abbe de Faget, a relation of the archbiRiop. 9. Two vo¬ 
lumes of Opulcula, which are alfo poRhuinous, and were 
given to the public by M. Baluze, one in 1669, and the 
other in 1681, in 8vo. Dupin. Moreri. Nouv. DiEl. Hijl. 
MAR'CAB, in aRronomy, a fixed Rar in the wing of 
Pegafus. 
MARCAN'THUS, f. [fo called by an unaccountable, 
though we prefume accidental, ini Rake for Macranthus, 
the derivation of its name being avowedly from /zazgo;, 
long, and av 9 oj, a flower; being remarkable for the great 
length of its flower.] In botany, a genus of the clafs dia- 
delphia, order decandria, natural order papilionacete, 
(leguminofse, JuJf.) Generic characters—Calyx: perian- 
thium inferior, tubular, coloured, downy, permanent, 
cloven into four acute fegments, the two lateral ones 
fliorter. Corolla: papilionaceous, very long, alinofl doled ; 
flandard ovate, emarginate, connivent, longer than the 
calyx ; wings oblong, ereCt, thrice as long as the flandard ; 
keel longer than the wings, with an acute afcending point. 
Stamina: filaments ten, Ample and nine-cleft, all linear- 
turbinate, acuminated and flraight, four of them three 
times as thick as the refi ; antherse of the thicker ones 
ovate, incumbent; of the others oblong and upright. 
Piltillum: germen fuperior, oblong, cylindrical ; Ryle 
thread-fliaped, hairy all over, the length of the flamens ; 
fligma obtufe, roughifli. Pericarpiuin : legume flraight, 
nearly cylindrical, thick, pointed. Seeds : numerous, 
nearly ovate.— Ej/ential CharaEler, Keel and wings very 
long; legume thick, fomewhat cylindrical. 
Marcanthus Cochinchinenfis, a Angle fpecies. The 
Rem is herbaceous, long, round, twining, branched. 
Leaves ternate, ovate-rhomboid, hairy. Stipules thread- 
fliaped. Flowers white, with a calyx of the fame colour, 
on inany-flovvered axillary Ralks. Legume efculent, al¬ 
though neither well-tafled nor falubrious. Inhabits Co- 
chinchina, where it is called dau meo. 
MARCAPA'TA, a town of Peru, in the jurifdiftion 
of Quifnicanchi. 
MARCA'RIA, a town of Italy, in the department of 
the Mincio, on theOglio: fourteen miles fouth-wefl of 
Mantua. 
MARCA'SI, three fmall iflands in the Pacific Ocean 
near the coafl of Peru. Lat. 11. 30, S, 
MAR'CASITE, or Arsenical Pyrites. See the ar¬ 
ticle Mineralogy.— The term marcafite has been very 
improperly ufed by fome for bifmuth, and by others for 
zink; the more accurate writers however always exprefs 
a fubflance different from either of thefe by it, fulphureous 
and metallic. The marcafite is a folid hard foflil, naturally 
found among the veins of ores, or in the fiflures of flone^ 
4 R the 
