MAR 
the following: “ II Trionfo della Poefia e della Mufica, 
nil celebrarfi la Morte, la Efaltazione, e la Incoronazione, 
di Maria fempre Vergine alfunto in Cielo; Oratorio fagro 
a 6 voci; 1733. Mufica e Poefia di Benedetto Marcello.” 
The interlocutors are Poetry, Mufic, Painting, Sculpture, 
and a chorus of Poets, Liberal Arts, and Old Muficians. 
But thefe perfonifications are not fo wide from facred fub- 
jefts as Acis and Galatea, Alexander’s Feaft, and Semele. 
And, though the fubjedt of this drama may be too play¬ 
ful, and the airs too gay for an oratorio, yet it is amufing 
to fee how a great man may amufe himfelf in trying to 
amufe others. It mult be owned that the chorufi'es and 
accompaniment’s of Handel’s oratorios have made the Eng- 
lifh faflidious about facred mufic. But Marcello inult 
ever be admired for Italian grace and finoothnefs, and 
Handel for German force and vigour. He died in 1741. 
Burney. 
MARCEL'LO (St.), a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Dora : five miles fouth-eait of Aolta. 
MARCEL'LUS, a celebrated Roman general. See the 
article Rome. 
MARCEL'LUS, furnamed Empiricus, the Empiric, 
was a native of Bourdeaux, and held an appointment un¬ 
der the emperors Theodofius and Arcadius. He died in 
the reign of Theodofius the younger, who afcended the 
throne of the eaftern empire in the year 408. It does not 
appear that Marcellus purfued the Itudy of medicine as a 
profefiion ; but took it up as an amateur, without acquir¬ 
ing any profound (kill in it. He compiled from authors, 
both ancient and contemporary, and efpecially from Scri- 
bonius Largus, whom he copies literally without acknow¬ 
ledgment, and alfo from popular report, a colleflion of 
medicines and receipts for all the difeafes of the body ; 
in which, however, his fuperftition is more confpicuous 
than his judgment. Neverthelefs his work has been pre- 
ferved, and printed under the title of “ De Medicamentis 
empiricis phyficis et rationalibus Liber, a Jano Cornario 
verfus,” Bafil, 1536, &c. and was included among the 
Medicae Artis I^rincipes, collected by Henry Stephens. 
Marcellus dedicated this compilation to his children, in 
an epiftle, which is preferved, with a view of teaching them 
the means of relieving their difeafes by Ample remedies ; 
but at the fame time he counfels them not to negledl the 
more compound ones when necefTary, and to confult the 
moft expert phyficians before they employ them. Eloy, 
Did. Hift. 
MARCEL'LUS I. (Pope), a native of Rome, became a 
refbyter under Marcellinus, and was his fuccefibr in the 
ifhopric of that city in the year 308, after the fee had 
been vacant for more than three years and a half. The 
particulars relating to this pope are not given on fufficient 
authority. It is laid in his epitaph, written by pope Da- 
mafus, that his firmnefs in maintaining the difcipline of 
the church, and in obliging thofs who had fallen during 
the times of perfecution to give proof of the genuinenels 
of their repentance, excited againft him the general ha¬ 
tred, which was not confined to private difputes and di- 
vifions, but ended in public tumults, bloodlhed, and 
murders. He adds, that Marcellus was fent into banilh- 
ment, and died in the fecond year of his pontificate, in 
the year 310. The church of Rome has given him a place 
in her lift of martyrs; but in the moft ancient martyrolo- 
gies he has only the title of confeffor. 
MARCEL'LUS II. (Pope), whofe family-name was 
Cervini, was a native of Fano in the Marche of Ancona, 
where his father filled the poll of receiver-general of the 
revenues of the holy fee. He purfued his ftudies at Sienna, 
and honourably dillinguilhed himfelf in his academic ex- 
ercifes. Afterwards he went to Rome, under the pontifi¬ 
cate of Paul III. who was fo much pleafed with his abi¬ 
lities and addrefs, that he appointed him his principal 
fecretary. He accompanied cardinal Farnefe, the nephew 
of that pontiff, into France and the Netherlands, to at¬ 
tempt bringing about a reconciliation between Francis I. 
aad the ewpexor Charles V, At this time he had the 
v M A R SZQ. 
title of bifhop of Nicaftro ; and was afterwards promoted 
to the fees of Reggio and Ugubio. Upon his return to- 
Rome, Paul created him. cardinal prelbyter of the holy 
crofs of Jerufalem, and nominated him one of the prefi- 
dents of the council of Trent. On the death of pope 
Julius III. in 1555, the conclave united in eledling our 
cardinal his fuccefibr. He commenced his pontificate by 
abjuring nepotilm,, and would not fuffer his nephews even 
to come to Rome. He is faid to have been a man of an 
irreproachable character, of inflexible integrity, of invin¬ 
cible refolution and conltancy, and to have formed great 
defigns for the reformation of the court and of the clergy ; 
but a fatal ftroke of apoplexy prevented him from carry¬ 
ing them into execution, on the twenty-firft day after his 
elevation. It was indeed reported, that he owed his death 
to poifon. Rycaul's Contin. of Platina. Moxeri. 
MARCEL'LUS DONA'TUS, a phyfician of the fif¬ 
teenth century, quitted the practice of his profefiion, and 
became fecretary to the duke of Mantua. He is known- 
as the author of a compilation of medical cafes and ob- 
fervations, collected from the Greek, Arabian, and later 
writers, who had preceded him. This work was firlt pub- 
lifiled at Mantua, in 1586, 4to. and afterwards at Venice, 
1588 and 1597, in fix books, with the title of “ De Hifi- 
toria Medica Mirabili Lib. VI.” Horftius afterwards re- 
publilhed it at Frankfort, in 8vo. in 1613, with a feventlr 
book, on difeafes reputed magical, and on extraordinary 
abltinence. Marcellus was alio author of a trail, “ De 
Variolis et Morbillis,” printed at Mantua in 1569, 4to. 
and 1597, 8vo. with another trail, “ De Radice purgante, 
quam vocant Mekoakan.” 
MARCEL'LUS, in geography, a military and poft- 
town of America, in Onondago-county, New York, litu- 
ated on Skaneatates lake, eleven miles weft of Onondago- 
caftle; incorporated in 1794, and containing 909 inhabi¬ 
tants. 
MARCENAT', a town of France, in the department 
of the Cantal, and chief place of a canton, in the diltriCt. 
of Murat. The place contains 2058,'and the canton 8957, 
inhabitants, in feven communes. 
MARCENOP'OLI, a town of Bulgaria, near the Vrana, 
anciently Marcianopolis. It was deltroyed by Attila : 
twenty miles weft-north-we ft of Vrana. Lat. 43. 10. N„ 
Ion. 27. 24. E. 
MARCES'CENT, adj. [from marcefcc , Lat. to fade.] 
Fading; withering. 
MARCES'CIBLE, adj. Fading away; foon withered.- 
M AR'CGRAVE, f. See Margrave. 
MARCGRA'VIA, /. [fo named by Plumier, in me¬ 
mory of George Marcgraf de Liebjlad , a native of Saxony,, 
who travelled with Pilo in the Brafils, and fubfequently. 
vifited the coafts of the Mediterranean. He died in pair¬ 
ing over to Africa, at the age of thirty-four, in 1644.. 
His account of the plants, animals, and inhabitants, of 
the Brafils, has been publilhed by De Laet, along with 
fome of the w ritings of Pilo, in a folio volume, dated 1648, 
illurtrated with wooden cuts. Marcgraf is mentioned by- 
Pifo, as “his excellent and very-diligent domeltic, of 
fome of whofe drawings and obfervations he has made ufe, 
which he acknowledges, left evil-minded perfons (liould 
accule him of enriching his works with ftolen decora¬ 
tions.”] In botany, a genus of the clafs polyandria,order 
monogynia, natural order of putaminese? (capparides, 
Jujf.) The generic charailers are—Calyx: penanthiuin 
lix-leaved, imbricate, permanent; leaflets roundilh, con- 
cave; the two outinoft larger. Corolla: one-petalled, 
conic-ovate, entire, clofed like a calyptre, parting at the 
bale, caducous. Stamina: filaments very many, awl- 
fhaped, Ihort, fpreading, deciduous; antherte upright, 
large, ovate-oblong. Piltillum : germ ovate ; Ityle none; 
ftigma headed, permanent. Pericarpium ; berry coriace¬ 
ous, globular, many-celled, many-valved. Seeds: nu- 
merous, fmall, oblong, neltling in foft pulp.— EjJential 
Ckarader. Corolla one-petalled, calyptre-lhaped; calyx 
fix-leaved, imbricate 5 berry many-celled, many-feeded. 
Marcgraviai 
