S6<> M A R 
Inquifition. At length the refult of his voluntary labours 
appeared under the title of Hijlori<e de Rebus llifpaniet 
libri xx. 1592. It was afterwards extended to thirty books. 
The Mentz edition of 1605 is the mod complete. The 
celebrity of this work was very great in his own and in 
other countries. A tranflation was loudly called for; 
and, happily for his own fame, lie refolved to be his own 
translator. But the Caftilian differs materially from the 
.Latin hiftory, becaufe Mariana had now acquired a more 
thorough knowledge of his fubjeCt. Even of this verlion 
each of the four editions which were publilhed in his life¬ 
time differs from the laft. The continual emendations 
evince that he fpared no pains to correCl his own errors; 
but they juftify the charge of his opponents, that he learnt 
the hi (lory of Spain while he was writing it. His hiftory 
conies down to the end of Fernando the Catholic’s reign. 
I have not ventured,” he fays in his dedication,” to 
pafs farther, and relate more modern events, left I Should 
offend by fpeaking the truth, or fail in my duty by dif- 
fembling it.” Mariana is no fervile hifforian; there were 
trammels hanging about him which he could not fliake off,' 
but every-where he gives proof of manly feelings and ho¬ 
nourable indignation againff guilt. He has been accufed 
of injuring the honour of Spain and the character of her 
kings, by fpeaking too plainly of their crimes; fuch an 
accufation is fufficient praife. The histories of the feveral 
Spanith kingdoms had hitherto been feparately related. 
Mariana carried them on together in chronological order. 
Something was loft in precilion, but more was gained in 
compaClnefs. Above all, he won the reader’s attention by 
a freer and ftronger flyle. They who read the hiftory of 
Spain for entertainment will always read it in Mariana ; 
he is the hiftorical claflic of his country. 
In 1599, he publilhed his treatife De Rege & Regis In- 
Jliiutione, which was condemned to the flames by order of 
the parliament of Paris, for its feditious tendency. The 
Jefuits have often maintained the rights of the people for 
the fake of their own order ; this was not Mariana’s cafe ; 
his views were of a wider range; he thought of mankind, 
not of the company. His next publication was of a very 
mifcellaneous nature. TraElalus feptem , turn theologici, turn 
hijlorici: viz. 1. De Adventa Beati Jacobi Apoftoli in 
Hifpaniam. 2. De Editione Vulgata S S. Bibliorum. 3. 
De Speftaculis. 4.. De Monetae Mutatione. 5. De Die 
& Anno Mortis Chrifti. 6. De Annis Arabum cum 
lioftris Annis comparatis. 7. De Morte & Immortalitate, 
lib. 3. Colonise, 1609. The fourth and the laft of thefe 
treatifes expofed him to perfecution. A long and vexa¬ 
tious procel's was inftituted againft him ; he was confined 
a year in the convent of St. Francifco at Madrid, and did 
not without difficulty get the affair terminated. In learch- 
ing his papers, a treatife was found upon the faults of the 
conftitution of the Jefuits. In consequence of this, and 
of his defence of Arias Montanus againft the wiihes of 
his order, he was never appointed to any office, but con¬ 
sidered as a fufpedied and difgraced member. A copy of 
this was obtained fecretly, and publilhed at Bourdeaux in 
3,625. He who publilhed it was no friend to the Jefuits, 
but apparently no enemy to Mariana, as the publication 
•was delayed till after his death. 
Mariana was not a man to be affliffed by fuch difgrace ; 
and the exemption from office he would rather regard as 
an advantageous privilege, which left him at leisure for his 
own purfujts. The remainder of his life was devoted to 
literature ; but, except an epitome of Photius, and fome 
remarks upon Garibay’s genealogical tables, his latter 
works were all upon theological fubjeCts. His laft publi¬ 
cation confided of Scholia upon the Old and New Tefta- 
ment, with an elegiac verfion of the Proverbs, Eccleiiaftes, 
and Solomon’s Song. He died at Toledo on the lixteenth 
of February, 1623, at the age of eighty-feven, having re¬ 
dded in that city forty-nine years, excepting the year of 
his confinement. The works which he left in manufcript 
are laid to have exceeded twice the number of all that he 
had publilhed, R. S, in Gen. Biog. 
MAR 
MARIA'NA, in ancient geography, a town and Ro¬ 
man colony of Corfica, eftablilhed by Marius; it was 
epifcopal, and its ruins now bear its name. It is ftill the 
fee of a biftrop : fixteen miles fouth of Baftia. 
MARIA'NA, a town of Italy, in the Veronefe: eight 
miles north-north-weft of Verona. 
MARIA'NA, a town of Italy, in the department of 
the Mincio : fifteen miles fouth-weft of Mantua. 
MARIA'NA I'SLANDS. See Ladrones,vo 1 .xH. p.78. 
MARIA'NA*) FOS'SAD, a town of Gaul Narbonenlis, 
which received its name from the tiykz (fojj'a Jthat Marius 
opened from thence to the lea. 
MARIANDY'NI, in ancient geography, a people of 
Afia, in Bithynia, or extending from Bithynia to Paph- 
Iagonia,on the banks of the gulf of Sangarus. Herodotus 
reckons them among the nations fubdued by Crcefus. 
MARIANDY'NUM, a place near Bithynia, where the 
poets feign that Hercules dragged Cerberus out of hell. 
MARIAN'KA, a town of Poland, in Volhynia : forty* 
four miles north-north-weft of Zytomiers. 
MARIA'NO, a town of Italy, in the department of the 
Olona: twelve miles north of Milan. 
MARIANOU', a town of Pojand, in the palatinate of 
Braclaw : forty-eight miles weft of Brnclaw. 
MARIA'NUS, a Surname given to Jupiter, from a tem¬ 
ple built to his honour by Marius. It was in this temple 
that the Roman fenate alfemhled to recall Cicero, a cir- 
cumftance communicated to him in a dream. Val. Max. 
c. 7. 
MARIA'NUS SCO'TUS, an Irifli monk, who was re¬ 
lated to the venerable Bede. He wrote a Chronicle, which 
is efteemed. He died in the abbey of Fulda in 1086, aged 
fifty-eight. 
MARIAQUA'CO, a town of Brafil, on the river of the 
Amazons: thirty-fix miles weft of Pauxis. 
MA'RIAS I'SLANDS, three illands in the North Pa¬ 
cific Ocean, occupying a fpace of about forty-two miles. 
The molt northern and largeft ifland of this group is about 
thirteen miles long, in a fouth-ealt-by-eaft and north-weft- 
by-weft direction ; which is a.lfo nearly the line in whicla 
thefe iflands feem to lie from each other. Its higheft: 
part is towards,the fouth, from whence it gradually de- 
fcends, and terminates in a long low point at its north- 
weft: extremity. A fmall low detached iflet, and a remark¬ 
ably iteep white cliffy rock, lie off this point of the ifland ; 
vvhofe {bores are alfo comppfed, but particularly fo on its 
fouth-weft fide, of fteep white rocky cliffs; the fame fort 
of fubftance appears to be its principal component part; 
and, although in fome places it was tolerably well covered 
with a low kind of ffirub, yet, upon the whole, it pre- 
fented but a dreary and unproductive Scene. Its fouth- 
ealtern extremity, vvhich likewife defcends gradually from 
the fumm.it of the ifland, terminates alfo in a low project¬ 
ing point, with fome rocks lying off from it. On either 
fide is a fmall bay ; that on the eaftern fide is bounded by 
a beach, alternately compofed of rocks and land ; and af¬ 
fording, by Capt. Vancouver’s foundings in its vicinity, 
good anchorage, and protected againft the generally pre^ 
vailing winds. Between this ifland and the fecond of the 
group, called by Dampier Prince George’s Ifland, is a pafi. 
fage about fix miles wide, with foundings of twenty to 
thirty fathoms, and fandy bottom. The fouth-weft fide 
of this latter ifland is bounded by detached rocks, fome 
of which defcend from the centre of the ifland, and termi¬ 
nate at the water-fide in a fine fandy beach. This ifland 
abounds more with vegetable productions than the other, 
but it did not feem to afford any Streams of frefti water. 
In fize and direction Prince George’s Ifland is next to the 
former, being about twenty-four miles in circuit; and the 
third, or Southernmost, is about nine miles in compafs. 
The moft valuable production of Prince George’s Ifland 
is lignum vitae, which it yields in great abundance, be¬ 
sides fome plants of the orange and lemon kind, and other 
thorny plants, which reach nearly to the edge of the 
water, Of birds this island has great variety, fuch as 
a. hawksj. 
