S 66 M A R 
MARINE CHA'IR, a machine invented by Mr. Ir¬ 
win, for viewing the fatellites of Jupiter at fea, and of 
eourfe determining the longitude by their eclipfes. An 
account of it is given in the Journal Eftranger for March 
1760: but, notwithftanding the encomiums beltowed 
upon it, it has never cotne into general ufe. More re¬ 
cently (1792) fir George Staunton mentions a machine 
of a fimilar kind, with doubts about its real utility : “ A 
party of the gentlemen, belonging to the emhafly went 
on-board the Ceres Indiaman, to try the'effeft of a ma¬ 
rine chair, made after a model laid before the board of 
longitude by fir Jofeph Senhoufe. The fhip was rolling 
confiderably; yet the chair maintained its horizontal po- 
fition, -and di'ttant objects were kept with great eafe 
within the field of the telefcope. Whether fuch an in- 
ftrument will ever be brought to fuch perfection that the 
fatellites of Jupiter may be obferved upon it with a tele¬ 
fcope in all kinds of weather, fo as to deduce the longi¬ 
tude from their immerfions and emerfions, may be juftly 
doubted ;'as a great difficulty feems to arife from the ef¬ 
fect of a fudden and complicated motion of the fhip pro¬ 
duced in crofs and confuted feas, and to which no corre- 
fpondent adjultment of the inftrument, aCting with fuffi- 
cient quicknefs to preferve it conftantly in an horizontal 
pofition, has been yet difcovered. The prefent chair, 
however, in moderate weather, may afford material affifi¬ 
ance in making fuch obfervations; and mult, in the hea- 
vielt feas, facilitate the operation of taking, with a fex- 
tant, the angular diftances of the heavenly bodies ; 
which, otherwife, without great praCfice and dexterity, is 
attended with no flight difficulty on fuch occafions.” 
Staunton’s Account of the Embafly to China, vol. ii. p. 
610, 11. 
MARINE SOCPETY. See the article London, vol. 
xiii. p. 455- 
MARINE SURVEYOR, is the name of a machine 
contrived by Mr. H. de Saumarez for meafuring the way 
of.a fhip in the fea. This machine is in the form of the 
letter Y; and is made of iron, or any other metal. At 
each end of the lines which conffitute the angle or up¬ 
per part of that letter are two pallets, not much unlike 
the figure of the log ; one of which falls in the fame pro¬ 
portion as the ether rifes; The falling or pendant pallet, 
meeting a refiftance from the water, as the fhip moves, 
lias by that means a circular motion under'water, which 
is fafter or flower.according as the veflel moves. This 
motion is communicated to a dial within the fhip, by 
means of a rope faftened to the tail of the Y, and carried 
to the dial. The motion being thus communicated to 
the dial, which has a bell in it, it ftrikes exactly the num¬ 
ber of geometrical paces, miles, or leagues, which the flip 
has run. Thus the (hip’s diftance is alcertained ; and the 
forces of tides and currents may alfo be difcovered by this 
inftrument; which, however, has been very little ufed. 
See the defeription of a more perfeft inftrument for this 
purpofe under the article Log, vol. xii. p. 883, 4, 
MARINER) (Lucio), a writer of hiltory, was born at 
Bidino, a fin all town in. Sicily. After acquiring the ru¬ 
diments of literature in his native ifland, he tttidied at 
Rome under Pomponio Leto. Returning into Sicily about 
1481, he taught fchool at Palermo for five yeats ; and 
then removed to Salamanca. After teaching at Sala¬ 
manca for. twelve years, he was called to court by Ferdi¬ 
nand and Ifabella, appointed one of the royal chaplains, 
and prefented with leveral benefices. In gratitude for 
their patronage, he coni poled feveral- works relative to the 
liiftory of that kingdom, namely, 1. De Lvudibus Hif- 
paniae, lib. vii. 2. De Aragonite Regibus, lib. v. 3. De 
Rebus Hifpanke memqrabilibus, lib. xxii. He likewife 
wrote, 4. Familiar Epiltles, in feventeen books; Orations 
and Poems. Hi's ltyle is not elegant, but deferves praife, 
confidering the time and place in which he wrote; and 
he is jutily regarded as one of the reformers of literature. 
It is not known when ; he, died, but he. was.livingAn 1533. 
Tiruiojchi, _ 
MAR 
MAR'INER,/ [from mare, Lat. the fea,] A feaman 5 
a failor.—We oft deceive ourfelves, as did that mariner 
who, miftaking them for precious (tones, brought home 
his fhip fraught with common pebbles from the Indies* 
Glanville. 
What mariner is not afraid t 
To venture in a fhip decay’d ? Swift. 
MAR'INER (Vincente), a man remarkable for having 
wafted great learning and prodigious induftry in a molt, 
extraordinary manner. He was a Valencian by .birth, 
and in the early part of the feventeenth century held the 
offices of treafurer to the collegiate church of Empudias, 
and librarian at the Efcurial. Three only of his works 
have been pubiifhed ; a Latin verfion of Julian’s Oration 
to the Sun, with annotations ; a Latin verfion of Theo- 
philaft’s Epiftles in the collection of the fathers ; and a 
Latin Panegyric upon the Infant Don Fernando. He 
tranflated into Latin hexameters, line for line, the whole 
of Homer’s works, real and imputed ; he likewife tranf¬ 
lated into Latin verfe, though not with the fame foolifh 
and laborious precifion, Hefiod, Theocritus, Lycophron, 
Apollonius Rhodius, Quintus Calaber, and the poems of 
Aufias March. To all the Greek writers in this lilt he 
added the fcholia in Latin, and tranflated ajfo the fcholia 
upon Sophocles, Pindar, and Euripides. To fill up his 
leifure, he atnuled himfelf with tranflations (all into La¬ 
tin) from Hippocrates, Porphyry, Philoltratus, Pletho, 
Philo, Eufebius, St. Methodius, St. Anaftafiirs, Johannes 
Gazseus the grammarian, &c. any thing which tell in his 
way, and happened to he in Greek, no matter upon what 
fubjefi, nor whether written by Chriftian, Jew, or Gentile. 
Arrian and Ariftotle he rendered into Spanifh. 
Tranflations, however, formed but a Email part of his 
labours. He wrote a Latin Hiltory of Peru, which An^ 
tonio de Leon mentions with applaufe in his Bibliotheca 
Occidentalis Indite ; and a Hiltory of Spain ; profe dilfer- 
tations which it would be wearying to enumerate, and 
above three hundred and eighty thouland- Greek and La¬ 
tin verfes. He himfelf fays in one of his letters, that he 
had 360 quires of paper f ull of his own manuferipts in a 
very final! hand ; and the molt extraordinary part of his 
hiftory is, that this writing was fo exceedingly fmali and 
and fo exceedingly bad, that no perfon but himfelf could 
read it; and of eourfe the whole of his labours became 
perfectly ufelefs as foon as he died ! Fortunately they 
were of fuch a nature, that pofterity has nothing to regret. 
R. S. in Gen. Biog. 
MARI'NES, a town of France, in the department of 
the Seine and Oife: twelve miles weft of Beaumont, and 
feven north-weft of Pontoife. 
MA'RING, a town of Pruflia, in the province of Erme-r 
land : ten miles vveft-fouth-w’eft of Allenftein. 
MARINGAN'DO, a town on the weft coaft of Mada* 
gafear. Lat. 13.50. S. Ion.48. 30. E. 
MARIN'GUES, a town of France, in the department 
of the Puy de Dome: fourteen miles north-weft of Cler¬ 
mont. • 
MARIN'HA (St.) a town of Portugal, in the province 
of Beira, twenty-three miles fouth-ealt of Oporto. 
MARI'NI (Giambattifta), known generally by the 
name of IL C.avalicre Marini, an Italian poet, was born at 
Naples in 1569. His father was a counfellor of eminence, 
and was defirous of bringing'up the young man to his 
own profeffion; but was unable to overcome the repug¬ 
nance to legal ltudies, which an early attachment to poe¬ 
try produced in him, as it has done in fo many others. 
His father expelled him his houfei For a fhort time he 
qbrained an alylum with a perfon of rank, till a juvenile 
mifdemeanor caufed him to be committed to prifon, Oni 
recovering his liberty, he went to Rome, and was intro¬ 
duced to cardinal Peter Aldobrandini, with whom he' 
lived fome years, and whom he accompanied to Ravenna 
and Turin. At. the la ft city he rendered himfelf confpi- 
cuo.us by his talents and learned warfare, with feveral’ li¬ 
teral y 
