384 MAR 
5000 people were collected together at Tring, declaring 
revenge again ft Oiborne and his wife as a wizard and 
witch ; they pulled down a large wall belonging to the 
workhoufe, and demoliftied the windows and window- 
frames. Tlie matter of the workhoufe allured them they 
were not there ; they would not believe him, but rallied 
in and fearched the houfe, all the clofets, and even boxes 
and trunks. They declared they would pull the houfe 
down if the victims were not produced, and fome pro- 
pofed fetting fire to it; at laft they all fwore, that, if Oi¬ 
borne and his wife were not delivered to them, they would 
not only burn the workhoufe, but the whole town of 
Tring. The matter of the workhoufe, being apprehenfive 
that they would do as they had promifed, at length in¬ 
formed them where the unhappy people were. The mob 
now' w>ent off in triumph, with Colley at their head. As 
foon as the mob entered the veftry-room, they feized Of- 
borne and his wife, and carried them to a place called 
Gubblecut, about two miles off; where not finding a pond 
to their purpofe, they carried them to Marlfton Green, 
and put them into feparate rooms in a houfe there ; they 
itripped them naked, and tied them up feparately in a Iheet 
or cloth ; but firft they eroded the man’s legs and arms, 
and bent Ins body fo as to tie his thumbs to his great toes. 
When they came to the pond., called Marlfton Mere, a 
rope was tied under the armpits of Ruth Oiborne, and 
two men dragged her into the pond, and through it fe- 
veral times ; and Colley went into the pond, and turned 
her feveral times over and over with a (tick. After they 
had ducked the woman feveral times, they brought her to 
land, and then dragged the old man in, and ducked him. 
Then he was fet by, and the woman ducked again as be¬ 
fore, and Colley made the fame ufe of his ftick. Then 
the old man was ducked again. After which the woman 
was a third time ducked ; and Colley went into the pond, 
and pulled her about till the Iheet wherein (he was wrap¬ 
ped came off, and (he appeared naked. She expired foon 
after. Colley then came out of the pond, and went round 
colleding money for the fport he had fliown them in 
ducking the old witch as he called her. After the woman 
was dead, the mob carried John Oiborne to a houfe, put 
him to bed, and laid his dead wife by his fide. Ruth 
Oiborne was feventy years of age; John was fifty-fix.— 
In confequence of thefe circumftances of cruelty, Colley 
was ordered for immediate execution; and his body was 
afterwards hung in chains. Wilkes's Briti/k DircElory, art. 
Tring. 
MAR'LSTRAND, an iliand of Sweden, near the well 
eoalt in the North Sea. Lat. 57. 53. N. Ion. 11. 29. E. 
MARTY, adj. Abounding with marl.—The oak 
thrives belt on the richeft clay, and will penetrate ftrange- 
ly to come at a marly bottom. Mortimer. 
MAR'LY, in geography, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Seine and Oife, lituated near the Seine ; 
celebrated for its magnificent palace and water-works, 
erected at the expenfe of Louis XIV. four miles north of 
Verfailles, and nine weft of Paris. Lat. 48. 52. N. Ion. 
a.11.E. 
When the king had fixed upon a favourite fituation in 
the foreft of Marly, where he intended to ereft afplendid 
cattle,Lie found that it wanted nothing either in point of 
beauty or convenience but a fountain of water; and he 
immediately determined to fupply by the alliftance of art 
what nature had denied it. An ingenious and felf-taught 
carpenter from Liege, named Rannequin, undertook to 
conduit from the Seine a copious fupply of water, and 
for this purpofe contrived and ereiled the celebrated and 
complicated machine which we are now to delcribe. The 
machinery is driven by 14 underfliot water-wheels of 36 
feet diameter, reckoning from the ends of the float-boards," 
difpofed in three rows. In the fir It row there are (even 
wheels, in the fecond fix, and in the third only one. By 
thefe wheels the water is raifed through pumps into the 
firil refervoir about 160 feet above the level of the river. 
MAR 
then to a fecond refervoir 346 feet high, and from this to 
the fummit of a tower about 533 feet above the Seine. 
The two extremities of the axle of each wheel extend be¬ 
yond the gudgeons on which they reft, and are bent into 
a crank fo as to form a lever two feet long. The crank 
which is towards the mountain drives the water of the 
river into the firft refervoir, and the other crank gives 
motion to the balances. An engine of eight pumps is 
wrought by one of the cranks of each of the fix wheels in 
the firft row. Thefe engines confilt of a balance, at each 
end of which hangs a fquare piece of wood that fupports 
and directs four piftons. This balance is moved by a 
beam in the form of a T, the horizontal part of which is 
connected at one end with the balance by the interven¬ 
tion of a vertical regulator or beam, and at the other with 
the crank of the wheel by means of a horizontal iron rod. 
One of the cranks of each of the fix wheels of the firft 
row, (excepting that which is next the mountain,) and 
two of the cranks of the fourteenth wheel, or that in the 
laft row, give motion to the pumps in the river, and carry 
the water into the firft refervoir. This motion is commu¬ 
nicated from the cranks by means of an iron rod which 
is fixed to the lower end of a vertical balance. A horizon¬ 
tal regulator or beam is fixed to each end of this balance ; 
and to thefe regulators are fattened chains which follow 
the declivity of the mountain till they reach the fuperior 
refervoirs. When the wheel is revolving, therefore, one 
of thefe chains will be dragged towards the river, and the 
other towards the mountain. In order to produce this 
alternate motion, the chains are fupported and kept at 
equal diftances by a number of vertical balances, placed 
along the mountain at every three toifes, and moving 
upon a centre fupported by a frame lying between the 
two chains and equidiftant from them. When thefe 
chains reach the firlt refervoir, they are fixed to vertical 
regulators, which carry frames, to which are adapted the 
piftons of the fucking-pumpfc. Thefe regulators there¬ 
fore will be drawn one after another by their correfpond- 
i.ng chains ; and, when one regulator is drawn by its chain, 
the pifton of the pumps which it carries will be raifed, 
and the water will follow them: at the fame time the 
piftons of the other regulator are defeending to form a va¬ 
cuum ; and thefe in their turn afeend with their load of 
water when the others are in the aft of defeending. la 
the pumps formerly mentioned which work in the river, 
an effeft is produced upon the piftons both when they af¬ 
eend and defeend, becaufe they are moved by ftiff iron 
rods; but in the prefent cafe the piftons defeend merely 
by their own weight, as the motion is tranfmitted only 
by a chain. By thefe pumps the water is conveyed to the 
upper refervoir by two conduit-pipes of eight inches and 
three others of fix inches diameter. 
The fixth wheel of the firft row, which is the firft to¬ 
wards the dam, moves a long chain which works the 
pumps of one of the wells of the upper refervoir. The 
feventh wheel gives motion to a chain which goes to the 
firft ciftern. By means fimilar to thefe already deferibed, 
the fix wheels of the fecond row move by each of their 
cranks a chain that goes to the fecond refervoir; and eight 
of thefe chains work fixteen pumps behind it, to bring 
back into the refervoir the water which is loft out of the 
fix pipes that go to the tower. Thefe chains go over one 
of the firft citterns, and five of them at the fame time give 
motion to the piltons of thirty pumps, whillt the other 
chains go on ftraight to the great refervoir. Thefe 30 
pumps convey their water through two pipes of eight 
inches diameter into the upper refervoir. The five chains, 
after working thefe thirty pumps, give motion to the pif¬ 
tons ot 8s pumps in the fecond relervoir, which raife the 
water from it to the tower. The balis of the tower which 
receives the water raifed from the river is 610 fathoms 
diftant from it; and the water runs from this baion along 
an aqueduft of thirty-fix arches by its own weight From 
this aqueduct the water is diltributed into great refer- 
1 voirs, 
