MAR 
voirs, from which it is conveyed to the gardens and fhrub- 
beries around the caftle ; and formerly there were pipes 
running to Verfailles and Trianon. 
The number of pipes in this machine is 253 ; and the 
quantity of water raifed by it amounts to 5258 tons in 
twenty-four hours, or near 220 tons per hour, or tons 
per minute. But the London-bridge water-works, with 
four wheels only, raife 11,724. tons in twenty-four hours, 
■which is almoft twice and a quarter as much. Some of 
the largelt of our (team-engines ufed in England, will raife 
as much water as that of Marly to the fame height, and 
not coft above io,oool. 
This machine, which began to work in 1682, and is 
faid to have coft 23.3,0001. (terling, has a great many ex¬ 
cellent contrivances ; but yet does not raife all the water 
that it might have done, becaufe the maker did not know 
how to give the river Seine all the advantages of which 
it was capable. Hence appears the neceftity of a mecha¬ 
nic being well acquainted with mathematics; or that 
able mathematicians fhouid apply themfelves to mechanics 
more than they do, and not think it below them to direct 
workmen. According to Dan. Bernouilli's computation, 
the effeft of the machine of Marly is not more than of 
its abfolute force ; that is, there is a lofs of of that 
force. The king of Denmark, when he vifited Marly in 
1769, being aftonifhed at the immenfe magnitude of the 
machine, the multiplicity of its movements, and the num¬ 
ber of workmen employed to work it and keep it in re¬ 
pair, (taking into account the intereft of the original ex- 
penfe,) conjeflured that the water probably coft as much 
as wine. Defayuliers' Exper. Phil. vol. ii. Dan. Bernouilli's 
Hydrodyn. Gregory's Mechanics, vol. ii. 
MARLY', a town of France, in the department of the 
Aifne : fix miles north-weft of Vervins, and fix eaft of 
Guife. 
MAR'MADUKE, a man’s name. 
MARMAGNAC', a towh of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Cantal: three miles eaft of Aurillac. 
MARMA'GNE, a town of France, in the department 
of the Cher : four miles weft of Bourges, and twelve 
fouth-eaft of Vierzop. 
MAR'MALADE, or Mar'ualet, / [French; from 
marmelo, Port, a quince.]— Marmalade is the pulp of quinces 
boiled into a confidence with fugar: it is fubaftringent, 
and grateful to the ftomach. Quincy. 
MARMAN'DE, a town of France, and principal place 
of a diltrift, in the department of the Lot and Garonne, 
fituated on the Garonne. The inhabitants carry on a 
conftderable trade in corn, wine, and brandy ; the num¬ 
ber is about 4000. It is feven polts north-weft of Agen, 
and eleven and three quarters fouth-eaft of Bourdeaux. 
Lat. 44. 30. N. Ion. o. 15. E. 
MARMAR'ICA, in ancient geography, an extenfive 
country of Africa, bounded on the eaft and weft by Egypt 
and Cyrenaica, on the fouth by the Sahara, or deferts of 
Libya interior, and on the north by the Mediterranean. 
After palling the Glaucum Promontorium, Cape Deris, 
the port Leucapfis, and other inconfiderable promontories 
and harbours, we come to Paraetonium, called by Strabo 
Ammonia, a city of conftderable note. Floras ftyles this 
city and Pelufium the two horns of Egypt; whence it ap¬ 
pears that he confidered Marmarica as part of Egypt, and 
Paraitonium as a fortrefs of great ftrength. At fome dis¬ 
tance from Parattonium, towards the frontiers of Cyre¬ 
naica, ftood Apis, a town fo denominated from the Egyp¬ 
tian deity of that name. The principal Libyan nations 
inhabiting this region were the Adyrmachidte and Ara- 
monii. Some authors feent to make the Marmaridte a 
nation inhabiting a particular territory contiguous to the 
greater Catabathmus; but others incline to the opinion, 
that all the Libyans in Marmarica were comprehended 
under this appellation. Calmer thinks that Marmarica 
was firft peopled by the defcendants of Lehabim, the fon 
of Mftsraim, mentioned by Mofes. Elerodotus affures us 
Vol. XIV. No. 982. 
MAR 385 
that there was a great affinity betwixt them and the Egyp¬ 
tians in the moft important points. 
MARMA'RIUM, a town of Greece, in the ifland 
of Euboea, whence Apollo had the name of Marma- 
rinvs. 
M ARMARUO'LO, a town of Italy, in the department 
of the Mincio: eight miles north of Mantua. 
M ARMAR'YGzE,yi [from ixagaugu, Gr. to Ihine.] A 
word ufed by the old writers in medicine, to exprefs fparks 
of lire, or the appearance of fuch, flafiiing before the eyes 
in fome diforders. 
MAR'ME, a province or territory of Afia, near the 
mountains of Thibet, famous for the production of tinea!, 
or crude borax. 
MAR'MELOS,yi in botany. See Cratteva. 
MARMIGNAC', a town of France, in the department 
of the Lot: nine miles fouth.weft of Gourdon. 
MAR'MION (Shakerley), a dramatic writer, who flou- 
rifhed in the reign of Charles I. was born in the heredi¬ 
tary manfion-houfe of his family at Aynhoe, in Northamp- 
tonlhire, about the beginning of January, 1602. When 
a boy he was put to fchool at Thame in Oxford (hire, from 
whence, at about the age of lixteen, he was removed to 
Wadham-college, Oxford, where he was entered firft as a 
gentleman commoner, and afterwards, in 1624, took his 
degree of matter of arts. Anthony Wood fays, that he 
was “ a goodly proper gentleman, and had once in his pof- 
feflion feven hundred pounds per annum at leaft.” The 
whole of this ample fortune he diftipated ; after which 
he went into the Low Countries, but, not meeting with 
promotion according to his expectation, he returned to 
England, and was admitted into the troop raifed by fir 
John Suckling for the ufe of king Charles I. in his expe¬ 
dition againft the Scots in the year 1639; but, falling fick 
at York, he returned to London, where he died in the 
fame year. By the editors of the Biographia Dramatica, 
he is confidered as one of the beft among the dramatic 
authors of that time. His plots are ingenious, his cha¬ 
racters well drawn, and his language not only eafy and 
dramatic, but full of lively wit and folid underltnnding. 
He left four comedies behind him : 1. Holland’s Leaguer, 
4to. 1632. 2, Fine Companion, 4to. 1633. 3. Antiquary, 
4to. 1641. 4. The Crafty Merchant, or the Souldier’d 
Citizen; not printed. 
MAR'MION, in geography, a village in Merioneth- 
fhire, North Wales; near which ftood the venerable and 
celebrated oak, generally known by the name of Cybren 
yrEllyl. This curious relic of antiquity fell lately under 
the weight of age. It mull have been very old, even in 
the days of Owen Glendower, who hid in this tree the 
body of the Lancaftrian Howel Sale, nearly four hundred 
years ago. (See Pennant’s Tour, App. 7.) This remark¬ 
able event has been beautifully wrought up by Mr. War¬ 
rington into a poetic tale, publiflied at the end of Mr. 
Scott’s Marmion. Notwithftanding the age of this tree, 
there are ftill parts fo fine, that probably tire proprietor, 
fir Robert Vaughan, may.be induced to convert it to forne 
ufeful or ornamental purpolb. 
MAR'MOL CARAVAJAL' (Louis de), born in the 
fixteenth century at Grenada, was one of tirofe men who 
know how to profit by misfortune. Being taken prifoner 
by the Moors of Barbary, and carried to Morocco, he 
collected all the materials lie could for an account of 
the country, which, when he had obtained his liberty, 
and returned to Spain, he publiflied under this title ; La 
Defcripcion General de Africa. Tom. 1. Granada, 1573. 
Tom. 2. Malaga, 1599. The third volume of his works 
is entitled Hijloria del Rehelion y Cajligo de los Morifcos del 
Reino de Granada ; Malaga, i 5 oo. T he French tranllation 
of this work by d’Ablancourt is highly efteemed. The 
Bibliotheca Hifpana mentions neither the time of his 
birth nor of his death. He is faid to have tranflated the 
revelations of St. Bridget, but it does not appear that 
this verlion was evei' publifhed. R. S, in Gen. Biog. 
5 F MARMONTEL', 
