MAR 
men on horfeback ; a ferjeant’s guard, and fometlmcs a 
fubaltern’s guard ; asadfo an executioner. The provoft- 
marffial, or chief provolt of the army, feems to have been 
formerly an office of much greater rank, and authority than 
it is now. At prefent, the office of provolf-marlhal is 
executed by the adjutant, whofe duty it is to fee all fen-, 
fences of regimental courts martial inflicted. There is 
alfo a provoft-marffial in the navy, who hath charge of 
the prifoners taken at fea. 
MAR'SHAL, f. An abbreviation of field-marfhal.— 
We ferried over the Tummel, in order to get into viarjhal 
Wade’s road, which leads from Dunkeld to Invernefs. 
Gray's Letters. 
To MAR'SHAL, v. a. To arrange ; to rank in order.— 
It is as unconceivable how it ffiould be the directrix of 
fitch intricate motions, as that a blind man ffiould marjhal 
an army. Glanville's Scepjis. 
Anchifes look’d not with fo pleas’d a face. 
In nutnb’ring o’er his future Roman race. 
And marjhalling the heroes of his name. 
As, in their order, next to light they came. Dryden. 
To lead as an harbinger.—Thou marJliaU'Jl me the way 
that I was going. Shakefpeare. 
MAR'SHALL (Thomas), a learned divine of the church 
of England, was born at Barkby in Leicefterffiire, about 
the year 1621. He was inftrufted in grammar-learning 
by the vicar of his native town j and, in 1640, was entered 
a batler at Lincoln-college, Oxford, where in the follow¬ 
ing year he was elected a fcholar on Trapp’s foundation. 
As he was a conftant attendant on archbiffiop Uffier’s fer- 
mons in Allhallow’s church, he became fo great an ad¬ 
mirer of that excellent prelate, that he determined to take 
him for the model of his own life. When the civil wars 
broke out, and Oxford was converted into a garrilbn, he 
bore arms on the king’s fide, at his own expenfe ; on 
which account, when he flood candidate for the degree of 
B. A. he was admitted without paying the cuftomary fees. 
Upon the approach of the parliamentary vifitors in 1647, 
he left the univerfity, went to the continent, and became 
preacher to the company of Englifli merchants at Rotter¬ 
dam and Dort. From this time he appears to have conti¬ 
nued abroad feveral years; during which he was created 
B. D. in 1661 ; chofen fellow of his college, without his 
folicitation or knowledge, in 1668; and made D. D. at 
Oxford in the following year, while he was dill at Dort. 
Thefe honours recalled him to his native country, and to 
Oxford, where he was elected reftor of his college, in the 
year 1672. Afterwards he was appointed chaplain in or¬ 
dinary to his majefly; and in 1680, prefented to the rec¬ 
tory of Bladon, near Woodffock, in Oxfordlhire. His laft 
preferment was to the deanery of Gloucelter, in 1681. He 
died at Lincoln-college in 1685, about the age of fixty-. 
four, and is entitled to honourable remembrance among 
the benefaftors to the univerfity of Oxford ; fince, with 
the exception of fome, otherwife difpofed of, he bequeathed 
to the public library all fuch of his books and manuferipts 
as did not before form a part of it, and the remaining 
part to Lincoln-college library ; in which college, like- 
wife, he founded three fcholarfiiips, fupported by rent- 
charges on different elfates. Wood fays, that “ he was a 
perfon very well verfed in books, a noted critic, efpecially in 
the Gothic and Englilh-Saxon tongues, a painful preacher, 
a good man and governor, and one every way worthy of 
his ftation in the church.” And Dr. Thomas Smith, in 
his Life of Robert Huntington, pronounces him 15 a molt 
excellent man, who was prodigioully well fkilled in the 
Saxon and Ealtern tongues, efpecially the Coptic ; and was 
eminent for his ftrift piety, profound learning, and other 
valuable qualifications. He was the author of, 1. Ob- 
fervationes in Evangeliorum Verliones perantiquas duas, 
Gothica fcilicet et Anglo-Saxonica, See. 1665, 4to. 2. 
The Catechifm fet forth in the Book of Common Prayer, 
briefly explained by fhort Notes, 1679, 8vo. which notes 
in fubfequent editions were accompanied with An Eflay 
MAR 423 
of Queflions and Anfwers, framed out of the fame Notes, 
for the Exercife of Youth, See. by the fame Author. 3. 
An Epiflle for the Englifli Reader, prefixed to Dr. Hyde’s 
Tranflation into the Malayan Language of the four Gof- 
pels of our Lord Jefus Chriff, and the Afts of the holy 
Apoftles, 1677, 4to. 4. The Life of Archbiffiop Ufher, 
publiflied by Dr. Richard Parr, 1686, folio. Wood's Athere. 
Oxon. & Fa/li, vol. ii. 
M ARS'H ALLER, f. One that arranges; one that ranks 
in order.—Dryden was the great refiner of Englifli poetry, 
and the great marjhaller of words. Trapp. 
MARSH AL'LIA,yi [adopted by profeflor Martyn from 
Schreber, who named it in honour of Mr. Humphrey Mar- 
Jhall, author of Arbuflum Americanum, the American Grove, 
or an Alphabetical Catalogue of Foreft Trees and Shrubs 
of the United States, publiflied at Philadelphia, 8vo. 1785; 
and a French tranflation at Paris, in 1788.] In botany, a 
genus of the clafs fyngenefia, order polygamia asqualis, 
natural order compofitas capitatm, (cinarocephalce, JuJfd) 
Generic charafters—Common calyx: fpreading, of nu¬ 
merous, linear-lanceolate, obtufe, concave, nearly equal, 
permanent feales. Corolla : compound, uniform, longer 
than the calyx; the florets hermaphrodite, equal, nume¬ 
rous, of one petal, funnel-fliaped, viMofe; tube the length 
of the calyx; limb fomewhat ventricofe, divided into five, 
linear, rather ereft, fegments, two of them more deeply 
feparated. Stamina: filaments five, capillary; anthene 
cylindrical, tubular, as long as the limb. Piftilium : ger- 
men ovate ; ftyle thread-fhaped, a little longer than the 
ftamens ; ftigmas two, recurved. Pericarpium: none, ex¬ 
cept the permanent calyx. Seeds : folitary, ovate, five- 
fided, downy, with a crown of five fmall, ovate, pointed, 
ereft, membranous, leaves. Receptacle flat, chaffy; feales 
linear, a little dilated, and obtufe at the top, green, the 
length of the calyx. 
This feems to be a genus without fpecies ; Willdenow 
has not enumerated any in his extenfive work ; fo that the 
above character is all that is at prefent known ; and, ac¬ 
cording to that, its place in the lyflem will be between 
Serratula and Pteronia. 
MAR'SHALLING, f. The aft of arranging, or of 
putting into proper order. In heraldry, it is the dilpofal. 
of feveral coats of arms belonging to diftinft families in 
one and the fame efcutcheon or fliield, together with their 
ornaments, parts, and appurtenances. See the article 
Heraldry, vol. ix. 
MAR'SHALSEA. See the article London, voh xiii. 
p. 512. 
MAR'SHALSHIP, /. The office of a marffial. 
MARSHALSVIL'LE, a place of America, in Muhlen- 
burg county, Virginia ; in which is a polt-office: twenty . 
five miles from WafhingtOn. 
MAR'SHAM (Sir John), a writer ofi great erudition, 
was born in 1602, at London, of which city his father 
was an alderman. He received his education at Weft- 
minfter-fchcol,and at St. John’s-college, Oxford ; at which 
laft he took the degree of M. A. in 1625. He then made 
a tour on the continent; and, returning to London, en¬ 
tered at the Middle Temple for the (ludy of law. In 1629 
he vifited the Low Countries and Paris in the retinue of 
fir Thomas Edmondes, ambaffador extraordinary to Louis 
XIII. Refuming his legal ftudies after his return, he was 
made one of the fix clerks in chancery in 1638. When 
the civil wars broke out, he followed the king to Oxford, 
for which conduct he was deprived of his place by the 
parliament, and fuffered a great lofs by the plunder of his 
effate. After the ruin of the royal caufe, he came to 
London, made a compofition for his property, and fol¬ 
lowed his Itudies in retirement. In the year of the resto¬ 
ration he was elefted one of the reprefentatives in parlia¬ 
ment for Rochelter, was reftored to his place in chancery, 
and received the honour of knighthood. Three years 
afterwards he was created a baronet. He died at Btifhy- 
hall, Hertfordfhire, in 1685, leaving two Tons by his wife, 
Elizabeth, daughter of fir William Hammond. 
