426 M A R 
cerning Its waters, and thofe of tome of its tributary ri¬ 
vers, their courfe, velocity, See. Though not free from 
miftakes, it is on the whole a very interefting and curious 
work; and exhibits a combination of knowledge which 
could only proceed from a mind extraordinarily furnithed. 
It is written in Latin, but in a negligent ttyle ; the author 
having always been too intent upon things to pay much 
attention to words. 
In 1727 he made anew donation to the Inftitute of the 
Scientific treafures he had acquired in his lad travels. He 
was ftill, however, difquieted by various difputes and 
quarrels, to which his temper was too prone; and, in 
1728, he again iought his peaceful retreat in Provence. 
An apopleftic attack induced him to return to his native 
city, where his domeltic vexations had been terminated 
by the death of his brother. One of the motives for his 
return was to attend to the education of that brother’s 
fon, to which he thought himfelf bound in duty, notwith- 
ftanding pad difTenfions. A temporary amendment in his 
health did not long continue; and hedied on November id, 
1730, at the age of feventy-tv. o. His fellow-citizens paid 
due honours to his memory, and the Inditute dill reveres 
Iiim as its founder. 
Count Marfigli was devout after the manner of his 
country. He had a particular veneration for the Virgin 
Mary, to whofe fpecial interference he attributed his li¬ 
beration from captivity and the other profperous events 
of his life. He had alfo a great regard for St. Thomas 
Aquinas, whom he indalled as the patron and proteftor 
of a printing-office which he edabliflied in the Dominican 
convent of Bologna. He publilhed feveral works befides 
thofe above-mentioned ; of which were, 3. An Account 
of the Drink called Coffee, 1685. 4. A Differtation on 
the Bolognian Phofphorus, 1702. 5. Memoir concerning 
the Flowers of Coral, 1707, 6. Differtation on the Ge¬ 
neration of^Fungi, 1714. 7. On Trajan’s Bridge over the 
Danube, 1715. 8. Letter on the Origin of Eels, 1717. 
Gen. Biog. 
MARSILE'A,yi [fo named by Linnaeus, in honour of 
the fubje< 5 t of the preceding article.] In botany, a genus 
of the clafs cryptogamia, order mifcellaneae.—Generic 
charafteFs. Calyx : common oval, fubcompreffed, coria¬ 
ceous, hairy, gaping at the bafe, internally divided into 
fourteen or fifteen cells, in two longitudinal rows, fepa- 
rated by a membranaceous partition. Corolla : none. 
Stamina: filaments none ; antherae feveral, inferted round 
each piftil, very fmall, obovate, diarp below, one-celled, 
gaping tranfverfely, exploding a fpherical pollen. Piltil- 
Jum : in each cell feveral, co-ordinate in a tranfverfe row, 
oval; ffylenone; ftigma ffiort, blunt. Pericarpium: none. 
Seeds: as many as there are piftils. Receptacle: mem¬ 
brane fomewhat flefhy, clothing the cells internally. 
1. Marfilea natans, or floating marfilea : leaves oppo- 
fite, Ample. Branches floating. Leaves in two rows, 
ovate, folded together, having little balls fcattered over 
them, compofed of four white filaments, cirrhofe at the 
tip; among the roots, globes from three to feven, furnifli- 
ed with a Ityle, many-feeded. Native of Italy, in ftag- 
nant and flow-flowing marfli-ditches, as near Pifa ; alfo 
in North America. This is the Salvinia of Micheli. 
2. Marfilea quadrifolia, or four-leaved marfilea : leaves 
in fours, quite entire. Capfules toothlefs. Stem creep¬ 
ing, rooting. Leaves on long petioles, flowering at the 
bafe of the petiole. The elder Juffieu and Necker both 
feparate this fpecies from Marfilea; the former under the 
name of Lemma, the latter under that of Zuluzianfkia 
marfiloides. It is a native of various parts of the fouth of 
Europe, as well as in New South Wales, in watery places, 
creeping to a ccnfiderable extent. 
3. Marfilea hirluta, or hairy marfilea : leaflets wedge- 
fhaped, fomewhat obovate, rounded, nearly entire; hairy, 
Bs well as the footffalks ; fruit nearly feffile. Gathered 
by Mr. Brown in the tropical part of New Holland, as 
well as near Pert Jackfon. 
M A R 
4. Marfilea minuta, or fmall marfilea : leaflets wedge- 
fliaped, deeply toothed at the fummit. Fruit roundifh, 
with two teeth at the bafe; fruit-ftalks rigid, fcarcely 
longer than the fruit. Native of Egypt. Very much 
fmaller than M. quadrifolia, and remarkable for the deep 
incifions, or teeth, of its exactly wedge-fliaped leaflets, 
which refemble fome Medicago or Trigonelja. Thefe are 
paler beneath, and fomewhat hairy, as well as their foot¬ 
ffalks. About four axillary rigid fruit-ftalks, very little 
longer than the fruit itfelf, and flightly hairy, grow' toge¬ 
ther, more or iefs combined at their bafe. The fruit is 
lateral, or oblique, at the end of each ftalk, roundiffi, 
compreffed, corrugated and hairy, with two teeth at the 
outermoft angle of its bafe, where the ftalk terminates; 
rounded at the other end, and not pointed there as in the 
firft fpecies. 
5. Marfilea Coromandeliana, or Coromandel marfilea : 
leaflets, wedge-fliaped, fomewhat obovate, nearly entire, 
fmooth ; fruit elliptical, vertical, with two teeth at the bafe; 
fruit-ftalks capillary, thrice as long as the fruit. Native 
of Coromandel and Tranquebar; and marked by Linnaeus 
as a variety of the preceding; but upon later inveltiga- 
tion it appears to be a diftinct fpecies. It is much fmaller 
even than that, with capillary fruitftalks equal in length 
to the footffalks. The fruit too is effenfially different, 
ftanding vertically, not laterally, at the end of the (talk, 
and being elliptical, very ffrongly corrugated. The leaf¬ 
lets are rounded at the end, and for the moft part quite 
entire. They fpread in the form of a crofs, as in the other 
fpecies. 
6 . Marfilea anguftifolia, or narrow-leaved marfilea : 
leaflets lanceolate, fomewhat toothed at the extremity ; 
fmooth when full grown. Found by Mr. Brown in New 
Holland, within the tropic. See Isoetes and Junger- 
MANNIA. 
MARSILIA'NE, f. [French.] A fort of fiiip or veffel 
which is ufed by the Venetians in the gulf of Venice, and 
along the coaft of Dalmatia. It has a fquare poop, is very 
broad on the forecaffle, carries four malts, and is equal to 
feven hundred tons. 
MARSILLAC', a town of France, in the department 
of the Charente : fourteen miles north of Angouleme. 
MARSELLIAT', a town of France, in the department 
of the Allier : twelve miles fouth of Montlu$on. 
MARSILLY', a town of France, in the department of 
the Marne : ten miles fouth of Sezanne. 
MAR'SO, a mountain of Naples, in Abruzzo Citra ; 
fixteen miles fouth of Sulmona. 
MARSOLLIE'R (James), a writer of hiftory, was born 
at Paris in 1647, of a family refpeftable in the law. He 
took the habit of a canon-regular of St. Genevieve, and 
was fent with others of the fame congregation toUlez, to 
reftore order in the chapter of that city. He fixed his 
abode there, and was eleffed provoff of the cathedral ; 
which dignity he refigned in favour of Poncet, afterwards 
bifhop of Angers ; and was then made archdeacon. He 
died at UTez in 1724, in his feventy-eighth year. The 
principal writings of Marfollier were, 1. L’Hiltoire du 
Cardinal Ximenes, 2 vols. urao. 1693. 2, Hiftoire de 
Henri VII. Roi d’Angleterre, 1697 ; accounted the au¬ 
thor’s mafter-piece. 3. Hiftoire de l’Inquifition & de fon 
Origine, 1693, i2tno. This is written with freedom ; and 
has been reprinted, with additions, in 2 vols. 4. Hiftoire 
de l’Origine des Dixmes & autres Biens remporels de 
l’Eglife, 1689. 5. La Vie de St.'Frangois de Sales, 2 vols. 
121110. 1700 ; feveral times reprinted, and tranflated into 
Italian by Salvini. 6. La Vie de Dom. Ranee, Abbe & 
Reformateur de la Trappe, 1703. 7. Entretiens fur plu- 
fieurs Devoirs de la Vie civile, 1715, nrao. 8. Apologie 
d’Erafme, 1713,12010. an attempt to prove the attachment 
of Erafmus to the Roman-catholic religion, by paffages 
from his works. 9. Hiftoire de Henri de la Tour d’Au- 
vergne, Due de Bouillon, 3 vols. 12100. 1719. The Ityle 
of Marfollier is free and flowing, but not in the beit tafte, 
4 He 
