551 
M A U 
on both ftdes of the rent, in fuch a manner as to (how 
plainly that they have been divided by it. Nor is it rea- 
fonable to fuppofe that tuch a work would ever have been 
defigned, or begun, upon a rock that had previoufly been 
rent in two. Nothing lefs than an earthquake, and that 
a violent One, could apparently have produced fuch a fif- 
fure in the (olid rock ; and that this has been the cafe in 
point of faff, may be gathered from other circumftances, 
which it is necefi'ary to mention in an account or this cu¬ 
rious place. The great rock above deferibed is at fome 
fmall diltance from the fea, perhaps fifty or an hundred 
yards, and in that fpace the Hindoo village before men¬ 
tioned flood in 1776. But clofe to the fea are the re¬ 
mains of a pagoda built of brick, and dedicated to Sib, 
the greatefl part of which has evidently been fwallowed 
up by that element ; for the door of theinnermolt apart¬ 
ment,'in which the idol is placed, and before which there 
are always two or three fpacious courts furrounded with 
walls, is now wafhed by the waves, and the pillar ufed to 
difeover the meridian at the time of founding the pagoda 
is feen (landing at fome distance in the lea. In the 
neighbourhood of this building there are fome detached 
rocks, walked alfo by the waves, on which there appear 
fculptures, though now much worn and defaced. And 
the natives of the place declared to the writer of this ac¬ 
count, that the more aged people among them remem¬ 
bered to have feen the tops of feveral pagodas far out in 
the fea, which, being covered with copper, (probably gilt,) 
were particularly vifible at fun-rife, as their fhining fur- 
face ufed then to reflect the fun’s rays; but that now that 
effect was no longer produced, as the copper had fince 
become incrufted with mould and verdigreafe. Thefe 
circumflances look much like the effects of a fudden in¬ 
undation ; and the rent in the rock above deferibed makes 
it reafonabie to conjecture, that an earthquake may have 
caufed the fea to overflow its boon laries, and that thefe 
two formidable enemies may have joined to deltroy this 
once magnificent city. The account which the Bramins, 
natives of the place, gave of its origin and downfall, 
partlj’, it fhould feem, on the authority of the Mahaba- 
rat, and partly on that of later records, at the fame time 
that it countenances this idea, contains fome other cu¬ 
rious particulars, which may feem to render it worthy of 
attention. Into thefe particulars, however, v.>e cannot 
enter; but mull refer to the volume, p. 154 & feq. of the 
London edition, where they are detailed at great length. 
MAU'BAL, a town of Candahar: flxty-five miles 1101th- 
north-eafl of Candahar. 
MAUB ALIG'. See Bamiyan, vol. ii. p. 664. 
MAUBEC', a town of France, in the department of 
the Ifere-. eighteen miles ealt of Vienne. 
MAU'BERT FONTAl'NE, a town of France, in the 
department of the Ardennes: five miles fouth-fouth-weft 
of Rocroy, and thirteen north-weft of Charleville. 
MAUBEU'GE, a town of France, in the department 
of the North, on the Sambre; ceded to France by the 
treaty of Nimeguen, when Louis XIV. ordered it to be 
fortified. It is ten pofts and a half eaft-fouth-eaft of Lille, 
and twenty-fix and a half horth-north-eaft of Paris. Lat. 
50, 16. N. Ion. 4. a. E. This is one of the fortrefles to 
be garriloned for five years by the forces of the allied 
powers, who have placed Louis XVIII. for the fecond 
time upon the throne of France. 
In our article London, vol. xiii. p. 390. we left Louis 
juft arrived and quietly relling at Paris, “ in the 20th 
year of his reign ;” and Napoleon, apparently as quiet, in 
exile at Elba. But Napoleon was not formed for tran¬ 
quillity. While the Congrefs was fitting at Vienna, (not 
in London, as was expedited ; fee that article, p. 395.) the 
ex-emperor, on the 26th of February, 1815, at five in the 
evening, fuddenly and lecretly left Elba, with four velfels, 
containing about 1000 men of all arms. He palled in 
fight of fome Englilh cruizers ; and on the ift of March 
lapded at Cannes, in the Bay of Juan, in the department 
M A U 
ofVar, in France. From Cannes he puflied forward to 
Graffe, Digne, Gap, and foon after to Grenoble, where he 
was joined by the garrifon of 10,000 men, and where he 
found arms and ammunition for his followers. On the 
10th he entered Lyons, after an ineffectual refiftance front 
the comte d’Artois, the duke of Orleans, and the marfhal 
duke of Tarentum. Being joined every where by the 
troops, and hailed by the people, he proceeded on the 
13th, in a fort of procelfion, towards Paris; and on the 
21ft entered that city, without having had occafion in hi3 
route to fire a fingle gun ! Louis and his family quitted 
Paris on the 20th, and retired to Ghent. Napoleon con¬ 
tinued at Paris about three months, vainly endeavouring 
to negotiate a peace, or to detach any one of the great 
powers from their llrong coalition. In the mean time he 
formed a new Conftitution, which was propolecl ar.d ac¬ 
cepted with great pomp on the 9th of June. The allied 
armies were not yet difbanded ; lo that they were foon in 
a condition, with the help of Englilh fubfidies, to pour 
in upon him from all quarters. He quitted Paris, there- 
fore, to join his forces, on the 12th of June, at four in 
the morning, having nominated generals Sebaftiani, Gre¬ 
nier, Beaumont, Coinpans, Sec. to the command and de¬ 
fence of the capital. He fiept the fame night at SoiffonSt, 
On the morning of the 131b he puffed through Laon for 
Avefnes. He appears to have contemplated an immediate 
attack on the allies ; as at Avefnes he iffued an order of' 
the day, reminding his troops that the J4rh was the anni- 
verfary of Marengo and Friedland ; and that to every 
Frenchman who had a heart, the moment was arrived to 
conquer or perifh.” With thefe appeals to their pafiions, 
he put his army in motion. The Pruffian pofts were elia- 
blilhed on the Sambre. Thefe he attacked at day-light in 
the morning of the 15th ; and in the courfe of that and 
the two following days, fortune feemed inclined to favour 
him. He w'as very fuccefstul on thole days, and the Pruf- 
fians were dreadfully cut up ; but on the 181h was fought 
the grand and decifive battle of Waterloo, in which our 
army and the duke of Wellington gained immortal ho¬ 
nour, and which was decilive of Napoieon’s fate. Even 
on that day, the advantage was on his fide for the greater 
part of it; but at length his army was totally defeated at 
all points ; and he himfelf returned haltilv to Paris, where, 
after fome vain attempts at negociation, he figned a fecond 
abdication, not unconditional as before, but in favour of 
his foil. He remained feveral days longer at Paris ; and 
then retired unmolefted to Rochefort, intending to fail 
for America. Finding himfelf watched fo that he could 
not elcape, he at length, on the 13th of July, delivered 
himfelf up to the Englilh, by going on-board the Belle- 
rophon, Capt. Maitland, who brought him to Torbay on 
the 24th ; but he was not permitted to land. The prince- 
regent, in confultation with his allies, fixed upon the ifland 
of St. Helena as the future abode of this remarkable 
perfon. He failed for that place on the 7th of Augult, on¬ 
board the Northumberland of 74 guns; and arrived there 
on the 13th of October. 
In the mean time, the allied armies had prelfed forward 
to Paris. The duke of Wellington and marlhal Blucher 
entered that city on the 7th of July; Louis re-entered hi§ 
capital on the 8th; and the allied fovereigns of Ruffia, 
Aultria, and Prufiia, on the io’th. An Abt of Congrefs, 
parcelling out (tates, and fixing the boundaries of king¬ 
doms, had been figned at Vienna on the 9th of June; bus 
the late events had rendered it highly neceffary to have a 
ipecial treaty relative to the affairs of France, which might 
fecure the other-powers from being annoyed by her as they 
had been for twenty years paft. With the whole of the 
allied armies, therefore, (900,000 in number,) in France, 
and before the three fovereigns quitted Paris, namely, ers 
the 27th of September, the rough draft of a Treaty was 
figned, of which the following is the fubltance; France 
cedes in perpetuity Landau, Sar-Louis, Philippeville, 
Marienburg, and Verfoye, or Verfaix, near the Lake of 
3 ©eneva?: 
