M A U 
his troop?, lie took the place. The prince of Orange, un- 
fuccefsful in every attempt to raife the liege, died of vexa¬ 
tion in 162/5, aged fifty-five years, but with the reputation 
of the greateft warrior of his time. “ The life of this ftadt- 
holder"(/ays the abbe Raynal) wasalmoftan uninterrupted 
feries of battles, of (leges, and of victories. Of moderate 
abilities in every thing e)fe, he (hone confpicuous in his 
military capacity. His camp was the fchool of Europe ; 
and thofe who received their military education in his 
armies, augmented, perhaps, the glory of their mailer. 
Like Montecuculi, he difcovered inimitable (kill in his 
marches and encampments; like Vauban, be pofiefied the 
talent of fortifying places, and of rendering them impreg¬ 
nable; like Eugene, the addrefs of finding fulifiifence for 
great armies in countries barren by nature, or ravaged by 
war ; like Vendome, the. happy talent of calling forth, in 
the moment they became neced'ary, greater exertions from 
bis loldiers than could reafonably be expebted ; like Conde, 
that infallible quicknefs of eye which decides the fortune 
of battles; like Charles XII. the art of rendering his 
troops almoft invincible to cold, hunger, and fatigue; like 
Turenne, the fecret of making war with the lealt pofiible 
expenfe of human blood.” The chevalier Folard main¬ 
tains, that Maurice was the greateft commander of infan¬ 
try lince the time of the Romans. He (tudied the mili¬ 
tary art of the ancients, and applied their rules with great 
exactnefs in the various occurrences of war. He not only 
took advantage of the inventions of others, but he en¬ 
riched the fcience of war with feveral improvements. 
Telefcopes were firft ufed by him for a military purpofe ; 
and,befides a kind of gallery ufed in condufting a liege, and 
the plan of blockading a ltrong place, which were of his 
invention, he greatly improved the whole art by his me¬ 
thod of pulhing an attack with great vigour, and of de¬ 
fending, for the greateft length of time, and in the bed 
manner, a place befieged. It was his conftant practice, 
during deep, to have two guards placed by his bedfide, 
not only to defend him in cafe of danger, but to awake 
him if there (hould be the leaft occafion. The war be¬ 
twixt Spain and Holland was never carried on with greater 
keennefs and animofity than during his adminiftration. 
The grand fignior, hearing of the vaft torrents of blood 
fhed in this conteft, thought that a great empire muft 
depend on the decifion. The object of fo many battles 
was pointed out to him on a map; and he faid coldly, 
0{ If it were my affair, I would fend my pioneers, and 
order them to call this little corner of earth into the fea.” 
Maurice, like many great men, was impatient under con¬ 
tradiction; but ambition, the weaknefs of a great mind, 
was his chief foible; this rendered him dangerous to that 
liberty which he had before nobly afterted. Yet his tem¬ 
per and talents were calculated to fupport a tottering 
eaufe, and render it triumphant; and he has been regarded 
as one of the principal founders of Batavian independ¬ 
ence. Univerfai Hijl. 
MAU'RICE (John), Count of Naffau-Sigen, conqueror 
and governor-general of the Dutch pollefiions in Bralil,as 
long as they continued under that power, (fee the article 
Brasil, vol. iii. p. 350.) returned to Europe in 165.4. 
He then became governor of Wefei, and grand-malter of 
the Teutonic order at Sonnenbourg; and died in 1679. 
During the eight years he pafl’ea in Brafil, he found iei- 
lure from the toils of war and of government to make a 
collection of curious drawings in natural iiiltory, which 
are at prefent in the royal library at Berlin ; and of which 
Bloch, in the Preface to the Sixth Part of his Ichthyologie, 
gives the following account. 
The collection confilts of two folio volumes, contain¬ 
ing beautiful, coloured drawings of many of the animals 
of South America, with a fhort defeription of each. The 
firft part is a (mail folio, in white vellum, with this title: 
Celfis Jpk. Mauritii N-aJJov . Iconum Bra/ilicarum, Tom. I. It 
contains 31 quadrupeds, 87 birds, 9 amphibia, 24 fifties, 
31 infefts, with Come (hells and alterias, or (tar-fill), and 
one fepia, or cuttle-fi(li: in all 193.pages, each containing 
M A U 5 f jQ 
one figure; they are drawn very neatly, and for the molt 
part beautifully coloured, with the Brafilian name over 
each, and its (ize noted in German beneath. The fecond 
part is a folio of a fomewhat larger fize : the title is, 
Joh. Mauritii NaJJov. Rojfarzcntykunjl. Iconum Bra/ilicarum, 
Tomus I. It contains 2 quadrupeds, 5 birds, 46 amphibia, 
45 fifties, 46 infefts, and feveral pages with.plants. The 
firft half of this volume contains a MS. in German on the 
veterinary art by another hand. The remaining part con¬ 
tains drawings of animals we have mentioned, done in the 
fame manner and by the fame hand as the firft book : it 
confifts of 140 pages, befides many blank leaves. From 
this fine collection, Bloch had permifiion to mkke copies 
to enrich his great work upon fifties, and his other pro¬ 
ductions. See Bloch, vol. iii. p. 122. 
MAU'RICE, in geography, a river of the (fate of New 
Jerfey, which runs into the Delaware eighteen miles 
louth-fouth-eaft of Bridge Town. 
MAU'RICE (Sr.), a river of Canada, which runs into 
the St. Laurence at Trois Rivieres. — A town of Canada, 
on the river of the fame name: nine miles north-weft of 
Trois Rivieres. 
MAU'RICE (St.), a town of France, in the department 
of the Orne : twelve miles north-eaft of Mortagne.—A 
town or France, in the department of Mont Blanc : eleven 
miles weft-north-weft of Cbambery.— Another town of 
France, in the department of Mont Blanc : twenty-four 
miles welt of Aofta. 
MAU'RICE (St.), or St. Mori'zen, a town of Swifter- 
land, in the Valais, lituated between two hills on the 
Rhone, over which it has a (lately (tone bridge, confiding 
of a (ingle arch of 130 feet fpan, reaching from one hill 
to the other. On the well fide of this bridge, clofe to a 
high mountain, (lands the land vogt’s feat, and on tlie ealt- 
ern fide of it a tower, and below both a gate, which is 
Ihut by night. This pafs is a great thoroughfare for all 
goods and perfons going from the lake of Geneva, through 
the country of the Valais, and over Mount St. Bernard. 
It takes its name from an Auguftine canonry. This 
place is held to be the ancient Agaunum, where, at the 
end of the third century, the Theban legion, which con- 
fifted entirely of Chrillians, commanded by St. Maurice, 
is fuppoled to have lufrered martyrdom. Others fuppole 
it to be the Tarnada mentioned in Antoninus’s Itinerary. 
It is nineteen miles north-weft of Sion, and thirty-five 
ealt of Geneva. Lat.46.15-N. Ion. 6. 52. E. 
MAURICE BA'Y, a bay on the fouth coafl of the 
iiland of Java. Lit. 7. 38. N. Ion. 109. 3. E. 
MAURICE BA'Y, a bay on the weft fide of Cape Fare¬ 
well iiland, or fouth extremity of Eaft Greenland, and 
the principal harbour of that (ea. 
MAURICE de CAZEVIEL'LE, a town of France, in 
the department of the Gard : nine miles weft of Uzes. 
MAURICE CREE'K, a river of New Jerfty, which 
runs into Delaware Bay in lat. 39. 16. N. Ion. 75. 4. W. 
MAURICE sur FES'SORD, a town of France, in the 
department of the Loiret: five miles weft of Montargis. 
MAURICE PO'RT, a fniall cove, which has anchorage 
before it, twelve and a half fathoms, about half a mile 
from the (liore, over coral-rocks, on the eaft coall of Terra 
del Fuego iiland, on the welt (bore of Le Maire’s (traits, 
between that iiland and Stajen Land, On the eaft and 
north of the bay of Good Succels. 
MAURICE en TRIE'VES, a town of France, in the 
department of the Ifere: twenty-four miles (buth of Gre¬ 
noble. 
MAURICEAU' (Francis), a furggon of great reputa¬ 
tion in the art of midwifery, was a native of Paris. Dur¬ 
ing many years he applied to the (tudy. and practice of 
furgery in general ; anti it was not till after much obfte- 
trical experience in the Hotel Dieu that lie adorned the 
particular profelfion of that branch. By his writings, and 
his (kill and prudence in practice, he became more emi¬ 
nent in it than any perfon of his time ; and fora feries of 
years was in the height of employment. At length hs 
entirely 
