56a 
M A U 
entirely quitted btifinefs, and retired into the country, 
where he died in 1709. His works are, 1. Traite des 
Maladies des Femmes groffes, et celjes qui font accouchees, 
4to. 1668 ; often reprinted, and tranflated into various 
languages. 2. Obfervations fur la Grofl'efi'e Sc 1 ’ Accouche, 
inent des Femmes, 4to. 1695; this may be confidered as a 
continuation of the former, containing a great number 
of cafes and obfervations in illuftration of the doctrines 
there laid down: an additional collection of tbefe was 
given in ins Dernieres Obfervations fur les Maladies des 
Femmes groffes et accouchees, 410. 1706. His Apho- 
rifmes touchant 1 ’Accouchement, la GrofiefTe, et les Ma¬ 
ladies des Femmes, 1694, are a fummary of the doftrine 
of his large woik. All his works were printed collec¬ 
tively at Paris, in 2 vois. 4to. 1712, and afterwards. 
Mauriceau was but an indifferent anatomift, and did not 
excel in the invention of inftruments ; yet he was a great 
improver of his art in feveral important points, particu¬ 
larly relative to preternatural births and haemorrhages. His 
obfervations are a treafure of ufeful facts, though ill ar¬ 
ranged, and mixed v% itli faife reafoning. Hulleri Bibl. 
Chi ring . 
MAURIEN'NE, or Morienne, (County of), late a 
province of Savoy, confuting of a long narrow valley. It 
anciently belonged to the kings of Burgundy, and was 
erected into a county by Rodolphus III. at which time 
it was annexed to Savoy. It now belongs to France, and 
is included in the department of Mont Blanc. 
MAURIPI'DA, one of the Laccadive iflands. Lat. 
10. 38. N. Ion. 72. 21. E. 
MAURITA'NIA, Mauretania, or, as it is called by 
Strabo, Maurusia, in ancient geography, a confidera- 
ble part of the northern region of Africa, extending from 
Numidia towards the eait to the Atlantic ocean on the 
weft. Mauritania Propria, or Tingitania, confidered as 
unconnected with Mauritania Caefarienfis, was bounded 
on the eaft by the river Malva, or Mulucha ; on the welt 
by the Atlantic ocean ; on the fouth by Gastuiia, or Libya 
Interior; and on the north by the Mediterranean. This 
kingdom, being reduced to the form of a Roman province 
in the reign of Claudius, was denominated by that prince 
Mauritania Tingitana ; and it was called by the Romans 
at that time, as well as afterwards, Tingitania, from its 
principal city Tingi or Tingis; and thus diftinguifhed 
from Mauritania Cafarievfis . The Tingitania of the an¬ 
cients very nearly correfponds to the kingdoms of Fez and 
Morocco. As to the extent of Mauritania properly fo 
called, it may he eftirnated by confidering that the Malva 
or Mullooi’ah, its eaftern limit, about i° j 3' W. of Lon¬ 
don, is rather more than 240 miles aidant from the At¬ 
lantic ocean. Some modern geographers make the king¬ 
dom of Fez to be 270 miles long ; and that of Morocco, 
from Cape Non to the mountains.which divide it from 
Segelmelfa, above 370 ; but this computation, with re- 
fpect to the ancient Tingitania, is without doubt more 
erroneous than that of Pliny, which amounts only to 170 
miles. 
Mauritania and Maprufia, the names of this country, 
are derived from the Mauri, an ancient people who inha¬ 
bited it; and Bochart confiders Maurus as equivalent to 
Mahur, or Mnur, i. e. one from the weft or an occidentalift, 
Mauritania being weft of Carthage and Phoenicia. This 
eoumry, it is well known, bore alfo the name of Barbary, 
of which there are feveral derivations. To thofe that oc¬ 
cur under Barbary, vol. ii. we lhall here add, that the 
name may be formed from the oriental Bar Barca , or the 
Sea of Barca, a tow^i of the Pentapolis, called afterwards 
Ptolerhais. 
Tile Mauritanians, according to Ptolemy, were divided 
into feveral cantons or tribes, which it is needlefs for us 
now to enumerate. Some of its principal towns, rivers, 
ami capes, or promontories, have been enumerated under 
the article Geography, vol. viii. p. 392. The principal 
Blands on the coalt of Tingitania were the Tres Infulse 
of the Itinerary, north-welt of the Mulucha 3 Gezira or 
M A U 
Jezeirah, in the river Lixus, about three leagues from the 
lea, where the ancients placed the Hefperides ; Ptolemy’s 
Poene and Erythia, two obfcure iflands in the Atlantic ; 
the latter of which is now called Mogador : the Infills 
Purpuraliae, (aid by Hardouin to be Madeira and Porto 
Santo ; and the Infula Beatis, or Fortunate Iflands, of which 
forne reckoned ten, others (even, and others three. 
The earlieft prince of Mauritania mentioned in hiftory 
is Neptune ; and next to him were Atlas and Antreus his 
two ions, both famous in Grecian fable on account of 
their wars with Hercules. Antaeus, in his contention 
with that hero, fee ms to have behaved with great bravery 
and relolution. Having received large reinforcements of 
Libyan troops, he cut oft"great numbersof Hercules’s men. 
But that celebrated commander, having at lalt intercepted 
a ftrong body of Libyans lent to the relief of Antaeus, 
gave him a total overthrow’, wherein both be and the belt 
part of his forces were put to the fword. This decifive 
action put Hercules in pofteftion of Libya ar.d Mauritania, 
and confequently of the riches of all thefe kingdoms. 
Hence came the fable, that Hercules, finding Antaeus, a 
giant of an enormous fize with whom he was engaged in 
(ingle combat, to receive frefll (Length as often as be 
touched his mother-earth when thrown upon her, at ialt 
lifted him up in the air and fqueezed him to death. Hence 
likewife may be deduced the fable intimating that Her¬ 
cules took the globe from Atlas upon his own (lioulders, 
overcame the dragon that guarded the orchards of the 
Hefperides, and made hitnfelf mafter of all the golden 
fruit there. As for the golden apples fo frequently men¬ 
tioned by the old mythologilbs, they were the treafures 
that fell into Hercules’s hands upon the defeat of An¬ 
taeus ; the Greeks giving the oriental word “ riches,” 
the fignification affixed to their own term p.xAa, “ apples.” 
With regard to the age in which Atlas and Antaeus 
lived, the molt probable fuppofition feems to be that of 
fir Ifaac Newton. According to that illuItrious author, 
Ammon the father of Sefac was the firft king of Libya, 
or that vaft trad extending from the borders of Egypt to 
the Atlantic ocean ; the conqueft of which country was 
effected by Sefac in his father’s lifetime. Neptune after¬ 
wards excited the Libyans to a rebellion againft Sefac, 
and (lew him ; and then invaded Egypt under the com¬ 
mand of Atlas or Antreus, the fon of Neptune, Sefac’s 
brother and admiral. Not long after, Hercules, the gene¬ 
ral of Thebais and Ethiopia for the gods or great men of 
Egypt, reduced a fecond rime the whole continent of Li¬ 
bya, having overthrown and (lain Antaeus near a town in 
Thebais, from that event called Antaa or Antaopolis. This, 
we fay, is the notion advanced by fir Ifaac Newton ; who 
endeavours to prove, that the firft reduction of Libya, by 
Sefac, happened a little above a thoufand years before the 
birth of Chrift, as the lalt, by Hercules, did foine few 
years after. Now, though we do not pretend to adopt 
every particular circumifance of fir Ifaac’s fyftem, yet we 
cannot forbear obfcrving, that it appears undeniably plain 
from Scripture, that neither the weltern extremity of Li¬ 
bya, nor even the other parts of that region, could poffi- 
bly have been fo well peopled before the time of David a T 
Solomon,as to have lent a numerous army to invade Egypt. 
For Egypt and Phoenicia, from whence the greateit part 
of the anceftors of the Libyans came, and which were 
much nearer the place from whence the firft dilperfion of 
mankind was made, could not themfelves have been great¬ 
ly overltocked will) inhabitants any confiderable time be¬ 
fore the reign of Saul. And that fuch an invalion hap¬ 
pened in the reign of Neptune, or at lea ft of his Ion An¬ 
taeus, has been molt fully evinced by this molt excellent 
chronologer. From the defeat of Antaeus, nothing re¬ 
markable occurs in the hiftory of Mauritania till the times 
of the Romans, who at lalt brought the whole kingdom 
under their jurifdidtion ; for which fee the article Rome. 
As to the cuftonis, &c. of this people, it would feem 
from what Hyginus infinuates, that they fought only with 
clubs, till one Belus, the fon of Neptune, as that author 
3 calls 
