57G MAY 
ome fevere ftriftures on the Parifian phyficians. The 
Galeniffs, however, not only replied, but proceeded to 
iflue a decree of the faculty againft confulting with him, 
conceived in very bitter and abufive terms. Buttheefteem 
of Henry IV. which he had fully obtained, fo far fup- 
ported him, that he continued to prailife in Paris, and 
would have been appointed firft phyfician to the king, 
provided he would have embraced the Catholic religion. 
Even in fpite of his unyielding adherence to Proteftantifm, 
the king would have given him that appointment, had 
not the Jefuits influenced queen Mary de Medicis to in- 
terpofe and prevent it. In 1607, an Engiifhman of rank, 
who had been his patient, took him over to England, and 
introduced him to the royal family. He returned to Paris, 
and remained there till after the aflaffination of Henry IV. 
which took place in May 1610. In the following year, 
ha received an invitation from king James I. to come and 
take the office of his firft phyfician, which he accepted, 
and palled the reft of his life in England, where he ap¬ 
pears to have been confidered as the firtt perfon in the 
profeflion. He was admitted to the degree of doftor in 
both univerfities, and into the college of phyficians, and 
treated with the greateft refpecf by thefe learned bodies. 
He incurred fome obloquy on account of the fatal fick- 
nefs of Henry prince of Wales, in Oftober 1612; in the 
treatment of which he differed in opinion from the other 
phyficians, with refpeft to the ufe of blood-letting. But 
his conduct obtained the approbation of the king and 
council; of which certificates, couched in the mod fa- 
tisfaftory terms, were given him. He received the ho¬ 
nour of knighthood from James, in 1624; and, on the 
acceflion of Charles I. he was appointed firft phyfician 
to him and his queen, and rofe to high favour, particu¬ 
larly with the latter. During the civil commotions he 
Hill adhered to the royal party, for he was appointed firft 
phyfician to Charles II. after the death of his father, al¬ 
though the office was now merely nominal. Thus he en¬ 
joyed the extraordinary honour of ferving four kings fuc- 
ceflively in his medical capacity; and during all this pe¬ 
riod he was moft extenfively employed by perfons of the 
firft rank in this kingdom, by which he accumulated a 
large fortune. He died at Chelfea, March 15, 1655, in 
the eighty-fecond year of his age, and was buried in the 
church of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. He bequeathed his 
library to the college of phyficians. 
The only work which fir Theodore Mayerne publifhed 
himfelf, was the “ Apologia,’’ before mentioned. But in 
Germany a letter of his was printed in 1619, “ De Go¬ 
norrheas inveteratae, et Carunculse et Ulceris in meatu 
urinario curatione ad Geo. Mat. Koningium.” After his 
death, were publifhed “Medical Counlels and Advices,’’ 
and “ A Treatife on the Gout,” which had been written 
in French, tranflated into Latin by Theoph. Bonetus,and 
thence into Engiifh by Dr. Thomas Sherley, in 1676. 
Alfo, “ Praxeos Mayernianae in Morbis internis graviori- 
bus et chronicis Syntagma,” publifhed in 1690, by his god- 
fon, fir Theodore de Vaux, who alfo communicated to 
the Royal Society, in 1687, “ Mayerne’s Account of the 
Difeafes of Dogs, with feveral Receipts for Canine Mad- 
nefs,” printed in the Philofophical Tranfaftions for that 
year. “ Traftatus de cura Gravidarum,” added to an 
edition of the Praxis. Moft of thefe were included in 
Dr. Jofeph Browne’s publication entitled Mayernii Opera 
Medica, compltdentia Confilia, Epijlolas, et ObJervation.es, Phar- 
Viacopciam variafaue Medicamentorum formulas ; folio, 1701. 
The firft book in this volume confifts of medical cafes 
treated by the author, to moft of which the names of the 
patients are prefixed, who are in general perfons of the 
firft quality in France aiul England. They comprehend 
a feries from 1605 101640. The defcriptions 3i e generally 
diftinfft, minute, and judicious ; and the reafonings, though 
commonly founded upon the erroneous dofhines of that 
time, are yet acute and learned. His prefcriptions are moft- 
ly of the compound form of the Galenical fchool; yet his 
'Pharmacopeia exhibits a number of chemical preparations, 
MAY 
and he doubtlefs contributed much to their introduftion. 
Nor did he confine his chemical knowledge to medicinal 
fubjefts ; for he is faid to have difcovered, by a courfe of 
experiments, the principal colours to be ufed in enamel¬ 
ling, and to have communicated them to Petitot, the fa¬ 
mous painter in that branch. He was likewife coriverfant 
with natural hiftory ; and edited Mouffet’s pofthumous 
Theatrnm Infeflorum. A Hun's Biog. Mem. of Med. 
MA'YET, a town of France, in the department of the 
Sarte: fifteen miles fouth of Le Mans.—A town of France, 
in the department of the Ailier : ten miles fouth-eaft of 
. Cuffet. 
MAYE'TA ,f in botany. See Melastoma. 
MAYEU'VRE (Grand), a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Mofelle : five miles eaft of Briev. 
MAY'FIELD, a townlhip of America, in Montgomery 
county, New York, incorporated in 1793, and containing 
876 inhabitants. 
MAY'HEM. See Maiham, p. 154. 
MAY'HEW (Jonathan), an eminent New-England di¬ 
vine, born at Martha’s Vineyard in 1720, was the fon of 
Experience Mayhew, long a worthy and zealous miffion- 
ary among the natives of North America. Jonathan was 
originally defigned for agricultural life; but, difcovering 
in early youth a great love of reading, his father, whofe 
circumftances were narrow, fold a part of his eftate, that 
lie might beftow upon him a literary education; and, af¬ 
ter due inftruFtion under himfelf, fent him, in his twen¬ 
tieth year, to the univerfity of Cambridge, in New Eng¬ 
land. He became greatly diftinguilhed in this feminary 
by his exemplary conduct, and his proficiency in acade¬ 
mical ftudies; and, having qualified himfelf for the theo¬ 
logical profeflion, he received, in 1747, an invitation to 
the office of paftor of the Welt Church of Bolton, which 
he accepted. Bcfides the common fervice of the church, 
he opened a lecture during the fummer, which was at¬ 
tended by a numerous and refpeftable audience; and a 
fet of feven fermons preached at it was his firft publica¬ 
tion. Thefe difcourfes were fo well approved, not only 
in America but in England, that they were reprinted in 
London in 175o; and were the occafion of his receiving 
the diploma of D.D. from Aberdeen. In a fermon preached 
on the 30th of January, and afterwards publifhed, he de¬ 
clared fo decidedly againft the doftrine of paflive obe¬ 
dience, that it gained him the particular efteem of that 
zealous friend of liberty, Mr. Thomas Hollis, who fent 
him anonymoufly a prefent of books, which he repeated, 
accompanying the gift with a letter figned by himfelf, and 
feveral valuable prefents for the univerfity. An ele&ion- 
fermon, which he preached in 1754 before the governor and 
houfe of reprefentatives, was printed at their requelt, and 
an edition of it appeared in London. In 1755, Dr. Mayhew 
publifhed a volume of fermons on the fubjedl of Hearing 
the Word, in which he freely gave his opinions on certain 
doftrinal points. It appears that he deviated coniiderably 
from what is called the orthodox fyftem, with regard to 
the doftrines of the trinity, and of juftification by faith. 
He printed a fecond volume of fermons in 1759. The in- 
ftruttion of the younger part of his hearers being always 
a particular objeft of his lolicitude, he preached in 1763 
a fet of fermons upon the words, “ Young men alfo ex¬ 
hort to be fober-minded which, at the requeft of anutn- 
ber of them, were publifhed, and were greatly approved. 
The Society for Propagating the Golpel in Foreign 
Parts, foon after its inffitution in 1701, began to fend 
miffionaries into North America. The New Englanders 
being chiefly of the prefbyterian church, and who had 
themfelves been attentive to the converfion of the natives, 
conceived that a greater proportion than neceffary of the 
million was allotted to them, and entertained a jealoufy 
that the defign was rather to make converts toepifcopacy 
than to chriftianity. The iubjeft towards the middle of 
the century became a matter of newfpaper-controverfy ; and 
charges were brought againft the condufl of the imlliona- 
ries, which induced one of their number, Mr. Apthorp, 
m 
