cos 
M £ A S U R E. 
A Square Foot of Turin contains - - i6r8o 
Venice ... i8'7*i3 
Vienna - - - 155-00 
Zurich - 339-42 
A French Square Metre - - 1550 00 
III. Cubical Measures, or Meafures of Capacity, for 
Liquids. 
Scotch, liquid meafure is founded on the pint. The 
Scotch pint was formerly regulated by a ftandard jug of 
cart metal, the cuftody of which was committed to the 
borough of Stirling. This jug was fuppofed to contain 
105 cubic inches; and though, after feveral careful trials, 
it has been found to contain only about 103I inches, yet, 
in compliance with eftablifhed cuftom, founded on that 
opinion, the pint Jloups are ttill regulated to contain 105 
inches, and the cuftomary ale-meafures are about -^5-above 
that ftandard. It was enacted by king James I. of Scot¬ 
land, that the pint fhotild contain 41 ounces trone-w'eight 
of the clear water of Tay; and by James VI. that it fhould 
contain 55 Scots troy-ounces of the clear water of Leith. 
This affords another method of regulating the pint, and 
alfo afcertains the ancient ltandard of the trone-weight. 
As the waters of Tay and Leith are alike, the trone-weight 
mult have been to the Scots troy-weight as 55 to 41; and 
therefore the pound trone mult have contained about 
2i| ounces Scots troy. The Scotcii quart contains 210 
inches; and is, therefore, about lei’s than the Englilh 
■wine-gallon, and about ( lefs than the ale-gallon. 
As to the liquid meafures of foreign nations, it is to be 
obferved, that their feveral veffels for wine, vinegar. See. 
have various denominations according to their diffe¬ 
rent fizes and the places wherein they are ufed. The 
woeders of Germany, for holding Rheaifh and Mofelle 
■wines, are different in their gauges; fome containing 14. 
aumes of Amfterdam meafure, and others more or lefs. 
The aume is reckoned at Amfterdam for 8 fteckans, or 
30 verges, or for of a tun of a pipes, or 4 barrels of 
French or Bourdeaux, which at this latter place is called 
tzerfon, becaufe 3 of them make a pipe or 2 barrels, and 
6 the laid tun. The fteckan is 16 mingles, or 32 pints ; 
and the verge is, in refpeft of the faid Rhenifh and Mo¬ 
felle, and fome other forts of wine, 6 mingles; hut, in 
nieafuring brandy it confifts of 6-J- mingles. The aume 
is divided into 4 anckers, and the ancker into 2 fteckans, 
or 32 mingles. The ancker is taken fometimes for of 
a tun, or 4 barrels; on which footing the Bourdeaux 
barrel ought to contain at Amfterdam (when the cafk is 
*nade according to the juft gauge) i2§ fteckans, or 200 
shingles, wine and lees; or 12 fteckans, or 192 mingles, 
racked wine; fo that the Bourdeaux tun of wine contains 
jo fteckans, or 800 mingles, wine and lees; and 48 fteck¬ 
ans, or 768 mingles, of pure wine. The barrels or poin5ons 
of Nantes and other places on the river Loire, contain 
only 12 fteckans, Amfterdam meafure. The wine-tun of 
Rochelle, Cogniac, Charente, and the ifle of Rhe, differs 
very little from the tun of Bourdeaux, and confequently 
from the barrels and pipes. A tun of wine of C'halofte, 
Bayonne, and the neighbouring places, is reckoned 60 
fteckans, and the barrel 15, Amfterdam meafure. 
The muid of Paris contains 130 quarts or 300 pints, 
vtine and lees ; or 280 pints clear wine; of which muids 
3 make a tun. The muid is alfo compofed of pipes or 
poingons, quarteaux, queves, and demiqueves ; thof’e 
poinj'ons of Paris and Orleans contain about 15 fteckans 
Amlterdam meafure, and ought to weigh with the cafk 
6:66lb. a little more or let’s. In Provence they reckon by 
milleroles, and the millerole of Toulon contains 66 Paris 
pints, or 100 pints of Amfterdam, nearly ; and the Paris 
pint is nearly equal to the Engiifh wine-quart. Thefeare 
the old meafures of France ; the account of which, for the 
lake of companion, is here retained. Poftibly they may 
hereafter come again into life, if indeed they have been 
really and generally difeontinued. 
The butts or pipes from Cadiz, Malaga, Alicant, Bene- 
carlo, Saloe, and Mararo, and from the Canaries, from 
lifbon, Oporto, and Faya!, are very different in their 
27 Veertels 
29 Veertels 
32 Verges 
'I 
gauges, th,ough in affreightments they are all reckoned 
two to the tun. 
Vinegar is meafured in the fame manner as wine; but 
the meafures for brandies are different: thefe fpirits from 
France, Spain, Portugal, See. are generally fnipped in large 
cafks called pipes 9 butts , and pieces , according to the places 
from whence they are imported, Sec. In France, brandy 
is ftiipped in cafks called pieces at Bourdeaux, and pipes at 
Rochelle, Cogniac, the itle of Rhe, and other neighbour¬ 
ing places, which contain fome more and fome lefs, even 
from 60 to 90 Amfterdam verges or veertels, according 
to the capacity of the veflels, and the places they come 
from, which, being reduced into barrels, will Itand as 
follows, viz. 
At Rochelle, Cogniac, the itle of Rhe, 
and the country of Aunis 
At Nantes, and feveral places of Bre¬ 
tagne and Anjou .... 
At Bourdeaux, and different parts of 
Guienne - .... 
At Amlterdam, and other cities of 
Holland - - - 
At Hamburgh and Lubec 
At Embden - __ 
In Provence and Languedoc, brandy is fold by the 
quintal, the cafks included; and at Bruges in Flanders 
the verges are called fcjiers of 36 Itops each, and the fpi¬ 
rits are fold at fo much per (fop. r 
Olive-oil is alfo ftiipped in cafks of various fizes, ac¬ 
cording to the cuftom of the places where it is embarked 
and the convenient^ of ltowage. In England it is fold’ 
by the tun of 236 gallons; and at Amfterdam by the tua 
of 717 mingles, or 1434 pints. In Provence it is fold by 
milleroles of 66 Paris pints ; from Spain and Portugal it 
is brought in pipes or butts of different gauges; at the 
firft place it is fold by roves, where 40 go to the butt; and 
at the latter place by almoudas, whereof 26 make a pipe. 
Train-oil is fold in England by the tun, at Amfterdam 
by the barrel. 
Jewish, reduced to Englijli Winemeafure. 
Gal. Pints. Sol. In. 
Caph .... 
30 Veertels 
30 Verges 
.27 Verges j 
i 77 
5 $ 
16 
32 
96 
960 
Lo° 
72 
720 
Cab 
3 Hin 
2iseah 
180 
Bath,or Ephah 
—1 C Co. on, or 
'o|. 1 Homer 
o c'- 0211 
o 3^ 0-844 
1 2 2 '533 
2 4 5'o67 
7 4 1 5 ' 2 
76 5 7-625 
Greek, reduced to Englijli Wine-meafure. 
Gal. Pints. Sol. Id*- 
0 T20 °'° 3 S 
o -ds 0-089 
o Aj 0-178. 
O 0-356 
0 $ °' 53 &. 
o i 2-141 
1 4-283 
6 25-698 
2 
lanuu 
Cheme 
• • 
2 4 
Myftrone 
• 
• 
5 
10 
2 I 
5 
2 
4 
Conche 
2 Cyathos 
15 
7 -t 
6 
3 
iijoxybap 
60 
3 ° 
24 
I 2 
6 | 4 
Cot 
120 
60 
48 
24 
12 | 8 
2 
720 
360 
288 
144 
72 | 48 
I 2 
8640 
4320 
3456 
1728 
864 I576 
144 
Xeftes o 
Chous o 
2 19*629 
Roman, 
