30 The Colorado Experiment Station. 
* 
and then once a month through the year. Dipping with coal tar 
dips not only kills the vermin, but keeps the skin and hair in a 
healthful condition and is worth the cost .of the operation, aside 
from killing the lice. 
The most convenient method is to sink a galvanized iron vat, 
the top level with the ground, and leave a shute leading from the 
hog lot to the vat, and another from the dripping board to the lot. 
The dipping mixture can be kept in the vat all the time and 
be protected by a cover when hogs are not being dipped. With 
such an arrangement, it is a short and easy job to dip 50 to 200 
hogs. The dipping mixture will need to be changed three or four 
times a year. 
In Colorado it is safe to dip in winter if done on a warm, 
sunny day, and the hogs are kept in the sun and out of the wind 
until dry. 
Where only a few pigs are kept, they may be treated by wash¬ 
ing them thoroughly with a cloth or sponge wet with the dipping 
solution. 
Besides dipping, the hogs should have short posts set for 
them in their yards and pastures. Wrap the posts with old potato 
or bran sacks and once a week saturate these sacks with crude 
oil. A louse bites the hog, he rubs the spot on the sack and the 
oil kills the louse. 
When hogs are found to be lousy, their sleeping, feeding and 
resting places should be thoroughly cleaned, all bedding burned, 
and these places sprinkled or sprayed with the dipping mixtures. 
Pregnant sows should not be run through the dipping vat. 
SHELTER AND CONVENIENCES. 
The average change in temperature each 24 hours in Colo¬ 
rado is 20 degrees. For hogs this necessitates a dry, warm shelter, 
free from draughts every night,, both summer and winter. Hog 
cholera is found in Colorado only in localities where it has been 
brought from other states; but the losses in hogs from pneumonia 
and rheumatism are as great in Colorado as the losses in the corn 
belt from cholera, and are caused by needless exposure. 
The beginner in hog raising should start with cheap shelter, 
and not put up any large buildings until he can do so from the 
profits of his hogs. Usually, after he has learned the business, 
he will not want large buildings. The shelter should be warm, 
light and dry, free from draughts, but well ventilated and easy to 
disinfect in case of disease. 
Hogs should be comfortably bedded, but it is best to use just 
enough bedding to keep them warm, and to change it once or 
twice a week. Where a large quantity of bedding is supplied it 
