The: Fixation of Nitrogen. 63 
photograph looks southward and shows that portion of the land 
from which the trees had been removed. There was white alkali 
showing on a portion of this area at the time the picture was taken 
but it cannot be distinguished from the sunshine on unstained 
ground. The white patches in the other figures are due to sun¬ 
shine. Fig. 1, Plate V looks westward into that portion of the 
orchard not yet affected. Fig. 2 of the same plate looks eastward 
across the affected area. Fig. 2, Plate III looks southward across 
the worst portion of the land while Fig. 2, Plate IV looks north¬ 
ward toward the still healthy portion of the orchard as the back¬ 
ground shows. It will be noticed that the third row and even some 
trees in the second row were in good condition at the time the 
picture was taken, October 29, 1910, but they died so rapidly that 
in the spring of 1911 five rows of these trees including the row of 
dead trees in the foreground were dug up and by June four more 
rows of trees had been killed. 
The following are analyses of white alkali, water-soluble por¬ 
tions of this soil, and the ground water. 
Laboratory No. 996, white alkali within bad area, 18.67 per- 
cent soluble in water. 
Laboratory No. 1027, white alkali within area where trees 
were killed, 22.71 percent soluble in water. 
Laboratory No. 1029, soil from orchard designated, Case 23, 
surface of soil brown, trees dying, 11.44 percent soluble in water. 
Laboratory No. 999, water taken from cellar August 18, 1910, 
total solids 14,230 p. p. m. 
Laboratory No. 1040, water taken from cellar December 28, 
1910, total solids 17,561 p. p. m. 
Laboratory No. 1028, surface soil, composite sample, one to 
two inches deep. No white alkali, trees dead, 3.11 percent soluble 
in water. 
Laboratory No. 1046, brown, mealy soil four inches deep, com¬ 
posite sample, 1.29 percent soluble in water. 
Laboratory No. 1041, water collected from sixteen-foot hole 
January 6, 1911, total solids 22,100 p. p. m. 
