Garden Notes, 1910. 11 
after being plowed, so as to make a fine smooth seed bed. Two 
systems of growing are used in the State. One, the flat system has 
rows 12 to 14 inches apart. The other is known as the double row 
system. That is two rows are close together, with a wider space 
between. In the Greeley district, irrigation is given by means of 
flooding. Few diseases trouble the onion crop. Occasionally some 
loss is sustained from onion rot. A small insect known as “thrips” 
cause considerable injury to the onion in this State. This insect 
is so small as not to be ordinarily noticed. A grayish appearance 
of the leaves and stems; together with a tendency of the leaves 
to twist, indicate the presence of this insect. This pest is not easily 
destroyed. About the only means of control is by spraying with 
some contact insecticide as black leaf sheep dip or a soluble oil. 
These are seldom very satisfactory, owing to the fact that the in¬ 
sects are for the most part between the leaves, where they are 
protected from the spray. The varieties mostly grown in the State 
are the Red Globe, Red Wethersfield, Yellow Globe Danvers, White 
Globe, and Prize Taker. Onions for family use may be grown in 
all altitudes and soils of the State. In heavy soils there may be 
trouble from the seed not being able to prick through the crust. 
This may be overcome by keeping the soil moist at the time plants 
are appearing through the ground. In keeping onions for winter, 
it is best to have them in a cool dry place. 
Peas .—Peas are well adapted to practically all districts of 
Colorado. Northern Colorado is becoming noted for its production 
of the garden pea for canning purposes. Factories have been 
established at Longmont, Loveland, and Greeley. The cultivation 
of this plant is very simple. For garden use it only need be planted 
early in spring, in drills from two to four inches deep. The 
wrinkled varieties are somewhat prone to rot in the ground when 
planted in heavy soil. Few insects or plant diseases trouble peas in 
Colorado. 
Pepper .—The pepper is similar to the egg plant and tomato, 
so far as soil requirements are concerned. The plant does its best 
in a rich warm soil. It may be grown, however, in any of the agri¬ 
cultural districts of the State, provided the plants are started early 
enough to have good sized plants to set when the soil is sufficiently 
warmed for planting in the field. The seed of the pepper is very 
slow to germinate, so that plants should be started earlier than for 
tomato, or cabbage. 
Salsify .—This vegetable is comparatively little known, but is 
desirable as a winter and spring vegetable and is recommended for 
the home garden. The culture of this plant is very simple. Seed 
may be sown in drills in the garden at any distance apart that may 
be desired. The seeds are almost sure to grow, so that a good stand 
