The Fixation oe Nitrogen. 35 
in 1911 would have been interesting to watch, if the owner had 
not removed the six-or-eight-acre block of trees. 
Cases NOS. 13 and 14 —These orchards have suffered 
greatly, especially No. 14, during the past seasons; fifty acres or 
more in the two orchards have been seriously affected, and many 
trees have died. The soil conditions vary considerably in different 
portions of these properties; some of the land, a small portion, is 
low, but the most of it is well located.. I have joined these prop¬ 
erties because they are close together but not adjoining and be¬ 
cause they present, in the main, essentially the same problems. They 
are both pretty well protected against seepage, being nearly if not 
the highest ground under irrigation in that section. One of them 
has a very deep wash on the north and west sides of it and a 
system of drains running through the lower land. The questions 
pertaining to Orchard No. 13 may be more involved than any 
which I have heretofore described, but this is not the case with 
No. 14. I gave the analyses of two samples of drain water from 
Orchard No. 13 in Bulletin 155. They were as follows: 
ANALYSES 
XLIII 
XLIV 
Residue from 
Residue from 
Drain 
Drain 
Water 
Water 
laboratory 
laboratory 
No. 610 
No. 792 
Percent 
Percent 
Calcic sulfate . 
. 23.202 
22.352 
Magnesic sulfate . 
. 36.662 
31.586 
Potassic sulfate . 
. 0.705 
1.502 
Sodic sulfate . 
. 29.991 
24.775 
Sodic chlorid . 
. 2.863 
9.050 
Sodic carbonate . 
. 4.093 
4.120 
Sodic nitrate . 
. 2.275 
6.500 
Silicic acid . 
. 0.209 
0.115 
100.000 
100.000 
The solids in these waters are essentially sulfates. The small 
amount of carbonates indicates the amount of this salt to be ex¬ 
pected in the soil. We find in the drain waters from soils more 
favorably conditioned than this one, from seven to twenty-three 
percent of the total solids held in solution consisting of this salt, 
carbonate. I unfortunately do not know the amount of water 
discharged by the respective drains at the time the samples were 
taken but the total solids varied only slightly. No. 610 contained 
637.3 grains of total solids per imperial gallon; No. 792, 622.65 
grains. A drain water flowing from a piece of strongly alkalized 
ground contained 113.8 grains, sample taken in April. Another 
sample from the same ground, taken in July, contained 72.8 grains, 
and another in February three years later contained 160.5 grains. 
Another drain water flowing from a somewhat alkalized area, but 
