20 
ANIMALS IN MOTION. 
still lingers on the ground in 12; a phase fractionally in 
comparative advance of O in 1. 
One half of the stride is now completed. 
Assuming that no interruption takes place, and the 
horse to be walking, under the usual conditions, on level 
ground, the remaining half—with a substitution of the right 
feet for the left—will be executed in practically the same 
manner. 
This analysis determines the successive methods of 
support afforded by the feet of a horse during a normal 
stride of the walk to be— 
A 
A-- 
o--# 
A- -4 
A 
Zrh4 A-~ 
o-# o- o - o— o--® 
A-- 
The notation may, of course, be commenced at any phase, 
but in the normal walk of a horse it will invariably be 
found that the support is thrown, during one stride, twice 
on the laterals, twice on the diagonals, twice on two fore 
feet and one hind-foot, and twice on two hind feet and 
one fore-foot; eight different systems of support. 
Series 2 illustrates twelve consecutive phases of a 
powerful draught horse pulling a dead weight of perhaps 
one thousand pounds, requiring a continuous strain. 
The synchronous fore-shortenings are on p. 29. 
Series 3 demonstrates the walk of a thorough-bred 
Kentucky mare, who is also represented in the canter and 
the gallop. On p. 41 are five phases each, of a fast walk, 
and a slow trot; the last phase of the walk indicates a 
tendency to increase the pace to an amble. The plate 
may be found useful in demonstrating the transitions to 
and from the central phases of each line, they having 
some points of resemblance. 
When an animal is walking very slowly, the supports 
are not furnished alternately by two and by three feet, as 
in the normal walk, but by alternations of three and of 
four feet, each foot is placed in regular succession on the 
ground in advance of its preceding foot being lifted there¬ 
from. Had the ass in series 5 been walking a little more 
slowly, four feet on the ground would have been seen in 
phases 1, 7, and 12. An animal grazing in the fields affords 
an illustration of a very slow walk, and a good opportunity 
of studying the sequence of foot-fallings. 
The ox, goat, and hog, as representatives of double¬ 
toed, or cloven-footed animals ; and the elephant, Bactrian 
camel, lion, dog, raccoon, and capybara as representatives 
of soft-footed quadrupeds, will be found, in their respective 
seriates, to follow, while walking, the same sequence of 
foot-fallings as that disclosed by the horse. 
A noteworthy confirmation of the law governing the 
walk was found in the case of a child suffering' from 
infantile paralysis, whose only method of locomotion was 
by the use of her limbs exactly in the manner of a 
quadruped. In her progress it was revealed that not only 
was the regular system of limb movements used, but the 
support of the body devolved, in their proper sequence, on 
