THE WALK. 
21 
the laterals and on the diagonals. The diagram in this 
chapter is as faithful a representation of the consecutive 
impacts by that child as it is of those by an elephant, 
a turtle, or a mouse. 
In our enumeration of movements, crawling is classified 
as a method of walking. Series 17 illustrates a strong, 
healthy child crawling on her hands and knees. Phase 4 
clearly demonstrates support on the diagonals alone ; that 
afforded by the laterals is not so easily recognized ; the 
succession, however, is indisputable. 
With man walking erect, as we find in seriates 18 
and 19, the culmination of the swing of the arm must be 
considered as the equivalent of placing its hand on the 
ground. It will be seen in 1, series 18, that although 
the right foot is not yet flat on the ground, and the toe 
of the left foot remains in contact therewith, the right 
arm has commenced its forward thrust, which terminates 
in 6, before the heel of the left foot reaches the ground. 
In 7, the right hand is on its backward swing, while the 
left has commenced its forward motion. Attempts were 
made to obtain visible evidence of the tendency of a 
bird’s wing while using its legs in walking ; the resulting 
information was inconclusive. In series 20 we have an 
animal that apparently disregards the law governing the 
walk. Although the ape family, during their progress on 
the surface of the ground, are accustomed to use all four of 
their limbs as supports, their constant habit of climbing has 
so developed the strength of their anterior limbs, or arms, 
that they have become the superior, and consequently, in 
their movements, usually take precedence of their laterals. 
If, while a horse is walking, two moving feet are seen 
respectively in advance of, and to the rear of the support¬ 
ing legs, they are diagonals; if two moving feet are seen 
under the body, between the supporting legs, they are 
diagonals, as disclosed by phases 2 and 7, series 1. In 
series 20, phases r and 3, this rule is reversed; but it 
is not invariably followed. An ape will occasionally walk 
on all-fours, with the same order of foot-fallings as that 
which characterizes the rotatory-gallop. 
The family of apes, when climbing, make prior use 
of the stronger lateral, as may be seen in series 21, repre¬ 
senting a baboon climbing a pole. 
The sloth would find its horizontally suspended walk 
difficult to execute with any relaxation of diagonal support, 
as series 22 demonstrates. 
The movements of animals in their relation to design 
in Art requires far broader treatment than is possible in 
the present volume ; its province in this important matter 
will, therefore, be confined to a superficial review of the 
expression given to some of the movements, as illustrated 
by a few examples of ancient and modern times. It is 
worthy of note that the presumed most ancient relic yet 
I discovered of artistic design represents the quadrupedal 
walk scientifically correct. The position of the limbs of 
the reindeer, in the well-known etching by some pre¬ 
historic artist, is precisely the same as photographed from 
nature in series 1, phase 8. 
The inflexible laws of an all-powerful priesthood, and 
the superstitions of a docile people, prohibited the Egyptian 
artist from giving more than one expression to the walk 
