80 NEW 
try gentlemen, advances with his truncheon to the mid¬ 
dle of the river, and prefents it to the bifliop, who re¬ 
turns it, and then is conduced along with acclamations. 
Here was formerly a nunnery. 
NEW'STED, a village of Nottingham(hire, in the pa- 
rifh of Papplewick, in the foreft of Sherwood, near the 
head of the little river Lynn, to the left of the market- 
town of Southwell. Here is Newfted Abbey, feat of the 
ancient family of the Byrons. It was a fmall priory 
founded by Henry II. and given by Henry VIII. to fir 
John Byron ; one of which name, having fignalized him- 
felf very remarkably in favour of Charles I. was created 
a baron ; which honour Hill continues in the family. See 
the article Heraldry, vol. ix. p. 564. This houfe is 
fituated in a vale, in the midft of an extenfive park, finely 
planted. On one fide of the houfe a very large winding 
lake was made by the late lord Byron, and is a noble 
water. On the other fide alfo is a very fine lake, which 
flows almoft up to the houfe. The banks on one fide are 
fine woods, which fpread over the edge of a hill down to 
the water ; on the other fhore, fcattered groves, and park. 
On the banks are tw'o caftles wafhed by the water of the 
lake; they are uncommon, though pidturefque ; but it 
feems rather unfortunate, that the cannon (hould be le¬ 
velled at the parlour-windows. A twenty-gun fhip, with 
feveral yachts and boats lying at anchor, throw an air of 
molt pleafing cheerfulnefs over the whole fcene. The 
riding up the hill leads to a Gothic building, from whence 
the view of the lakes, the abbey and its fine arch, the 
plantations and the park, are feen at once, and form a Very 
noble landfcape. 
Not far from this is Ainfley, or Annefley, which town 
gave name to a family that were poffefled of it from the 
Norman invafion to the time of Henry VI. from whence 
defcended the earls of Anglefea; but, for want of heirs 
male, the title became extindt in the year 1761 ; and the 
property came then by marriage into the family of the 
Chaworths, who have a! good feat here, well wooded, and 
watered with beautiful filh-ponds. Wilkes's Briti/k Di- 
re&oiry, vol. iv. 
NEWT,/ [epete, Sax. 'Newt is fuppofed by Skinner 
to be contracted from an evc.t; but the eft is now diftin- 
■ guifiied from the newt. Ben Jonfon writes it neuft: 
“ Hath not a lhail, a fpider, yea, a neuft, been found 
there?” B.Jonfon’s Barthol. Fair.] A fmall lizard; they 
are fuppofed to be appropriated fome to the land, arid 
■ florae to the water; they are harmlefs. See Lacerta, 
vol. xii. p. 45, 57.—Such humidity is obferved in newts 
and water-lizards, efpecially if their (kins be perforated or 
pricked. Brown. 
O thou ! whofe felf-fame mettle, 
Whereof thy proud child, arrogant man, is puft, 
Engenders the black toad and adder blue. 
The gilded newt and eyelefs venom’d worm. Shahfpeare. 
NEW'TON, a townfliip of Lancafltire, England: three 
miles north-eaft of Manchefter.-—A townfliip of Chefliire: 
feven miles north-ealf of Stockport.—A townfliip of Dur¬ 
ham : five miles weft of Stockton. 
NEW'TON, a pleafant townfliip of North America, in 
Middlefex-county, Maflachufetts, on Charles-river, in¬ 
corporated in 1691, and containing 1491 inhabitants: 
nine miles weft of Bofton.-—A fmall town in Chefter- 
county, Pennfylvania: tw'enty-lwo miles fouth of Phila¬ 
delphia.—A townfliip in Rockingham-county, New Hamp- 
ftiire, on Pow'ow-river, adjoining Ameibury in Maflachu- 
fetts, ten or twelve miles fouth of Exeter; incorporated 
in 1749, and containing 450 inhabitants.—A town in the 
ftate of Virginia : five miles fouth of Norfolk. 
NEW'TON (Thomas), who flouriftied in the 16th and 
17th centuries, was the eldeft fon of Edward Newton of 
Preftbury, in Chefliire, where he was bora. He received 
the firft rudiments of gramma tical learning under John 
Brownfword, for whom he app ears to have retained the 
moft ardent affedtion. So great, indeed, were his refpedt 
NEW 
and attachment for the memory of this gentleman, that 
he erefited a monument to him in the church of Macclef- 
field, in Chefliire, with a Latin infeription. Newton was 
fent very young to Oxford, from whence, in a fhort time, 
he removed to Cambridge, where he entered himfelf in 
Queen’s College, and became fo eminent for his fkill in 
Latin poetry, that he was ranked among the moft cele¬ 
brated modern poets who have written in that language. 
After this he returned to his native county ; and, having 
obtained the warm and zealous patronage of Robert earl 
of Efiex, he taught fchool, and at the fame time prac- 
tifed phyfic with fuccefsat Macclesfield. He was likewife 
in holy orders ; and afterwards became beneficed at Little 
Ilford, in Eflex, where he alfo exercifed his profeflion as 
a fchoolmafter, and where he continued till his death, 
which happened in 1607. He was buried in the church 
belonging to that village, for the decoration of which he 
left a confiderable legacy. He wrote and tranfiated many 
books, and among the latter was the tragedy of Seneca, 
entitled “ Thebais.” He undertook alfo the publication 
of the other tragedies of this poet, tranfiated by Key wood, 
Neville, Nuce, &c. Bing. Dram. 
NEW'TON (John), an Englifti mathematician, and 
divine of the eflabliftied church, was born at Oundle, in 
Northamptonfliire, in the year 1612. Having attained a 
good (hare of claflical knowledge, he was, at the age of fif¬ 
teen, entered a commoner at St. Edmund’s hall, Oxford. 
In the year 1641, he took his degrees of B. A. and M. A. 
the latter in precedence to many ftudents of quality, on 
account of his diftinguiftied talents in the feveral branches 
of literature. He was particularly attached to the ftudy 
of mathematics and aftronomy, and had applied himfelf 
fo aftiduoufly to them, as to have obtained a high reputa¬ 
tion in thofe departments of learning, of which he reaped 
confiderable advantages during the civil wars, and the 
government of Cromwell. The fciences, however, pro¬ 
perly fo called, did not engrofs fo much of his time as 
to prevent him from becoming great in his profeflion as 
a divine, which qualified him for thofe preferments in the 
church to which he was fucceflively appointed. In the 
year 1661, immediately after the reiloration, he was 
created D.D. at Oxford, and was nominated chaplain to 
his majefty, and prefented to the redtory of Rofs in Here- 
fordfliire, which he held till his death, on Chriftmas-day 
1678, when he was about fifty-fix years of age. By An¬ 
thony Wood he is denominated a capricious and humo¬ 
rous perfon ; but his writings are a proof of his great ap¬ 
plication to ftudy ; of which we may mention the follow¬ 
ing: 1. Aftronomia Britannica, exhibiting the Dodfrine 
of the Sphere and Theory of Planets decimally by Trigo¬ 
nometry. 2. Help to Calculation, with Tables of Decli¬ 
nation, Afcenfion, See. 3. Trigonometria Britannica, 
flowing the Conftrudtion of the natural and artificial 
Sines, Tangents, and Secants, &c. This confifts of two 
books ; one compofed by the author, and the other tranf¬ 
iated from the Latin of Heniy Gellibrand. 4. Chiliades 
centum Logarithmorum. 5. Geometrical Trigonometry. 
6. Mathematical Elemens. 7. Defcription and Ufe of the 
Carpenter’s Rule. 8. The Art of Gauging. Befides 
thefe, Mr. Newton was author of many popular works for 
young perfons, which were probably extremely ufeful at 
that time, though they have long (ince been luperfeded 
by others better adapted to the inftrudtion of youth of 
both fexes. 
NEW'TON (Sir Ifaac), one of the moft illuftrious 
philofophers and mathematicians whom the world has 
produced, was born on Chriftmas-day 1642, at Woolf- 
thorpe, a hamlet of Colfterworth, in Lincolnfliire, fix 
miles fouth of Grantham. His father, Mr. John Newton, 
who was defcended from an ancient family, cultivated 
his own little paternal eftate ; and the fubjedi of this ar¬ 
ticle was his pofthumous and only child, being born about 
three months after his death. About two years after¬ 
wards Mrs. Newton married a fecond hulband, by whom 
(he had three children ; but (he did not negledt the edu- 
catioa 
