NOR 
NOR 
houfes, 35,503 families, and 157,101 perfons, of whom 
73,357 were males, and 83,744- females. By the fame 
eftimafe, 25,738 perfons were reported as employed in 
trade and manufactures, and 23,190 in agriculture. From 
the late returns (1811), a coniiderable increafe appears 
to have taken place. Thefe ftate the houfes at 29,552, 
the families at 37,743, and the individuals at 172,161 in 
number, viz. 80,385 males, and 91,776 females. The fa¬ 
milies engaged in trade are computed to aipount to 16,547, 
and thofe employed in agriculture to 10,945. 
The dialeft of this county is lingular and remarkable ; 
but we are allured by an ingenious writer in the Monthly 
Magazine, that the Northumberland bur, or purler gras, 
never in the leaft overleaps the boundary between Scot¬ 
land and England, and confequently has not the frnallelt 
existence in Berwicklhire. 
Hitherto it has been the practice for the judges to hold 
their affile in Durham, Northumberland, Newcaltle, Cum¬ 
berland, Weltmoreland, and Lancalhire, only in the ftim- 
mer recefs, or long vacation ; it having been alferted that 
there is not fufficient time in Lent to extend it fo far. 
But the inconvenience has of late years been very great; 
and we underlland tbat.it is at length determined that a 
commiffion of oyer and terminer, and general gaol-deli¬ 
very, lhall ilfue to the four northern counties ; and Mr. 
Raine, a king’s counfel, is to prelide. (Mar. 1819). 
Titles are derived from the following places in this 
county : From Alnwick, a barony to Percy earl of Be¬ 
verley ; Howick, vifcounty to Grey earl Grey, who is 
nlfo Baron Grey de Howick; Morpeth, vifcounty to 
Howard earl of Carlifle; Northumberland, dukedom and 
earldom and Warkworth barony to Percy; Prudhoe, ba¬ 
rony to Percy; Redeldale, barony to Mitford ; Tynedale, 
barony to Scott duke of Buccleugh in Scotland. Of Bel- 
ford, Graham earldom to Graham duke of Montrofe in 
Scotland. Of Etal, Ros barony to Manners duke of 
Rutland. Wallis's Nat. Hi ft. of Northumberland. Hut - 
chinfon s View of Northumberland. Beauties of England, 
vol. xii. Monthly Mag. 1814. Gent. Mag. 1818 and 1819. 
NORTHUMBER'LAND, a county of North America, 
in the ftate Pennfylvania, bounded north by Lycoming; 
fouth and weft by Dauphin and Mifflin counties; divided 
into twenty-four townfhips, and containing 27,797 inha¬ 
bitants. The chief town is Sunbury. 
Dr. Jardine, after having vilited feveral different parts 
of North America, in the year 1794, in order to fix on a 
fttuation for a Settlement, gives it as his opinion that 
Pennfylvania is the molt healthful ftate; and that North¬ 
umberland is by far to be preferred to all the other coun¬ 
ties of Pennfylvania, as it is more healthful, and better 
fituated with refpedt to the whole of the United States. 
This fituation he defcribes as follows: “ The neighbour¬ 
hood of the Forks of the Sufquehanna appeared very 
eligible, on account of the healthfulnefs of its fituation, 
and its proximity to fo large a river. We then employed 
ourfelves in examining the tradfs near the town of North¬ 
umberland. The land is in part cleared on both branches 
of the river, within the diftance of eight or ten miles from 
the town. Within about two miles of the town it is not 
to be bought under four or five pounds per acre. At a 
greater diftance, from three to two pounds. The whole 
of this land is exceedingly good, and fit both for corn 
and grazing ; particularly the latter, on account of its 
being near the river. The land at the diftance of about 
two miles from the town, and the fame from the river, in 
an uncleared ftate, may be bought for a guinea per acre. 
The ready market, both for wood and produce, makes 
this a very defirable fituation. The mere article of wood, 
within three miles of the town, will more than pay all the 
expenfes of clearing. This is a very populous neighbour¬ 
hood. The expenies of this fituation would be nearly 
thefe : 100 acres (which it feems are fufficient) at 3I. per 
acre, 300I.—iool. or lefs to be advanced at firft, and the 
remainder in fmall fums, paying legal intereft; but, to 
Vol. XVII. No. 1173. 
thofe who can advance the whole, confiderable allowance 
is made. Labour is procured at about two ftiiilings a-day ; 
but labourers are fcarce. The houfeand barn would coif 
about 200I. and the ftock, at firft, about iool. Families, 
while the houfe, &c. are preparing, might be accommo¬ 
dated with houfes, or lodgings, at Northumberland, at a 
very moderate rate. Having gained this information, we 
loft no time in fetting off’ again for Philadelphia, with a 
view to afcertain, as loon as poffible, the price of land in 
other fituations. Having heard much of the land in Lan- 
cafter-county, we returned that way; but we were foon 
fatisfied refpefting the land in that and the other counties 
through which we palled; as the price of it was from fix 
to twenty pounds per acre, even at a confiderable diftance 
from the Sufquehanna.” Letter from Pennfylvania to a 
Friend in England; Lond. 1795. 
NORTHUMBERLAND, a fiouriftiing poft-towm in 
the fore-mentioned county, fituated on the point of land 
formed by the junction of the north and weft branches 
of the Sufquehanna; regularly laid out, and contain¬ 
ing about 120 houfes, a Prefbyterian church, and an aca¬ 
demy : two miles north by w'eft of Sunbury. 
NORTHUMBERL AND, a county of Virginia, bound¬ 
ed eaft by Chefapeak-bay, and weft by Richmond, con¬ 
taining 3900 free inhabitants, and 3903 Haves : twelve 
miles from Kinfale. 
NORTHUMBERLAND, a county of Upper,Canada, 
bounded eaft by the county of Haftings, and the portage 
of the Prefqu’ifle de Quinte; fouth by L ike Ontario, un¬ 
til it meets the vvefternmoft point of Little Bay; thence 
by a line running north 16 0 W. until it meets the fouth- 
ern boundary of a traft of land belonging to the Miflaf- 
faga Indians, and thence along the’traft parallel to Lake 
Ontario, until it meets the north-wefternmoft boundary 
of the county of Haftings. This county comprehends al l 
the iflands near to it in Lake Ontario, and the Bay of 
Quinte; and the greater part of it Fronts Lake Ontario. 
NORTHUMBERLAND, a town in Grafton-county, 
New Hampfhire, fituated on the eaft fide of Connefticut- 
river, at the mouth of the Upper Amonoofuck; incorpo¬ 
rated in 1779, and containing 205 inhabitants. 
NORTHUMBERLAND I'SLANDS, a chain of iflands 
in the South Pacific Ocean, near the north-eaft coaft of 
New Holland, which run parallel to the main land, at the 
diftance of from five to eight miles; of various height and 
magnitude, but fcarcely one above fifteen miles in cir¬ 
cumference, and many not four. Lat. 21. 28. to 22. 26. S. 
Ion. 209. 50. to 210. 54. W. 
NORTHUMBERLAND STRA'ITS, a narrow chan¬ 
nel of the Eaftern Indian Sea, between the iflands of Ca- 
lamianes and the fhoals of Apo. 
NORTHWARD, adj. [north and peapb, Sax.] Being 
towards the north. 
NORTHWARD or Northwards, adv. Towards the 
north.—Going northward aloof, as long as they had any 
doubt of being purfued, at lalt they crofted the ocean to 
Spain. Bacon. 
Northward beyond the mountains we will gp, 
Where rocks lie cover’d with eternal fnow. Dryden. 
NOR'THWICH, a large and ancient market-town, 
in the county of Chefter, fituated near the conflux of 
the rivers Dane and Weaver, at the diftance of 18 
miles from the city of Chefter, and 174 from London. 
The ltreets are irregular and badly paved, and many of 
the houfes are of confiderable antiquity. The townlhip 
of Witton adjoins to Northwich, and is conlidered as 
forming part of the town. In the town is a parochial 
chapel, a fpacious edifice, which is remarkable for the pe¬ 
culiarity of its choir, being femicircular; the roof of the 
nave is adorned w ith numerous figures jof wicker bafkets, 
fimilar to thofe ufed in the manufa&ure of fait. A gram- 
mar-fchool was founded and endowed here in the year 
1558, by the rev. fir John Deane, reftor of St. Bartbolo- 
3 M mew 
