228 
NOR 
North America, difcovered by Capt. Cook in the year 
1778, amj named from fir Fletcher Norton, afterwards 
lord Gfantley, the friend of Lieut. King, who examined 
it. This bay extends to the northward as far as lat. 64. 55. 
The people adjoining to this bay did not appear to our 
navigators to differ, either as to their fize or features, 
from thofe whom they had found on other parts of the 
coaft, Nootka excepted. Their clothing, which confifted 
principally of deer-fkins, was made after the fame fafhion ; 
and they obferved the cuftom of boring their under lips, 
and fixing ornaments to them. Their dwellings confifted 
of a floping roof, without any fide-walls, compofed of 
logs, and covered with grafs and earth; the floor was laid 
with logs, the entrance being at one end ; the fire-place 
juft within it; and a fmall hole was made near the door 
to let out the finoke. Brooms and fpruce, and alfo fifh, 
were obtained in exchange for knives, beads, and other 
trifles ; but the article chiefly valued was iron. The ber¬ 
ries which were procured here were wild currant-berries, 
hurtle-berries, partridge-berries, and heath-berries. From 
the elevated fpot on- which Lieut. King furveyed the 
found, he could diftinguifh many extenfive valleys, with 
rivers running through them, well-wooded, and bounded 
by hills of a gentle afcentand moderate height. One of 
thefe rivers, which runs to the north-weft, appeared to be 
confiderable, and to empty itfelf into the fea at the head 
of the bay. The trees were found to be larger by thofe 
who advanced from the bay farther into the country. 
The bay in which our navigators anchored, lay on the 
fouth-eaft fide of it, and was called by the natives Chack- 
toole. The ftation was indifferent, being expofed to the 
fouth and fouth-w'eft winds ; nor is there a harbour in all 
the found. From feventy-feven fets of lunar obfervations, 
the longitude of the anchoring-place, on the weft fide of 
the found, was found to be 197. 13. W. lat. 64. 31. N. 
Variation of the compafs, 25.45.E. Dip of the needle, 
76.25. The night-flood rofe almoft two or three feet 5 
and the day-flood was hardly perceivable. Cooke's Third 
Voyage, vol. ii. 
NOR'VENICH, a town of France, in the department 
of the Roer : feven miles eaft of Dueren. 
NOR'VI, a town of the ifland of Sardinia : fixteen 
miles north-eaft of Saffari. 
NO'RUM, a town of Sweden, in Weft Gothland : twen¬ 
ty miles fouth of Uddevalla. 
NORUNGA'H, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahar: thirty 
three miles weft of Gayah. 
NOR'WALK, a pleafant poft-town of North America, 
in Fairfield-county, Connecticut, on the north fide of 
Long-Ifland Sound, containing a congregational and 
epifcopal church, and between forty and fifty compact 
houles, with 514 inhabitants. The townfhip, which was 
fettled in 1651, is fituated in a fertile wheat-country. 
It has iron-works, and a number of mills; and carries 
on a fmall trade to New York and the Weft Indies. It is 
thirteen miles fouth-weft from Fairfield. 
NOR'WALK I'SLANDS, a duller of fmall iflands in 
Long-Ifland Sound, near the coaft of Connecticut. Lat-. 
41.4. N. Ion. 72. 22. W. 
NOR'WAY, a country of Europe, lying between the 
57th and 72d degrees of north latitude, and between the 
5th and 31ft degrees of longitude eaft from London; 
bounded on the fouth by the entrance from the Baltic, 
called the Scaggerac, or Categate; on the weft and north 
by the northern fea, and on the eaft by a long chain of 
mountains under different names, which feparates it from 
Sweden. Its extent and dimenfions have not been pre- 
cifely afeertained. Geographers have differed about its 
limits northward; and, therefore, fome have made its 
length 1100 miles, and others have ftated it at 750 miles, 
its breadth at 170, and its area in fquare miles 71,400. Its 
capital has been either Bergen or Chriftiania. 
Norway is formed by nature into two great divifions, 
viz. Northern, and Southern or Proper Norway, feparated 
from each other by the fmall (Swedifli) province of Hern- 
N O R 
dahl. Northern Norway is a long and narrow flip of land 
extending as far as North Cape, the moft northern point 
of Europe ; it is divided into Nordland and Finmark, and 
comprehended in the government of Drontheim. South¬ 
ern or Proper N orway is bounded as we have already ftated; 
and is divided into four diocefes or governments, viz. 
Aggerhuus or Chriftiania, Chriftianfand, Bergen, and 
Drontheim. _ Although Norway comprehends a large 
tract of territory; yet, on account of its rocky foil and 
unfavourable climate, the number of inhabitants does not 
correfpond to_ the extent of the country. The amount 
of its population is eftimated at 700,000 or 750,000 fouls. 
Norway was formerly an independent kingdom, and 
governed by its own hereditary fovereigns. Its original 
population confifts of Fins and Laplanders ; and its fove- 
reignty, originally founded in the fouth-eaft part of Nor¬ 
way, around the modern city of Chriftiania, was gradu¬ 
ally extended; and Harold Harfagre, about A.d! 910, 
became mailer of all Norway. In the reign of Olaf I. 
Norway and Zealand were converted to Chriftianity. On 
the demife of Hagen or Haken V. in 1319, without male 
illue, his grandfon, in the female line, Magnus Smok, uni¬ 
ted the kingdoms or Sweden and Norway. Magnus was 
fucceeded on-the throne of Norway by his fon Hagen 
or Haken VI. who married Margaret, daughter of Wal- 
demar III. king of Denmark, A.D. 1363 ; and in confe- 
quence of this marriage the three crowns of the north 
were united. On the death of her fon Olaf V. Margaret 
afeended the throne of Denmark.and Norway in 1387, 
and that of Sweden in 1389. On her death the crown 
defeended to her hufband, as fome fay, or, according to 
others, to her nephew, Eric of Pomerania. Sweden was 
afterwards feparated from Denmark by the valour and 
addrefs of Guftavus Vafa ; but Norway continued united 
to the crown of Denmark till the year 1814. 
Norway and Denmark had, as we have feen, been go¬ 
verned by the fame rulers for four centuries; and had 
become, both from intimate intercourfe and popular feel¬ 
ing, an integral part of the monarchy. Denmark had 
been cruelly treated during the war; and there was only" 
one moment in which Are had a profpedt of feparatino- 
herfelf from France; this was at the end of 1812, after 
Bonaparte’s forces had perilhed in Ruflia. She availed 
herfelf of it, and opened a negociation with Great Britain 
and Ruflia, which would in all probability have proceeded 
to an amicable conclusion, had not thefe powers, in the 
ftrait of the preceding year, come under an engagement 
to Bernadotte, which implied the ceflion of Norway to 
Sweden. This cruel circumftance threw the Danes once 
more into connection with France. When the battle of 
Leipfic had confirmed the liberation of Germany, Ber¬ 
nadotte had the power of afferting by force of arms his 
claim to Norway. He invaded Holllein ; and, after feve- 
ral fevere conflidls, obliged the Danilh court to fubferibe 
to the ceflion of that valuable part of its dominions, in 
return for Swedifli Pomerania, which was fubfequently 
exchanged with Pruflia for a part of the country of Lauen- 
burg, and a pecuniary confideration. 
It has been feen, under the article London, vol. xiii. 
p.340, 1. that an ineffectual attempt was made by the 
crown-prince of Denmark to preferve Norway as an in¬ 
dependent ftate. But its fate was fealed. Its union 
with Sweden was determined in a Norwegian diet, when 
all oppolition was found to be in vain, on the 20th of 
OCtober, 1814, by a majority of 74 to 5; and, on the 
SfNumber* Charles XIII. of Sweden was proclaimed 
King of Norway. The ceremonial part of the t ran faction 
was executed by the crown-prince (Bernadotte), who, 
accompanied by his fon prince Ofcar, took his departure 
on the 8th of November from Frederickfliall, and, crofting 
the boundary at Schoonen, proceeded by Mofs to Chrif- 
tiania, where he was received with all due honours by the 
civil and military authorities on the 9th ; and on the 10th 
proceeded in ftate to the diet, to receive from the mem¬ 
bers the oath of fidelity to king Charles, and to tranfmit 
to 
