NORWICH. 
240 
tending from the prlgrims’-hall door-way to the entrance 
into the church inclufive, was the work, of bilhop 
Wakeryng, who eredted the new chapter-houfe, which 
was afterwards deftroyed in the civil wars. In the year 
1430, in the 133d year from its commencement, this fpa- 
cious, elegant, and juftly-celehrated, cloifter was finiflied, 
in the preiidency of bilhop Alnwick, by whofe executors 
the weft end of the cathedral was rebuilt. In 1361, a 
hurricane blew down the upper part of thefteeple; and 
at that time the prefent fpire was built. 
The architedlure of this noble pile of building, as it 
now appears, is chiefly of that ftyle called Norman, 
wherein the femicircular arch and large fhort column are 
the leading features : thefe are confiderabiy varied in fiy.e, 
mouldings, and ornaments, in different parts of the ftruc- 
ture. The plan difplays a nave with iide-aifles, a tran- 
fept, a choir with femicircular eaft end, and an aide fur¬ 
rounding it. Attached to, but projedlingfrotn, this aide, 
near the eaft end, is a fmall chapel dedicated to Jefus; and 
on the oppofite fide, at the fouth-eaft angle of the church, 
is another, called St. Luke’s chapel. Weft of this is a 
fquare building, projedling from the aifle, now ufed as a 
confiftory-court. Between this and thetranfeptare Hey- 
don’s chapel and the old chapter-houfe. Abutting to the 
fouth tranlept are the precindls gaol or dungeon, and St. 
Edmund’s or the Prior’s chapel. Weft of thefe, and at¬ 
taching to the fouth fide of the nave, are the cloifters. 
Such are the component parts of the cathedral, which 
joins to the biftiop’s palace on the north fide, and to the 
deanery, See. on the fouth. The following are given as 
the meafurements: extreme length of the church from 
eaft to weft, 411 feet; and of the nave, from weftern door 
to tranfept, 140 feet: the extreme width of the latter is 
191 feet; of nave, with aides, 72 feet. The cloifters form 
a fquare of 174 feet within the walls. They branch oft’ 
from the fouthern tranfept, and inclofea fquare court or 
area : eleven window's, or arched openings, are on the 
weftern fide, twelve on the oppofite fide, eleven to the 
north, and the lame number on the fouthern fide. All 
thefe windows are divided into three lights, by two co¬ 
lumns, and all are decorated with tracery ; the latter pre- 
fents much variety and diflimilarity. At the fouth-weft 
angle is a large lavatory. The roof is fupported by groins, 
fpringing from cluttered columns, and ornamented with 
very bold bofl’es at their points of interfediion. The 
door-way leading from the eaftern aifle of the cloifters to 
the nave is very curious. It is in the pointed-arch ftyle, 
with four columns on each fide, having correfponding 
archivolt mouldings, in front of which are feven canopied 
niches, with richly-fculptured crockets, and each includ¬ 
ing a ftatue. 
The weft front of the cathedral difplays a large cen¬ 
tral compartment, fronting and correfponding with the 
width and height of the nave; alfo two lateral divifions 
correfponding with the fide-ailles. The elevation of the 
former (hows a large central window, divided into three 
leading compartments in height, and the fame number in 
width. Thefe are again fubdivided by fmall mullions ; 
and the whole produces a highly-ornamented eftedt. Be¬ 
neath it is the grand entrance door-way, formed by a 
bold pointed arch, having its fpandrils and fide-fafcia 
niuch enriched with mouldings, niches, pedeftals, fta- 
tues, and other fculptured decorations. The nave and 
aifle on the fouth fide prefent five tiers or ftories of win¬ 
dows and arcades, though part of the lowennoft is ob- 
feured by one fide of the cloifters. Above this is a feries 
of blank arches, or arcades, of the femicircular ftyle, di¬ 
vided into fourteen compartments, by a flat butt refs be¬ 
tween each, and every divifion confifts of fix arches. In 
the next tier upwards, each compartment has three 
femicircular arches, the central of which is opened and 
lazed, whilft the other two are blank. Over this is a 
atly-pointed arch-window, with two mullions in each 
divifion. This copftitutes the elevation of theaifle, which 
is unufually lofty and narrow. Above this is a feries 
of arches to the upper part of the nave, difplaying in 
each compartment a pointed arched window in the mid¬ 
dle, with a femicircular moulding over it, and two late¬ 
ral blank arches. The fides and front of the tranfept 
nearly correfpond, in the number and ftyle of arches, 
with the divifion juft deferibed. At the inrerfeftion of 
the tranfept with the nave and choir, ril'e-s a lofty tower, 
furmounted by a fpire, the whole height of which is 315 
feet. The former exhibits four ftories, befules that of 
the battlements ; and each is covered with arcades, co¬ 
lumns, and tracery-mouldings, of very varied andcurious 
workmanfhip. 
Of the interior it muft fuffiee to remark, that it is grand 
and foleinn in the general effedl ; that the piers, columns, 
arches, and mouldings, are in a bold and fubftantial ftyle. 
It is much to be regretted by every architect, antiquary, 
and man of talle, that the modern fittings-up of the choir, 
pewing in the aifle, encumbered ftate of the tranfept, 
See. tend to disfigure the building, and deftroy all har¬ 
mony, propriety, charadter, and beauty. The prefent 
choir, or part appropriated for cathedral-fervice, is made 
to extend from the femicircular call end acrofs the 
tranfept, and to the third column in the nave. This 
fpace is nearly enclofed with boarded and painted par¬ 
titions, filling-up the arches, and (hutting-out the 
fight from all general and comprehenfive views of the 
building. The tomb of bilhop Herbert, the founder, 
was deftroyed in the time of the civil wars ; and a new 
altar-monument was eredted to his memory by the dean 
and chapter in the year 1682 in the central part of the 
choir, inclofed with an iron palifade. This part of the 
church contains alfo the graves of molt of the prelates 
who have filled the fee ; but few' interefting monuments 
now remain. Between the ninth and tenth pillars, rec¬ 
koning from the weft, was a chapel, now thrown open, 
where is ail altar-tomb, deprived of its brafies, under 
which was interred fir James Hobart, attorney-general to 
king Henry VII. Till the reformation, this chapel was 
the chantry belonging to the Hobart family. In Jefus- 
cliapel ftands a tomb, removed from the chapel of the 
Virgin Mary, eredted to the memory of fir Thomas 
Wyndham, who died 0 ( 51.2 2, 1321. Among other ce¬ 
lebrated perfons, whole place of fepulture is in this church, 
may be noticed John Heydon, eiq. a great favourite of 
Edward IV. fir Henry Heydon, who built at his own ex- 
penl’e Salthoufe-church ; fir William Boleyn, greatgrand¬ 
father to queen Elizabeth ; and fir Roger Bigod, fewer 
to king Henry I. In the chapel called OurLady the Lefs, 
is an arched mural monument to fir William Beauchamp, 
the founder, who lived in the reigns of Edward I. and 
Edward II. 
The bilhop’s palace, on the north fide of the collegiate 
precindt, is not the one built by the founder of the cathe¬ 
dral, though it ftands upon the fame feite. The original 
building was pulled down, and a larger ft rudlu re e redied 
by bilhop Salmon, in the year 1318. In the rebellion, it 
partook of the general injuries which were committed on 
eccleliaftical buildings by the fanatic fpirit of the times; 
the greater part was let-out in tenements, and the grand 
hall converted into a meeting-houfe. Jefus-chapel, in 
the cathedral, was originally appropriatad to the ufe of 
the prelate; but, being found inconvenient, bilhop Sal¬ 
mon eredted another near the palace. In this, which was 
130 feet long by 30 broad, were buried the founder, and 
feveral other prelates. 
The priory, built by bilhop Herbert Lofinga, about the . 
year 1101, for fixty monks of the Benedidtine order, to 
officiate in the cathedral, flood on the fouth fide of it, in 
what at prefent is called the Lower Clofe. On pulling 
down the workhoufe, in the year 1804, to improve the 
entrance to the deanery, fome ruins were difeovered, fup- 
pofed to have been remains of the refediory and dormi¬ 
tory of that once-celebrated monaftery. The lhafts of 
three maflive ciuftered pillars, each nine feet long, are 
preferved, and exhibit interefting fpecimens of the ar- 
4 chitedture 
