' O C E 
bled to have their clothes walked without the aid either 
of foap or of frejh water. 4. For this purpofe, a quantity 
of barilla or foda Ihould always be provided as an article 
of the 11)ip’s ftores, and ifl'ued to the men on walhing-days. 
5. Thus, by the operation of this alkaline fait, a great pro¬ 
portion of the naftinefs and infection bred in the clothes, 
bedding, and births, of perfons at fea, might be prevented; 
and the crews and paffengers fo far forth preferved from 
fevers and dyfenteries. 6. No more room would be oc¬ 
cupied by water-calks in the holds of velfels than at pre- 
fent. 7. The fmall quantity of magnefia and lime ad¬ 
hering to clothes walked in this way, is an advantage 
over-and-above what takes place in ufing frelli water. 
8. A broad and noble view is opened of the economy of 
Providence, in diftributing alkaline falts, and earths, fo 
liberally throughout the terraqueous globe. 
O'CE AN, f. Any immenfe expanfe.—Time, in general, 
is to duration, as place to expanfion. They are fo much 
of thofe boundlefs oceans of eternity and immenfity, as is 
fet out and diftinguilhed from the ref, to denote the pofi- 
tion of finite real beings, in thofe uniform infinite oceans 
of duration and fpace. Locke. 
O'CEAN, adj. Pertaining to the main or great fea.— 
At forty miles beyond the city, it falleth into the ocean 
fea. Robin foil's Tr. of Move's Utopia, 1551.—To burf the 
billows of the ocean fea. Hiji. of Orlando Furiojb, 1 599.—- 
And too long painted on the ocean ftreams. Drummond's 
Poems, 1616. 
Bounds were fet 
To darknefs, fuch as bound the ocean wave. Milton. 
CCEAN'IC, arlj. Pertaining to the ocean.—No one yet 
knows to what difiance any of the oceanic birds go to lea. 
Cook's Voyage. 
OCEAN'IDES, in fabulous hiftory, fea-nymphs, daugh¬ 
ters of Oceanus, from whom they received their name, 
and of the goddefs Tethys or Thetis. They were 3000 
according to Apollodorus, who mentions the names of 
feven of them; Alia, Styx, Eleffra, Donis, Eurynome, 
Amphirrite, and Metis. Heliod fpeaks of the eldeil of 
them, and reckons 41 ; Pitho, Admete, Prynno, Ianthe, 
Rhodia, Hippo, Callirhoe, Urania, Clymene, Idyia, Pali- 
thoe, Clythia, Zeuxo, Galuxaure, Plexaure, Perfeis, 
Pluto, Thoe, Polydora, Melobofis, Dione, Cerceis, Xan- 
the, Acafta, Ianira, Teleftho, Europa, Mneftho, Petraea, 
Eudora, Calypfo, Tyche, Ocyroe, Crilia, Amphiro, with 
thofe mentioned by Apollodorus, except Amphitrite. 
Plyginus mentions 16, whole names are almoft all diffe¬ 
rent from thofe of Apollodorus and Hefiod ; which dif¬ 
ference proceeds from the mutilation of the original text. 
The Oceanides, like the reft of the inferior deities, were 
honoured with libations and facrifices. Prayers were of¬ 
fered to them, and they were entreated to protedl bailors 
from ftorms and dangerous tempefts. The Argonauts, 
before they proceeded to their expedition, made an offer¬ 
ing of flour, honey, and oil, on the fea-fhore, to all the 
deities of the fea, lacrifieed bulls to them, and entreated 
their protection. When the lacrifice was made on the 
fea-lhore, the blood of the victim was received in a velfel; 
but, when it was in open fea, they permitted the blood to 
run down into the waters. When the Tea was cairn, they 
generally offered a lamb or a young pig; but, if it was agi¬ 
tated by the winds, a rough black bull was deemed the 
moil acceptable victim. 
OCE'ANUS, in mythology, the fon of Ccelus and 
Terra, the hufband of Thetis, and the father of the rivers 
and fountains, called Oceanides. The ancients called 
him the “ Father of all things,” imagining that he was 
produced by Humidity, which, according to Thales, was 
the firft principle from which every thing was produced. 
Homer reprefents Juno vifiting him at the remotell limits 
or the earth, and acknowledging him and Thetis as the 
parents of the gods. He was reprefented with a bull’s 
head, as an emblem of the rage and bellowing of the 
ocean, when agitated by a florin. 
Vol. XVII. No. 1185. 
O C H 385 
According to Homer, he was the father even of all the 
gods, and on that account received frequent vifits front 
them. He is often, indeed almoft always, reprefented as 
an old man with a long flowing beard, and fitting upon 
the waves of the fea. He often holds a pike in his hand, 
while fltips under fail appear at a diftance, or a fea-monfter 
Hands near him. Oceanus prelided over every part of the 
fea, and even the rivers were fubjeCted to his power. 
The ancients were fuperftitious in their worfliip of him, 
and revered with great folemnity a deity to whofe care 
they entrufted themfelves when going on any voyage. 
OCE'IA, a woman who prefided over the facred rites 
of Vefta for 57 years with the greateft fanCfity. She died 
in the reign of Tiberius; and the daughter of Domitius 
fucceeded her. Tacitus. 
OC'ELLATED, adj. [ocellaius , Lat.] Referabling the 
eye.—The white butterfly lays its offspring on cabbage- 
leaves ; a very beautiful reddifh ocellated one. Derham's 
Phyf. Then!. 
OCEL'LUM, in ancient geography, a promontory of 
Britain, generally fuppoled to be Spurn-head; and Mr. 
Baxter, with great probability, thinks the name is derived 
from the Britifh word ochel, or uchel, lofty. There is a 
very lofty mountain in Scotland called Ocelli Mons, Ochil 
Hills, for the fame reafon. 
OCEL'LUS, an ancient Greek philofopher of the Py¬ 
thagorean fchool, was a native of Lucania, whence the 
furname of the Lucanian is commonly given to him. 
The time in which he flourifhed was the age before Plato, 
which is inferred fromaletter preferved by Diogenes Laer¬ 
tius, in which Archytas informed Plato that he had re¬ 
ceived feveral pieces written by Ocellus, from his grand- 
fons. Among thefe was a treatife- “ Of Laws, or Kings 
and Kingdoms,” of which a few fragments only remain, 
which are preferved by Stobaeus. Another of his w-orks 
was a book “ On the Univerfe,” which has come down 
to us entire ; this has been fuppofed by Thomas Burnet 
to have been compiled from the writings of Ariftotle, 
and he regarded it as an epitome of the Peripatetic doc¬ 
trine concerning nature; but others pronounceit to have 
been in exiftence long before the time of Ariftotle, and 
that this philofopher borrowed many things from Ocellus, 
but made ufe of them in a fenfe very different from that of 
their original author. A luminary of the doctrine taught 
by Ocellus is given by Dr. Enfield, in his abridgment of 
Brucker, to which we refer our readers. It is a Ipecimen 
of the Pythagorean doctrine, intermixed with tenets pe¬ 
culiar to the author. He maintained that the univerfe 
never had a beginning, nor will have an end ; that the 
world, in its preient beautiful form, is to be diftinguilhed 
from the univerfe of which it is formed ; and that the col¬ 
lection of all beings which forms the w'orld is itfelf per¬ 
fect and entire, and has no connexion with any thing ex- 
trinfic. The immutable ejjhiccs of Ocellus are the lame 
with the intelligible natures of Pythagoras; and the doc¬ 
trine of Ocellus concerning daemons, that they inhabit 
the fublunar regions, is eflentially different from that of 
Ariftotle, wdio fuppofed no fuch intelligences, except in 
the celeftial fphere. The work of Ocellus here referred 
to was firft printed in Greek at Paris in 1539 ; and at Ve¬ 
nice in Greek, with a Latin verfion by Louis Nogarola, in 
1359 : it has (ince gone through many editions, of which 
the molt valuable is faid to be that of Dr. Thomas Gale, 
witli the verfion of Nogarola, and learned notes, in his 
Opufcula Mythologica, printed at Cambridge in 1671, 
Enfield's Hrjl. Phil. vol. i. 
OCHAGA'VXA, a town of France, in Navarre: twen- 
ty^three miles eaft of Pamplona. 
O'CHAN, a town of Rnifia, in the government ofPerm, 
on the Kama -. twenty miles fouth-fouth-weft of Perm. 
Lat. 57. 28. N. Ion. 54. 30. E. 
O'CHEL, a river of Silefia, which runs into the Oder 
nine miles below Beuthen. 
O'CHIL HILL'S, an extenfive range of mountains in 
Scotland, commencing in the parilh of Dumblane, Perth- 
5 F fture. 
