CE D E 
CE D E 
403 
The obje&s of a financier are, to fecurean ample revenue ; 
to impofe it with judgment and equality; to employ it 
(economically. Burhe. 
CECONOM'ICS, f. Management of houfehold affairs. 
—A prince’s leaving his bulinefs wholly to his minilters, 
is as dangerous an errour in politicks, as a mailer’s com¬ 
mitting all to his fervant is in cecouomichs. L'EJlrange. 
CECUMEN'ICAL, adj. [from the Gr. 01 zufievn, the 
whole world.] General ; refpeCling the w’hole habitable 
world.—This Nicene council was not received as an occu- 
menicaf council in any of the eaftern patriarchates, except¬ 
ing only that of Conftantinople. Stillingfleet. —We mull 
not make a computation of the catholick church from 
that part of it which was within the compafs of the Ro¬ 
man empire, though called (ecumenical. Lejlie. 
GECUME'NIUS, an ancient Greek commentator upon 
the Scriptures, whofe time is uncertain, but who is fup- 
pofed to have fiouritfied in the tenth century. Cave 
places him under the year 990, and Lardner a little ear¬ 
lier. Montfaucon informs us, on the tellimony of a ma- 
nufcript of the tenth or eleventh century, that he was 
bifhop of Trica in Theffaly; and nothing more is known 
refpeCling his perfonal hiftory. He w'as the author of 
“ Commentaries ttpon the ACls of the Apollles, the four¬ 
teen Epiflles of St. Paul, and the (even Catholic Epiftles,” 
which contain a concife and perfpicuous illuftration of 
thofe parts of the, New-Tellament writings. Befides his 
ow n remarks and notes, they confill of a compilation of 
the notes and obfervations of Chryfoflom, Cyril of Alex¬ 
andria, Gregory Nazianzen, Ifidore of Pelufium, Theo- 
doret, Photius, and others. Le Long fays, that he alfo, 
wrote a Commentary upon the four Gofpels, compiled 
from the writings of the ancient Greek fathers; but it is 
no longer extant. The works of CEcumenius were lirft 
publilhed in Greek at Verona, in 1532, folio; and in 
Greek and Latin at Paris, in 1631, in 2 vols. folio; the 
Latin verlion being that of John Hentenius, which was 
publilhed feparately at Antwerp, in 1545. To the fe- 
cond volume of the Paris edition is added the Commen¬ 
tary of Arethas upon the Book of Revelation. Cave's 
Hijl. Lit. vol. ii. l.e Long's Bill. Sac. vol. ii. Lardner's 
Cred. ch. 162. 
OE'DA, a town of Perfia, in Farfiftan : fifty miles weft 
of Yezd. Lat. 52. 25. N. Ion. 11.10. E. 
OE'DA. See Benin, vol. ii. 
CED'EMA, f. [Gr. from oi^w, to fwell.] A tumour. 
It is now, and commonly by furgeons, confined to a white 
foft infenfible tumour, proceeding from cold and aqueous 
humours, fuch as happen to hydropic conftitutions. 
Quincy. 
CEDEMAT'IC, or CEdem'atous, adj. Pertainingto an 
oedema. Swelled.—It is primarily generated out of the 
effufion of melancholick blood, or lecondarily out of the 
dregs and remainder of a phlegmonous or cedemaiick tu¬ 
mour. Harvey. —The great difcharge of matter, and the 
extremity of pain, wafted her; cedematous fwellings arofe 
in her legs, and (lie languifhed and died. Wifeman. 
CE'DENBURG. See F.denburg, vol. vi. 
CE'DER (George Chriltian), an eminent botanift, was 
born at Anfpach in 1728. In liis younger days he vifited 
England, and acquired a great knowledge of the Englifh 
language. He ftudied medicine at Go-ttingen under Hal¬ 
ler ; and, while a ftudent there, tranllated all the Englilh 
treatifes for an edition of Dr. Mead’s u>orks, which was 
publilhed by Haller in two oftavo volumes, in 1748. In 
the next year he took his degree as doftor of medicine, and 
on that occafion wrote a thefis, which Haller calls “ Dofta 
Dilfertatio de derivatione et revulfione per vense feCtio- 
nem.” In 1752 he went to Denmark, on the recommen¬ 
dation of Haller, and became a profeflor of botany. In 
1754 he made a tour into foreign countries, and paid a vilit 
to the principal botanical gardens. In the lame year he 
began his travels through Norway, and feveral of the 
Danifh provinces, and continued them to the year 1760. 
In the courfe of that time, befides attending to botanical 
obje&s, he collected a great deal of ftatiftical and agricul¬ 
tural knowledge; and in 1769 wrote an eflay on the quef- 
tion, “ How liberty and property could be procured to 
the peafantry in countries where they are wanting.” 
This production, with the additions printed two years 
after, which he conlidered as his belt work, contained 
truths never before fpoken in Denmark in fo bold and 
open a manner. In 1769 he was made a member of the 
Norwegian Society of Sciences and Agriculture ; and in 
1770 was releafed from his botanical orfice, with an inti¬ 
mation that the king required his fervices in another de¬ 
partment. His firft appointment was to fuperintend the 
experiments made on inoculating the difeafe among the 
horned cattle, of which he gave an account in the German 
Mufasum for the months of May and June 1776. He was 
afterwards a member of the agricultural college in Hol- 
llein. On the change of miniftry, wdiich took .place foon 
after, he gained the confidence of count Struenfee, and 
became a counfellor of finance, a deputy in the college 
of finance, and a director of the Norwegian chamber. 
But thefe important offices he held only about half a 
year, in confequence of Struenfee’s fall; after which he 
w'as removed from Copenhagen, and in the year 1773, 
appointed to be bailiff of Oldenburg, a place which he 
retained even after the ceffion of the duchy. At Copen¬ 
hagen he had often conpeived the idea of an improved 
widow’s fund; but, as he could not carry his plan into 
execution in that city, he formed a fimilar eftabiiih- 
ment, firft at Hamburgh and then at Oldenburgh. His 
laft occupation was the fuperintendance of a general mca- 
lurement and furvey of the duchy, which he began, but 
did not live to finilh. He died in January 1791. Some 
years before his death he was ennobled. His principal 
works, befides thofe above mentioned, were, 1. Flora Da- 
nica, feu leones Plantarum quae in regnis Dania;,Norvegise, 
&c. fponte crefcunt. Fafciculus i.-ix. cum indicibus lin¬ 
gua Danica, Germanica, et Latina, evulgatis ; 1763-1770, 
fob Each faciculus contains lixty plants, and three fafei- 
culi form a volume. Plaving completed 3 vols. contain¬ 
ing 540 plates, as we have feen that he reiigned the bota¬ 
nical chairin that year, the continuation of the work was 
entrufted to Otto Frederic Muller, and afterwards to Vahl- 
and it now forms a valuable collection, to which we are 
conftantly indebted in the botanical department of this 
w'ork. 2. Elementa Botanicas, Pars I. 1764. Pars II. 1766. 
3. Nomenclator Botanicus, inferviens Florae Danica;, 1769. 
Svo. 4. Enumeratio Plantarum Flora Danicae, fponte 
nafeentium in Regnis Daniae et Norvagias, Ducatu Slef- 
vici et Holfatiae, 1770, 8vo. Thefe works were all pub¬ 
lilhed at Copenhagen. Gen. Biog. 
CEDE'RA, j. [lo named by Linnaeus in memory of the 
fubjeCt of the preceding article.] In botany, a genus of 
the clafs fyngenefia, order polygamia fegregata^ natural 
order of compolitse oppofitifoliae, (corymbifera, Julj.j 
Generic characters — Calyx: common, many-flowered, 
fquarrole, of feveral lanceolate leaves, longer than the 
flower; the lower ones larger, containing numerous par¬ 
tial calyxes of many chaffy lanceolate leaves, the length 
of the florets. Corolla : common, radiated, of many par¬ 
tial flowers, which are alfo radiated though placed in the 
common dilk. Florets of each partial diik perfeCI, fun- 
nel-fltaped, five-cleft, ereft; thofe of the ray female, li- 
gulate, lanceolate, the length of the common calyx. 
Stamina: (in the perfeCt florets) filaments five, very fliort; 
anthera in a cylindrical tube. Piftillum: (in the perfeCt 
florets) germen oblong; ftyle thread-fliaped; ftigmas two, 
thread-fhaped, obtufe ; in the female florets the ftigma 
is longer. Pericarpium : none, except the unchanged ca¬ 
lyx. Seeds: oblong, crowned with many feales ; pointed 
and fhorter in the perfeCI florets. Receptacle : common 
and partial, fcaly; the feales of the latter linear, deci¬ 
duous.— Effential Char after. Partial, calyx many-flow-' 
ered; floi-ts tubular, perfeCI, with one or two female, 
ligulate; receptacle chaffy; down of feveral feales. There 
are three fpecies ; all natives of the Cape of Good Hope. 
1. CEdera prolifera:. leaves lanceolate, oppofite, ciliate, 
fmooth on both Tides. Stem flirubby, compound, with 
afeending 
