432 O H 
was very richly ornamented and well carved. This id and 
was vifited by Capt. Cook in 1769 ; but the hoftile difpo- 
(ition of the people prevented any intercourie. HuivkeJ- 
worth's Voyages, vol. ii. 
' OHETU'NA, a harbour on the fouth-eaft coafl of 
the Hland of Ulietea. 
OHEVAHO'A, an idand in the South Pacific Ocean. 
Lat. 9 42. S. Ion. 139. 2. VV. 
OR'HUD, a mountain of Arabia, in the province of 
■Hedsjas, where Mahomet was defeated by the Koreifh s 
eight miles north of Medina. 
OHI'O, one of the United States of America, admitted 
into the union by aft of congrefs, April 28, 1802, and 
organized March 3, 1803. Its length and breadth are 2©o 
miles each; and. it lies between lat. 38. xo. and 40. o. N. 
and Ion. 80. 30. and 83. 45. W. Exclulively of the waters 
of Lake Erie and Sandulky, it contains 39,128 fquare 
miles nearly, or 25,043,637 acres ; of which 17,409,717 
acres have been pure ha fed of the Indians. Of t-hefe lands, 
to which the Indian title is extinguifhed, 580,159 acres 
have been appropriated for the endowment and fupport 
of an univerfity, an academy, and fchools, and for the 
fupport of religion ; 8,418,068 acres are private property; 
and the remaining 8,411,490 acres are referved for the fu¬ 
ture difpofal of congrefs. This date lies weft of Pennfyi- 
vania, and is bounded fouth by the Ohio-river ; weft by 
the Indiana Territory, being feparated from it by a line 
drawn From the mouth of the Great Miami-river due 
north, nearly to the parallel of lat. 42°'N. north by Mi¬ 
chigan Territory and Lake Erie, from the former of which 
iris divided by an eaft and weft line drawn through the 
foutherly extremity of I.ake Michigan, and interfefting 
the territorial line in Lake Erie; eaft by Pennfylvania. 
In 1804 this ftate was divided into 18 counties, as in the 
following Table : 
5 Counties. 
When con- 
ftituted. 
Number of 
white Males of 
21 Years and 
upwards. 
Chief Towns. 
Trumbull 
1799 
I I I I 
Warren 
| Columbiana 
1803 
542 
1 Jefferfon 
1533 
Steubenville 
I JBellmont 
1803 
1030 
Pultney 
1 Wafhington 
1788 
1 246 
Marietta 
| Muikingum 
1803 
included in 
Wafhington co. 
| Gallia 
1803 
3°7 
Galliopolis 
a Scioto 
1803 
249 
Alexandria 
9 Adams 
906 
Mafliefburgh 
j Clermont 
755 
Williamfburgh 
| Hamilton 
1 7 99 
I 700 
Cincinnati 
! Fairfield 
IC5I 
New Lancafter 
1 Rofs 
1982 
Chilicothe 
1 Franklin 
j. Warren 
j Greene 
j) Butler 
| Montgomery 
240 
8 J 4 
a.46 
836 
526 
I 5 GM 
Franklington 
The whole number of inhabitants in Ohio in 1803 was 
eftimated at about 76,000, exclulively of feveral thauiands 
of people of colour, and the conftant influx of emigrants 
amounting yearly to about 12,000. In the year 1817, a 
new treaty w r as entered into between the United States 
and feveral nations of Indians on the Ohio, by which the 
United States became pollefled of an additional eight 
millions of acres of land. This treaty, with others of a 
fimilar nature, forms the commencement of a fyltem by 
which the white and red population of the United States 
will be amalgamated by a gradual but lure procefs. The 
foundation of this fyftem was laid by Mr. Prelident Jeffer- 
fon, with a view to the civilization of the Indian nations: 
4 
I o. 
and we are now told, (Monthly Mag. June 1815.) that 
in this whole territory, the population, including all co¬ 
lours, amounts to more than 330,000 (ouls; that there 
are 78 Prefbyterian or Congregational churches, but only 
49 minifters; between 20 and 30 Methodift preachers, 
employed in different circuits ; 10 or 12 Baptiff focieties ; 
feveral focieties of Friends orQuakers ; considerable num¬ 
bers of a left called New Lights ; a few Halcyons ; a few 
Swedenhurghers, and many Univerfalifts and Deifts, 
The legillative authority of this ftate is veiled in a gene¬ 
ral aflembly, compofed of a fenate to bechofen biennially, 
and ahoufe of reprefeutatives chofen annually, both by the 
people ; the number of reprefeutatives to be proportioned by 
law from time to time to the population. The fenators are 
divided into two dalles, by lot ; the leats of the firft clals 
to be vacated at the expiration of one year; of the lecond 
at the expiration of the lecond year; fo that one-half is 
to be annually chofen. The houfe of reprefentatives 
has the power of impeachments, which are to be tried 
by the fenate. The fupreme executive power is veiled in 
a governor to be chofen biennially, by the people: he is 
eligible only lixyears in any term of eight years. The ju¬ 
diciary power is veiled in a fupreme court, in courts of 
common pleas in each county, and in juftices of the peace. 
The judges of the fupreme and county courts are to be 
appointed by a joint ballot of the two houfes of aflembly, 
to hold their offices for feven years. In all elections, all 
white malts, above the age of twenty-one years, having re- 
fided in the ftate one year next preceding the election, and 
who have paid, or are charged with, a pale or county tax, 
Jhull enjoy the right of an elector in the diftriCt where he ac¬ 
tually rejides at the time of the election. 
Although a great part of this country is uneven, it 
cannot be called mountainous, nor even hilly. However, 
in the upper and northern parts of the Hate it may de- 
ferve the latter appellation, and it is too rough to admit 
of much cultivation ; and in other parts the inundation 
and fettlement of the waters render it wafte land. The 
principal rivers are, the Ohio, Muikitigum, Hockhocking, 
Scioto, and Miami. No part of the federal territory unites, 
as it is laid, more advantages, with regard to health, fer¬ 
tility, variety of produftions, and foreign interccurfe, 
than that traft'which ftretches from the Mulkingum to 
the Scioto and the Great Miami rivers. The country on 
the Ohio is every-where pleafant, with large level fpots of 
rich land, and remarkably healthy. The bottom and 
fides of the river are ltony, from Pittffmrgh down to the 
low country, a diftance of about 800 miles. The ftrata 
of Hone are horizontally difpofed, and conlift principally 
of either freellone or limellone. Although the flat lands 
on the Ohio are not furpafled by any in the United States 
for fertility, they are in many places fmail and inconfi- 
derable, being encircled by hills and mountains on one 
fide, and the river on the other. The lands on the va¬ 
rious dreams that fall into the Ohio are interfperfed with 
all the variety of foil which conduces to pleafantnefs.of 
fituation, and lays the foundation for the wealth of agri¬ 
cultural and manufafturing people. Large level bottoms, 
or natural meadows, (prairies,) from twenty to fifty miles 
in circuit, are every-where found bordering the rivers and 
variegating the country in the interior parts. Thefe afford 
a peculiarly-rich foil, and may be cultivated with little 
labour. In many of thele bottoms a man may clear an 
acre a-day, fit for planting with Iiidian-corn ; as here is 
no underwood, and the trees, which grow high and large, 
are not thickly fet. 
Tins country produces all the neceflaries of life in great 
abundance, and far beyond the confumption of the inha¬ 
bitants ; the reiidue, with many other articles, fuch as 
hemp, cordage, hard-ware, glafs, whilkey, apples, cider, 
and halted proviiions, are carried down the river to New 
Orleans, where they find a ready market. Iron, lead, and 
copper, are found in feveral places; betides native fulphur, 
nitre, and alfo vitriol and alum. Every part of the ftate 
fupplies pit-coal; and the mines of it are not only abun- 
