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Swedifh turnips being introduced, and anfwering uncom¬ 
monly well, he loft the inducement to go on with the other 
food. Cake gave very good butter,and at 61 . or 7l.a-thoufand 
was the cheapeft food that could be given. But, wherever 
this fort of food is employed, great care fliould be taken 
that the cakes be frefli, good, and free from mouldinefs. 
They are the belt where the exprefTion of the oil has not 
been carried on too far; but, where this has happened, 
they are moftly deficient in nourifhment. 
It has been ftated by Mr. Donaldfon, that in Lancafhire, 
Yorkfhire, Norfolk, and a few other diftriCts, they fome- 
times ul'e oil-cake, after being reduced to powder by means 
of a machine contrived for the purpofe, as a manure, home- 
times for wheat and barley crops, but more generally for 
turnips. It is always fown by hand, and harrowed,-in 
with the feed. The quantity ufed, is from three to fix 
quarters the acre. The price is extremely different in 
different diftriCts. It was then in Lancafhire from fix to 
eight fhillings the quarter; in home parts of Yorkfhire, 
from fixteen to twenty. Experience has proved, that the 
fuccefsof this manure depends in a great meafure on the 
following feafon. If rain happens to fall foon after the 
rape-dult is applied, the crop is generally abundant; but, 
if no rain fall fora confiderable period, the eft'eCts of this 
manure are little difcernible, either on the immediate 
crop, or on thofe which fucceed it on the land in the fol¬ 
lowing year. 
And, in an experiment ftated in the eleventh volume of 
the Agricultural Magazine, four ridges, about twenty 
yards wide each, in the middle of a large field, were al¬ 
ternately manured with lime and rape-feed cake. The 
quantity of lime was, it is fuppofed, three chaldrons to 
an acre. The part oil-caked had a quarter of a ton an 
acre, drilled by a machine, which throws the oil-cake re¬ 
duced to powder, and the turnip-feed, into the fame drills. 
The foil was a ftrong dry red loam, with a few fpots of 
gravel interfperfed in different parts of the field. On 
thefe gravelly fpots, the turnips were rather fuperior on 
the parts which were limed; but, on the loam, the oil- 
caked ridges produced at leaf!; double the weight of 
thofe which were limed. 
OI'L-COLOUR, f. Colour made by grinding coloured 
fubftances in oil.— Oil-culours, after they are brought to 
their due temper, may be preferved long in fome degree 
of foftnefs, kept all the while under water. Boyle. 
OIL CREE'K, a river of America, in Alleghany- 
county, Pennfylvania, which iffues from a fpring, on the 
furface of which floats an oil, fimilar to that called Bar- 
badoes tar, and which runs into Alleghany-river. The 
oil is found in fuch quantities, that a perfon may gather 
feveral gallons in a day. Thofe who have been affeCted 
with rheumatic complaints, have found relief by bathing 
their joints in this oil; and the water, drunk freely, has 
operated as a cathartic. 
OI'L-DRIED, atlj. Deftitute of oil: 
My oil-dry'd lamp, and time-bewafted light, 
Shall be extinct with age. Slialiefpeare. 
OI'L-MAN, f. One who trades in oils and pickles. 
OI'L-NUT, Oil-seed, or Oil-tree. See Ricinus. 
OI'L-PAINTING. See Painting. 
OI'L-SHOP, j. A fliop where oils and pickles are fold. 
OI'L-STONE, or Whet-stone ; the Ardefia novacula. 
See the article Mineralogy, vol.xv. p. 455, 6. 
OIL of STO'NE. In the manufacture of the Chinefe 
porcelain, they ufe a liquid matter of a white colour, 
which they call by this name, on which their great myf- 
tery of finifhing their work depends ; yet this has been 
lefs enquired into by the imitators of that ware in Europe 
than many other articles of lefs confequence. The Hone 
of which this oil is made, is of the fame degree of hard- 
nefs with that which the petunfe is prepared of. They 
procure it from quarries, and choofe fuch as is of a good 
white colour, and has many dark-green fpots in it. Thefe 
fpots are of the colour of the leaves of cyprefs. Some¬ 
times a ftone is chofen which has a brown ground, varie¬ 
gated with fpots and blotches of a reddifli colour. They 
firft carefully wafh this ftone ; then, laying it in a clean 
place, they break it to pieces with iron inftruments, and 
afterwards grind thefe to a perfeCtly-fine and impalpable 
powder, by rubbing them in large mortars, with peftles 
of ftone faced with iron, and turned either by the la¬ 
bourers or by water. When the whole is thus reduced 
to a fine powder, they throw it into a veflel of water ; 
and, llirring it brilkly about, they let the coarfer part 
fubfide to the bottom, and there fwims a fine thick matter 
like cream, for two or three inches depth on the furface. 
This they carefully fkim off', and, putting it into another 
veflel of clear water, they let it throw down any coarfe 
matter it may yet contain ; and finally, taking off the 
thick furface again, they mix this with fome frefti-water 
in another veflel, and leave it to fubfide ; then, pouring 
on the clean water, they take out the remainder at the 
bottom of the veflel, which is perfectly fine, and refem- 
bles a thick cream. To every hundred pounds of this 
they add one pound of a fubftance of the nature of which 
we are not yet perfectly informed. It is faid to be a mi¬ 
neral refembling alum. They calcine this firft, and then 
beat it to ;a fine powder; and this, being added to the 
cream, or oil, as it is called, ferves to keep it always in 
the fame liquid ftate. This fubftance, when finiflied in 
this manner, has very little title to the name of an oil; 
it is rather a varnifli, and is always ufed in mixture with 
another varnifli, which is called at this time fern-oil, and 
ufed to be called lime-oil; it is prepared in the fame man¬ 
ner with the other, after burning. 
OI'LER, f. One who trades in oils and pickles. This 
word is in Huloet. We now fay oilman. 
OI'LEUS, a king of the Locrians. He married Eriope, 
by whom he had Ajax, called Oileus, from his father, to 
difcriminate him from Ajax, the fon of Telamon. Oileus 
was one of the Argonauts. 
OI'LINESS, f. .UnCtuoufnefs; greafinefs ; quality ap¬ 
proaching to that of oil.—Bafil hath fat and fucculent 
leaves ; which oilinefs, if drawn forth by the fun, will 
make a very great change. Bacon. —Wine is inflammable, 
fo as it hath a kind of oilinefs. Bacon.— Chyle has the 
fame principles as milk, vifcidity from the cafeous parts, 
an oilinefs from the butyraceous parts, and an acidity 
from the tartareous. Floyer. 
OI'LY, adj. Confifting of oil; containing oil; having 
the qualities of oil.—Watery fubftances are more apt to' 
putrefy than oily. Bacon. —Fatty ; greafy : 
This oily rafcal is known as well as Paul’s ; 
Go, call him forth. Slialiefpeare's Hen. IV. 
OILY GRA'IN. See Sesamum. 
OILY PA'LM, /. A tree. It grows as high as the 
mainmaft of a (hip. The inhabitants make an oil from 
the pulp of the fruit, and draw a wine from the body of 
the trees, which inebriates; and with the rind of thefe 
trees they make mats to lie on. Miller. 
OINGT, or Yoingt, a town of France, in the depart¬ 
ment of the Rhone and Loire : feven miles weft-fouth- 
weft of Villefranche, and fifteen north-weft of Lyons. 
OINOM'ANCY, J'. [from the Gr. ono?, wine, and p.a.v- 
tux, magic.] A prediction from the appearances of wine 
poured out in libations. 
OI'ONISM, J'. [from oiuvo;, Gr. a bird.] The art of 
divination by birds. 
OI'ONIST, f. [from oiwurv)?, Gr.] An augur. 
To OINT, v. a. flintier, old Fr. from unElus, Lat.} To 
anoint; to fmear with fomething undiuous. Huloet. — Orat¬ 
ing them with honey in the fun. Blount's Voyage to the 
Levant, 1650. 
They oint their naked limbs with mother’d oil, 
Or, from the founts where living fulphurs boil. 
They mix a medicine to foment their limbs. Drydem 
Ifmarus was not wanting to the war. 
Directing ointed arrows from afar, 
And death with poifon arm’d. Dryden's JEn. 
OI'NTMENT, 
